Inkomba yokuqukethwe kwekhasi
En Ok Pool Reform ngaphakathi amanani amanzi futhi ikakhulukazi esigabeni esithi pool chlorine Sizozama ukuphendula:Ingakanani izinga lamanani ahlukene e-chlorine kumachibi okubhukuda?
Iyini i-pool chlorine?
I-chlorine iyingxenye yamakhemikhali yemvelaphi yemvelo futhi enye yezingxenye eziyisisekelo zento.
Ikhiqizwa kanjani i-pool chlorine?
- I-Chlorine ikhiqizwa ngosawoti ovamile ngokudlula amandla kagesi ngesisombululo se-brine (usawoti ovamile oncibilikisiwe emanzini) ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-electrolysis.
Kungani kufanele sengeze i-chlorine kumachibi okubhukuda?
I-chlorine yengezwa emanzini ukubulala amagciwane, futhi yenza i-asidi ebuthakathaka ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypochlorous acid ebulala amagciwane (njenge-salmonella namagciwane abangela amagciwane afana nesifo sohudo nendlebe yombhukudi).
Noma kunjalo, i-chlorine akuyona ukuphela kwendlela engenzeka ngayo ukwelashwa kwamanzi echibini (chofoza futhi uthole ezinye izindlela esikhundleni se-chlorine!).
Izinhlobo zamanani e-pool chlorine
Kunamanani amathathu abalulekile e-chlorine emachibini okubhukuda: i-chlorine yamahhala, i-chlorine ehlanganisiwe, ne-chlorine ephelele.
Ukwakhiwa kwamanani ahlukene we-chlorine
Izingxenye ngesigidi (ppm).
Isilinganiso esibonisa izingxenye zento, njenge-chlorine, ngesisindo maqondana nezingxenye eziyisigidi ngevolumu yamanzi echibi lokubhukuda.
Umthetho ojwayelekile okufanele uwulandele ukuze kugcinwe izinga lamanzi elihle kumachibi okubhukuda ukugcina amazinga e-FAC ephakathi kuka-2.0 no-4.0 ppm. (bona ithebula lezincomo ze-NSPI)
Ithebula lobudlelwano bezinga lamanani ahlukene we-chlorine kumachibi okubhukuda
Amanani akhona ngaphakathi kwe-chlorine kumachibi okubhukuda | Incazelo yamanani ahlukene e-chlorine | Ileveli ye-chlorine efanelekile kumachibi okubhukuda ngokuya ngevelu ethile |
---|---|---|
Iyini i-chlorine yamahhala | Kunamanani ahlukene e-chlorine amachibi okubhukuda kodwa avame kakhulu inani “le-chlorine yamahhala”. I-chlorine yamahhala inani le-chlorine elitholakalayo ukubulala amagciwane nokunye ukungcola. | Izinga le-chlorine yamahhala emachibini okubhukuda ngu-0,6 - 1,5 ppmppm (izingxenye ngesigidi). |
Yini ehlanganisiwe i-chlorine | I-chlorine ehlanganisiwe inani le-chlorine elibophezela ezintweni ezingcolile, okusho ukuthi isivele isetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane futhi ayitholakali ukubulala amagciwane amasha. | Izinga le-chlorine yechibi elifanelekile elihlanganisiwe ngu-0,2 ppm. |
Iyini i-chlorine ephelele | Ingqikithi ye-chlorine iyisamba se-chlorine yamahhala nehlanganisiwe. Eqinisweni, inani le-chlorine eliphelele liyinkomba enhle yekhwalithi yechibi kodwa inani le-chlorine yamahhala libaluleke kakhulu ukunquma ukuphepha. | Izinga elifanelekile le-chlorine yamahhala echibini eliphelele ngu-1,2 ppm. |
Yonke imikhiqizo ene-chlorine esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ikhiqiza i-hypochlorous acid (HCLO) lapho isabela ngamanzi.
- I-Hypochlorous acid iyi-asidi ebuthakathaka ehlukanisa ibe yi-hypochlorite (ClO-) emanzini ngokuya ngokulingana okunqunywa inani le-pH.
- Isamba salezi zinhlobo ezi-2 sakha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-chlorine yamahhala. Emanzini ane-pH ephezulu, iningi le-hypochlorous acid (i-chlorine esebenzayo) iguqulwa ibe yi-hypochlorite ion (i-chlorine engenzeka), uhlobo lwe-chlorine olunamandla aphansi kakhulu okubulala amagciwane.
Izinga le-chlorine elifanelekile elihlanganisiwe
Yini ehlanganisiwe i-chlorine etholakalayo (CAC) noma ama-chloramine.
I-chlorine ehlanganisiwe ingumphumela wenhlanganisela ye-chlorine ne-ammonia kanye ne-nitrogenous organic matter equkethe amanzi.
- Uma ichibi lakho linokufundwa kwe-chlorine okuhlanganisiwe, kusho ukuthi inani le-chlorine emanzini lincishisiwe. Lokhu kungabangelwa izici eziningana, njengokuhwamuka, ukuchayeka elangeni, nababhukudi abangena echibini.
- I-chlorine ehlanganisiwe ingumphumela wenhlanganisela ye-chlorine ne-ammonia kanye ne-nitrogenous organic matter equkethe amanzi.
- Ingxenye ye-chlorine emanzini esabelayo futhi yahlanganiswa ne-ammonia, ukungcola okuqukethe i-nitrogen, nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezinjengomjuluko, umchamo, nokunye okulahlwayo okuvela kubabhukudi. Amanye ama-chloramine angabangela ukucasuka kwamehlo kanye nephunga le-chlorine.
- I-chlorine ehlanganisiwe ayinabungozi ekubhukudeni, kodwa ingabangela ukucasuka kwamehlo nesikhumba. Uma unokufundwa kwe-chlorine ehlanganisiwe echibini lakho, kufanele uthuse ichibi ukuze ukhuphule amazinga e-chlorine. Ungasebenzisa futhi okokucacisa ukuze usize ukususa noma yikuphi ukungcola okungase kubangele inkinga.
Yini ama-chloramines
I-Chloramine emachibini okubhukuda
I-Chloramine yaziwa nangokuthi i-chlorine ehlanganisiwe. I-chlorine ephelele iyisamba se-chlorine yamahhala ne-chlorine ehlanganisiwe. Izinga le-chlorine eliphelele kufanele lihlale lilingana noma libe likhulu kuneleveli ye-chlorine yamahhala.
Izinga Le-Chlorine Ehlanganisiwe Etholakalayo (CAC) noma ama-chloramine.
Ingakanani ichibi le-chlorine elihlanganisiwe
- Izinga le-chlorine yechibi elifanelekile elihlanganisiwe ngu-0,2 ppm.
Kuhlanganiswe imithetho esele ye-chlorine pool
- "I-chlorine ehlanganisiwe eyinsalela" ilawulwa yi-Royal Decree 742/2013, ebeka inani ≤ 0,6 Cl2mg/L futhi kuboniswa ukuthi uma idlula i-3 mg/L, umkhumbi kufanele uvalwe kuze kube yilapho inani livamile.
Izinga le-chlorine lamahhala emachibini okubhukuda
izinga le-chlorine lamahhala emachibini okubhukudaI-chlorine etholakalayo yamahhala (FAC).
Isamba se-chlorine + hypochlorous acid sakha lokho okubizwa nge-chlorine yamahhala.
I-Chlorine Etholakalayo Yamahhala (FAC). I-chlorine etholakala mahhala iwuhlobo lwe-chlorine olusebenza kakhulu olubulala amagciwane.
Iyini i-chlorine yamahhala esele
I-chlorine yamahhala eyinsalela iyinsalela ye-chlorine ehlala itholakala emanzini, ngemva kokuba ingxenye yayo isabela ohlelweni lokubulala amagciwane.
Ukuba khona kwe-chlorine yamahhala, kusukela ekuhlanzeni kuze kube sekupheleni kwamanethiwekhi, kuyasiqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi okuphuza ahlaselwe kahle amagciwane.
Ingxenye yengqikithi ye-chlorine esele emanzini ane-chlorine engazange isabele ngezinto ezingcolile futhi "ikhululekile" ukuya emsebenzini ibulala amagciwane nokunye ukungcola..
Emanzini ane-pH ephezulu, iningi le-hypochlorous acid (i-chlorine esebenzayo) iguqulwa ibe yi-hypochlorite ion (i-chlorine engenzeka), uhlobo lwe-chlorine olunamandla aphansi kakhulu okubulala amagciwane. i-hypochlorite.
Ingxenye yenani le-chlorine esele emanzini ane-chlorine engazange isabele ngezinto ezingcolile futhi "ikhululekile" ukuthi isebenze ukubulala amagciwane nokunye ukungcola. Qiniseka ukuthi ikhithi yakho yokuhlola ingakala i-FAC; eziningi zihlola kuphela i-chlorine ephelele.
Ichibi lamahhala le-chlorine lisezingeni elifanele
Izinga le-chlorine lamahhala emachibini okubhukuda ngu-0,6 - 1,5 ppm (izingxenye ngesigidi).
- Iwuhlobo lwesibulala-magciwane futhi olusebenzayo, kufanele lugcinwe kumanani alo aphezulu ukuze kutholwe amanzi afakwe isibulala-magciwane.
- Amazinga afanelekile ensalela ye-chlorine yamahhala asukela ku-0,6 – 1,5 ppm kanye nensalela yamahhala ye-bromine asukela ku-2 – 5 ppm emachibini okubhukuda kanye no-4 – 6 ppm ezipalini.
- I-World Health Organization isungula njengezinkomba ze-chlorine yamahhala phakathi kuka-0,5 no-0,2 milligrams ilitha lamanzi.
- Okokugcina, qaphela ukuthi uma amazinga engaphansi kuka-0,2 kuzoba lula ukwengeza i-chlorine eyengeziwe.
Isamba sezinga le-chlorine emachibini okubhukuda
Iyini i-chlorine ephelele
Ingqikithi ye-chlorine iyisamba se-chlorine etholakala mahhala kanye ne-chlorine ehlanganisiwe.
I-Total Pool Chlorine Dosage ibhekisela enanini le-chlorine elidingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe izinga elifiswayo lokubulala amagciwane kanye ne-oxidation echibini.
Isamba se-chlorine yamahhala + i-chlorine ehlanganisiwe yakha = i-chlorine ephelele.
- Ngakho-ke, i-chlorine ephelele iyisamba se-chlorine yamahhala kanye ne-chlorine ehlangene iphumela ku-chlorine ephelele.
- Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isamba se-chlorine akumele seqe ngaphezu kuka-0,6 mg/l wezinga le-chlorine eliyinsalela yamahhala.