Letamo la asiti ea cyanuric ke eng, mokhoa oa ho e theola, ho e phahamisa le ho e liehisa

En Ok Letamo Phetoho ka hare tataiso ea tlhokomelo ea metsi a letamo Re hlahisa sengoloa: Asiti ea cyanuric ke eng matamong a ho sesa.

Letamo la ho sesa la asiti ea cyanuric ke eng

Letamo la ho sesa le nang le lik'hemik'hale tsa cyanuric acid

Mokhoa oa asiti ea cyanuric

Ke mofuta ofe oa letamo la ho sesa la isocyanuric acid: Li-isocyanurics tsa chlorinated ke metsoako e fokolang ea acid e tsitsitseng ea chlorine (C₃H₃N₃O₃ ), ea ho qhibiliha ho lekanyelitsoeng metsing (chemical additive) e kenyelletsoeng ho tsitsisa chlorine metsing.

Ke eng e bitsoang cyanuric acid (CYA)?

Isocyanuric acid: ke eng, 'me e sebelisetsoa eng letamong la rona?

Indasteri ea letamo, cyanuric acid e tsejoa e le chlorine stabilizer kapa pool conditioner.

Ka holim'a tsohle, Cyanuric Acid Stabilizer bakeng sa matamo a ho sesa e lekanyetsa ho bola ha chlorine ke mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet, ho thibela hore e se ke ea monngoa kapele le hore metsi a letamo a se ke a felloa ke sebolaea likokoana-hloko..

Mabitso a fanoeng ho isocyanuric acid (CYA)

Ke mekhoa efe e meng ea ho bitsa isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa a teng?

Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, isocyanuric acid (CYA), e boetse e tsejoa ka lebitso la: cyanuric acid, isocyanuric acid, CYA, chlorine stabilizer bakeng sa matamo a ho sesa kapa conditioner le chlorine mosireletsi.

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Ke hobane'ng ha asiti ea isocyanuric e hlokahala matamong a ho sesa?

Letamo la ho sesa la isocyanuric acid le hlokahala bakeng sa eng?

Ka hona, cyanuric acid e hlokahala ho tsitsisa chlorine metsing.

• Cyanuric acid ke k'hemik'hale e ntlafatsang nako le katleho ea chlorine ka letamong la ka ntle. Sena se sebetsa ka tsela e ts'oanang le "setlolo se sireletsang letsatsi", empa bakeng sa chlorine, kaha se thibela ho hlapolloa le ho boloka letamo le hloekile nako e telele.

Ke hobane'ng ha letamo la hau le hloka cyanuric acid?

Li-Isocyanuric acid tse ikemiselitseng ho hloekisa metsi a letamo

Ka hona, letamo la ho sesa la chlorinated isocyanuric acid le tsitsitse metsoako ea chlorineLi sebelisoa hangata joalo ka letamo la ka ntle la chlorine stabilizer ho etsa ts'oaetso ea letamo la kantle.

Sianuric acid ke k'hemik'hale e ntlafatsang bophelo bo bolelele le katleho ea chlorine ka letamong la kantle. E sebetsa joalo ka "setlolo se sireletsang letsatsi" bakeng sa chlorine, e sireletsa chlorine hore e se ke ea hlapolloa 'me e thusa ho boloka letamo la hau le hloekile nako e telele.

Sianuric acid ka matamong a ho sesa a bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea letamo

• Palo ea asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong la hau e ama haholo ts'ebetso ea chlorine ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko, oxidation, le litekanyetso tsa thibelo ea algae.
• Liphuputso le lipatlisiso li bontša seo Boemo ba ORP ho fokotseha ha cyanuric acid e eketseha (e bontšang hore katleho ea chlorine e fokotseha).
• Ka lebaka la hore asiti ea cyanuric ha e fetohe mouoane kapa ha e theohe, maemo a lula a eketseha, 'me beng ba matamo a nako e eketsehileng ba tlameha ho hula letamo la bona.

Ha acid e sa hlokahale

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, cyanuric acid ka matamo a ho sesa ha e hlokahale maemong, mohlala:

• Matamo a ka tlung, Jacuzzi, letamo la ka tlung, matamo a brominated kapa mekhoa e meng ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko (ka lebaka la hore chlorine e ke ke ea senngoa ke mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet).

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Asiti ea cyanuric e sebetsa joang matamong a ho sesa?

Karabelo ka metsing a letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid

Isocyanuric acid (CYA), eo hape e bitsoang stabilizer kapa conditioner, e sireletsa chlorine mahlaseling a letsatsi.

Empa CYA ke sabole e sehang ka nģa tse peli e nang le tšusumetso e kholo ho sebetsa ha chlorine le ho thibela likokoana-hloko. Ho bohlokoa haholo ho e boloka bonyane hoo re ileng ra etsa qeto ea ho sebelisa CYA tšiea ea rona ea bone ea tlhokomelo e matla ea letamo.

CYA ke k'hemik'hale eo, ha e kenngoa metsing a letamo, e theha maqhama a fokolang le chlorine ea mahala, e e tsitsisa.

• Pele ho tsohle, cyanuric acid ke mofuta oa metsoako ea lik’hemik’hale e bitsoang triazine, e bolelang feela hore e na le liathomo tse tharo tsa nitrogen le liathomo tse tharo tsa carbon.
• Li-triazine tse ling li kenyelletsa li-polyurethane resin, li-herbicides le li-disinfectants. Asiti ea cyanuric ke selelekela sa lintho tseo, ho bolelang hore seo u se kenyang ka letamong la hau ha se ntho e ts'oanang le lits'ebetsong tse ling.
• CYA ke k'hemik'hale eo ha e kenngoa metsing a letamo e theha maqhama a fokolang le chlorine e sa lefelloeng, ho e tsitsisa, kahoo e fokotsa tahlehelo e bakoang ke khanya ea ultraviolet e tsoang letsatsing.

Molek'hule ea isocyanuric acid e joang?

Molek'hule ea asiti ea isocyanuric ke hexagon e nang le liathomo tsa nitrogen le carbon tse fapanyetsanang. E lumella limolek'hule tse tharo tsa chlorine hore li khomarele naetrojene, li etsa bond e fokolang ea nitrogen-chlorine (N-Cl). Hobane tlamo ea N-Cl e fokola, e lumella chlorine ho lokolla CYA ha e e-na le ho hong ho oxidize kapa ho bolaea. Leha ho le joalo, ha e tlameletsoe ho CYA, chlorine e sirelelitsoe mahlaseling a letsatsi. Isocyanuric acid ke mofuta oa setlolo se sireletsang letsatsi bakeng sa chlorine.

Rea tseba hore bond ea nitrogen-chlorine (N-Cl) e fokola hobane chlorine e tlanngoeng e ntse e hlaha tekong ea mahala ea chlorine. Haeba tlamahano e ne e le matla, joalo ka li-chloramine le lihlahisoa tse ling tse bolaeang likokoana-hloko, chlorine e ne e tla hlaha feela tlhahlobong eohle ea chlorine, eseng chlorine ea mahala.

Letamo la cynuric acid le sebetsa joang?

Isocyanuric Acid (boleng ba parametric: 75 mg/ L)

Isocyanuric acid ke sehlahisoa se entsoeng ho tsoa ho tse tsoang ho cyanuric acid. E sebelisoa matamong a nang le likokoana-hloko ka chlorine, haholo-holo a sebelisang matlapa a chlorine kapa mefuta e meng, eo stabilizer ea eona e leng trichloroisocyanuric acid (chloroisocyanurates kapa organic chlorine) mme mosebetsi oa eona ke ho thibela mahlaseli a UV a tsoang letsatsing ho senya masala a chlorine. .

Asiti ea Trichloroisocyanuric e bola butle, e etsa hypochlorous acid (e setseng chlorine) e tla sebetsa joalo ka sebolaea likokoana-hloko ka letamong ka ho kopana le lintho tse phelang, e siea isocyanuric acid e le masala:

Chlorine ke ea nakoana ka tlhaho, ka hona u tlameha ho e sebelisa ha nako e ntse e feta. Empa ho fapana le seo motho a ka se lumelang, nako le nako ha re tšela matlapa ana ka letamong, motsoako oa isocyanuric acid oa eketseha; ka tsela ena asiti ena e bokellana, pH ea metsi e fokotseha 'me e thibela hypochlorous acid ho sebetsa ka katleho ho likokoana-hloko.

1. Pele, bolela seo eIsocyanuric acid e amahanngoa le karolo ea chlorine ea mahala, 'me e e boloka ka ho tsitsisa limolek'hule tsa eona, ka hona, ho feta eng kapa eng, Ho bohlokoa bakeng sa letamo leha e le lefe le ka ntle, hobane mosebetsi oa lona ke ho thibela ho bola ka mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet. .
2. Ho feta eng kapa eng, ho joalo thibela ho tsoa ka potlako ha chlorine khahlanong le mahlaseli a kotsi.
3. Ka bokhutšoane, ha re hlokomele hore chlorine e bolile kapele hakana
4. .Holim'a moo, E thusa ho theola boemo ba PH.
5. Kahoo, ka sehlahisoa sena sa matamo a ho sesa re fumana chelete ea ho boloka lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale, le gre netefatsa hore metsi ha a na tšoaetso le ka tsela e ts'oanang le tekanyo ea eona, 
6. Ho phaella moo, nyenyefatsa boinehelo ba ho phekolo ea metsi a letamo.
7. Qetellong, e boetse e etsoa lithunthung tsa algal li fokotseha khafetsa, kaha e boloka chlorine e sebetsa nako e telele.

Letamo la ho sesa la Isocyanuric acid: le bohlokoa ka ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka chlorine

Letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid: le qobelloa ka kalafo ea chlorine

Re hopola hore asiti ea isocyanuric e hlokahala feela ha ho sebelisoa chlorine, kaha ha e sireletse bromine kapa likokoana-hloko tse ling.

Ho feta eng kapa eng, Ho bohlokoa bakeng sa letamo leha e le lefe le ka ntle, hobane mosebetsi oa lona ke ho thibela ho bola ka mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet. .

Le hore ke feela bakeng sa matamo a ka ntle, kaha khalase, polycarbonates, joalo-joalo, li hloekisa mahlaseli a letsatsi a UV, ka hona ha ho hlokahale matamong a ka hare.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, hopola hore cyanuric acid ka matamo a ho sesa Hape hoa hlokahala tabeng ea ho sebelisa chlorinator ea letsoai.

Isocyanuric acid (CYA) e sebetsa e le tšireletso khahlanong le chlorine khahlanong le khanya ea letsatsi. 

Mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet a pshatla chlorine kapele haholo, e leng se bakang bothata bakeng sa matamo a ka ntle.

• Pele, Chlorine e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa katleho ea eona ea ho bolaea baktheria le ho etsa hore e se be kotsi.
• Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang chlorine e tla bolaea likokoana-hloko tse tsoang metsing tseo batho ba sesang ba li tlisang ka metsing, ho akarelletsa likokoana-hloko, libaktheria le likokoana-hloko.
• Ka lebaka lena, tšebeliso ea chlorine e thibela mafu.
• Ka ho ts'oana, lecyanuric acid, eo hape e tsejoang e le conditioner kapa stabilizer, e sireletsa chlorine letsatsing, empa e boetse e fokotsa nako ea ho itšoara ha chlorine.

Na see se bolela hore u tiiselitsoe hore u tla sesa ntle le ho kula ho hang?

Ka mefuta e fapaneng ea likokoanyana, libaktheria le likokoana-hloko lefatšeng, ho na le tse ling tse ka bang le mamello e phahameng ea chlorine metsing a letamo. Ha e le hantle, ho na le tse ling tse khonang ho mamella chlorine ka nako e telele. Ka hona, likokoana-hloko tsena tsa letamo li ntse li ka ba bothata ho motho leha e le ofe ea sesang.

Hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa ioscyanuric acid ka kalafo ea setso ea chlorine

Litlamorao tsa Isocyanuric ho chlorine ea letamo: Ho hakanngoa hore metsi a matamo a pepeselitsoeng letsatsing a lahleheloa ke hoo e ka bang 35% ea chlorine ka hora.

• Hypochlorous acid (chlorine) ke sebolaea-mafu se tloaelehileng haholo se sebelisoang matamong a ho sesa, ka lebaka la katleho ea sona e kholo joalo ka sebolaea-mafu.
• Leha ho le joalo, tabeng ea matamo a ka ntle, chlorine e atisa ho senyeha ka lebaka la mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet mme e lahleheloa ke matla a eona a ho bolaea likokoana-hloko. Taba ena e hloka tlatsetso e tsoelang pele ea biocide, e le ho boloka maemo a lekaneng a ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.
• Empa ketso ea mahlaseli a letsatsi ho chlorine e ka fokotsoa ke asiti ea isocyanuric.
• Ka lebaka leo, letamo la cyanuric e ntse e le motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o kenyelletsoeng ho tsitsisa hypochlorous acid ka metsing. Ka tsela ena, tšebeliso ea sebolaea likokoana-hloko ea fokotseha, 'me phello ea eona e nka nako e telele. 

Lintlha tse mabapi le ho tšoarella ha chlorine metsing a letamo

• Ntlha ea pele, liphuputso li bontša hore khanya ea letsatsi e ka tlosa 75-90% ea chlorine nakong ea lihora tse peli.
• Halofo ea bophelo ba chlorine, ha e pepesetsoa letsatsing le tobileng, e ka ba metsotso e 45.
• ho joalo Seo se bolela hore halofo ea chlorine e felile ka mor'a metsotso e 45. Metsotso e meng e 45 le halofo e 'ngoe ea chlorine e tla be e felile. Joalo joalo.
• Ntle ho moo, CYA e ama metsi ka litsela tse ngata hoo re ka beng re lematsa letamo ka ho teba haeba re ka iphapanyetsa eona.
• Ka lebaka la sena, ho hlokahala chlorine stabilizer; ho seng joalo u tla be u sebelisa (le ho lahleheloa ke) chlorine letsatsi lohle, letsatsi le leng le le leng. .

Tafole ea papiso ea tšebeliso ea isocyanuric hammoho le chlorine

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Asiti ea Isocyanuric ha e nyamele

E 'ngoe ea litšobotsi tsa isocyanuric acid ke hore ha e fokotsehe.

Ho molemo, hobane ka tsela eo ha re sebelise chelete ho eketsa lik'hemik'hale, empa hang ha tekanyo e nepahetseng e fihlile, ha ho sa lokela ho eketsoa.

• Haeba letamo le na le bongata bo bongata ba asiti ea isocyanuric, tsela feela ea ho e theola ke ho ntsha letamo ho fihlela o na le boemo ba sepheo.
• Asiti ea Isocyanuric ha e fetohe mouoane ka metsi (ka hona ha ho hlokahale ho e nkela sebaka ka lebaka la tahlehelo ea mouoane).
• E tla tlameha ho nkeloa sebaka feela ha re tšolla metsi ka letamong, (ka litlhatsoana, metsi a lahleloang ke batho ba hlapang, kapa ha re hloekisa bokatlase ka sehloekisi sa letamo le sefe mokgweng o se nang letho).

Kotsi: matlapa a chlorine, chlorine e potlakileng le asiti ea isocyanuric

Haeba esale u hokahanya lintlha, u fihletse e 'ngoe ea liqeto tsa bohlokoahali: haeba u sebelisa matlapa a chlorine, chlorine e potlakileng, chlorine ea granulated, joalo-joalo. u tla lula u eketsa asiti ea isocyanuric metsing, 'me kapele kapa hamorao chlorine e tla lahleheloa ke katleho..

Ehlile, haeba ho 50 ppm u na le 1% feela ea chlorine e sebetsang e setseng, e nang le matla a oxidizing, maemong a holimo chlorine e se e hlakotsoe ka botlalo. 'Me ho fihla 50 ppm ka matlapa a chlorine ho bonolo haholo, ka 5 Kg u ka be u se u e fihletse. Ho tloha ka nako eo, ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe eo ue lahlelang ka letamo ke veneno bakeng sa yona. Chlorine ha e sa tla hlola e e-ba le phello, esita le haeba u e-na le likhahla tse ngata tsa chlorine, 'me ka ho se bolaee likokoana-hloko u ka fumana tšoaetso habonolo, mohlala folliculitis, dermatitis, otitis e ka ntle, letšollo haeba u metsa metsi, joalo-joalo.

Letamong leha e le lefe le nang le lerōle kapa matlapa a chlorine, ho tloaelehile haholo ho bona likhahla tsa 100 ppm, 150 ppm kapa ho feta tsa isocyanuric acid. Ntle le haeba ba ntša metsi selemo se seng le se seng (e seng feela khahlanong le tikoloho, empa hape e theko e boima haholo). Letamo le nang le likhahla tsena le lokela ho koaloa bakeng sa ho hlapa.

Kamano pakeng tsa chlorine e sebetsang le isocyanuric acid

Joalokaha ho ka bonoa, ha palo ea isocyanuric acid e phahame, boemo ba chlorine e sebetsang bo lokela ho ba bo phahameng, kaha ea morao-rao e lahleheloa ke katleho. 'Me kamehla ntle le ho feta 50 ppm ea isocyanuric acid.

Ha ho na molao o tiileng oa kamano pakeng tsa asiti ea isocyanuric le chlorine, empa re ka re tumellano ke hore. boemo ba chlorine e lokela ho ba ka makhetlo a ka bang 15-20 ka tlase ho feta isocyanuric acid. Sena se bolela hore ho 30 ppm isocyanuric hangata ho khothaletsoa ho ba le 1,5 ppm chlorine, 'me ho 50 ppm boemo ba chlorine e lokela ho ba ho pota 3 ppm.

Maemo ana a chlorine a phahame hanyane ho feta maemo a tloaelehileng, hobane re se re buisane ka hore isocyanuric acid e thibela ketso ea chlorine e sebetsang. Empa ho sa tsotellehe boemo leha e le bofe ha ba feteletse maemo, kaha letamo le ka sebelisoa ho fihlela boemong ba chlorine ba 5 ppm. Leha ho le joalo, tekanyo e pakeng tsa 3,5 le 5 ppm ea chlorine e sebetsang (hypochlorous acid) e lokela ho boloka nako, ha e khothalletsoe ho boloka maemo a joalo a phahameng ka ho sa feleng.

"Tumellano" ena ea 1,5-3 ppm ea chlorine bakeng sa maemo a 30-50 ea cyanide ha e na maikutlo, e tšehetsoa ke mekhatlo le lithuto.

Ke hangata hakae cynuric acid e kenyelletsoang letamong la ho sesa?

U hloka CYA bakeng sa letamo la hau

• Joalokaha re se re boletse, palo ea CYA ha e tsamaee, kahoo e lula e le boemong bo lekanang ntle le haeba u tlameha ho etsa phetoho ea metsi kapa ho ba le ho qhalla ho hoholo kapa ho fetoha mouoane o mongata.
• Leha ho le joalo, dilution efe kapa efe ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha metsi, ho kenyelletsa le pula, e tla fokotsa khatello ea CYA.
• Kahoo mohlomong nako feela eo u tla hloka ho eketsa palo e kholo ea CYA ke ha u bula letamo la hau bakeng sa lehlabula.
• Ka mor'a moo, haeba u sebelisa bleach e tsitsitseng beke e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, u eketsa CYA e nyenyane nako le nako. Ntle le haeba ho na le tlatsetso e kholo kapa tahlehelo ea metsi, ke eona feela CYA eo u tla hloka ho e eketsa bakeng sa selemo.

U eketsa CYA joang letamong?

• CYA ke acid e matla haholo ka boeona, kahoo tsela e molemohali ea ho e eketsa ke ho e qhaqha ka nkhong ea metsi a futhumetseng. Ebe u reteleha 'me u tšollele tharollo feela ka har'a mathōko a letamo. Bakeng sa mabaka a tšireletso, roala liatlana le likhalase ha u kopanya.

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Ke mehato efe e meng ea tšireletso ha u sebelisa cyanuric acid?

U se ke ua sebelisa CYA bakeng sa matamo a ka hare.

Ba hlokomelisa hore e ka liehisa tšebetso ea chlorine ho bolaea likokoana-hloko. Sena se ka baka bothata lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tse phetheselang tsa metsi, moo likokoana-hloko li ka namang kapele ho feta kamoo chlorine e ka fihlang ho tsona. Ka hona, bakeng sa matamo a ka hare (kapa esita le ka ntle) a nang le sephethephethe se phahameng, ho ka ba molemo ho se sebelise CYA.
Polokeho e tla tla pele
Leha ho le joalo, litsebi tse ling ha li lumellane, li re bonyane palo e nyenyane ea CYA e molemo bakeng sa matamo a ka hare, haholo-holo a ka 'nang a pota-potiloe ke lifensetere tse lumellang letsatsi le leholo. U ka boela ua laola liphello tse hlephileng tsa chlorine moriring, letlalong le liaparong tsa ho sesa. Bakeng sa ba nang le kutloelo-bohloko ho nitrogen trichloride, CYA e fokotsa palo e fetohang moeeng, kahoo o sitoa ho e hema. Empa hape, sena se ka 'na sa e-ba molemo bakeng sa matamo a se nang sephethephethe se ngata' me kahoo a na le moroalo o tlaase oa likokoana-hloko.

U se ke ua sebelisa CYA ka libate tse chesang

CYA e nyane e ke ke ea utloisa bohloko, empa haeba maemo a phahame haholo, metsi a futhumetseng a ka fetoha sebaka se balehileng sa mefuta eohle ea lintho tse mpe. Bakeng sa molumo oo o monyenyane oa metsi, phetoho leha e le efe e nyenyane ea k'hemistri e ka ba kholo. Kahoo ho molemo HO SE sebelise stabilizer/chlorine e kopantsoeng. Khomarela lik'hemik'hale tse hloekileng, leka khafetsa, 'me u netefatse hore chlorine ea mahala e lula e le maemong a holimo ho lekana ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka linako tsohle.
Cryptosporidium - Likokoana-hloko tsena tse nyenyane haholo li fetisoa habonolo ka metsi, haholo-holo ha motho a etsa #2 ka letamong. Fecal matter e ka boela ea jara likokoana-hloko tse ling tse ngata, empa crypto e hanyetsana le chlorine ho feta likokoana-hloko tse ling. Ho ka nka lihora tse 12 hore boemo ba chlorine ba 20 ppm bo u bolaee. CYA e fokotsa ts'ebetso eo feela. Ke ka lebaka leo matamo a mangata a sechaba a sebelisang CYA e nyenyane kapa e se nang eona.
Haeba u na le bana ba banyenyane kapa bana ba bangata ba banyenyane ka letamong, boloka maemo a CYA bonyane. Joale ha motho a liha kota e nyenyane e sootho, ho tla ba bonolo ho hloekisa litšila.

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isocyanuric acid bophelo bo botle

Leha ho le joalo, haeba maemo a asiti ena a feta likarolo tse 80 ho milione (ppm), e ka baka kotsi ho feta botle.

Ho bohlokoa haholo ho boloka boleng ba letamo la cyanuric acid

• Leha ho le joalo, stabilizer ena ea chlorine ke lebaka la hore haeba boemo ba cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa bo phahame haholo, re tla ba le mathata 'me re ke ke ra khona ho thabela letamo la rona ka tloaelo.
• Li-strip tsa liteko ke tsela e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ea ho etsa tlhahlobo ea asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong la hau.
• Sianuric acid e hlahisoa ka ho eketsa chlorine stabilizer e nang le cyanuric acid.

• Haeba u hlapolla kapa u hula letamo la hau ho fokotsa maemo a lona, ​​​​kapa u sebelisa cyanuric acid reducer, u ka khutlisetsa tekanyo ea lik'hemik'hale habonolo ka letamong la hau.
• Empa hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore maemong a boima, tsela e le 'ngoe feela ea ho fokotsa cyanuric acid ke ho nkela metsi sebaka.

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Lipotso tse atisang ho botsoa mabapi le letamo la cyanuric acid

Mathata a Letamo la Isocyanide

Re rarolla lipotso tsohle mabapi le isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa

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Maemo a loketseng a cyanuric acid

Boleng bo loketseng ba cyanuric acid (chloramines)

Motsoako o nepahetseng oa cyanuric acid ka matamong a ho sesa o pakeng tsa 30 le 50 ppm. Le hoja Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo o fana ka maikutlo a hore maemo a cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa ha aa lokela ho feta 100 ppm. Spain, ho bile le tumellano le ba Molao-taelo oa Royal 742/2013 khothatso ea hore asiti ea cyanuric ka matamong a ho sesa e be ka tlase ho 75 ppm.

Re khothaletsa ho boloka cyanuric acid ea hau e le 50 ppm. Ntle le mathata a polokeho, khatello efe kapa efe e phahameng e tla thibela chlorine e lekaneng ho baka kholo ea algae le baktheria.

Hopola, CYA e eketsehileng ha e bolele tšireletso e eketsehileng ea UV.

Litlhaloso tsa maemo a lekaneng a cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa

Le hoja Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo o fana ka maikutlo a hore maemo a cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa ha aa lokela ho feta 100 ppm. Spain, ho bile le tumellano le ba Molao-taelo oa Royal 742/2013 khothatso ea hore asiti ea cyanuric ka matamong a ho sesa e be ka tlase ho 75 ppm.

Qeto e ile ea etsoa ho ipapisitsoe le maikutlo a hore bana ba kanna ba noa metsi mme ka hona ba metsa CYA e ngata mme ba kula.

Maemo a Cianuric Acid ka har'a Li-Hot Tubs

Ho fapana le matamo a ho sesa, ho ameha ka li-tubs tse chesang ke hore cyanuric acid e phahame haholo. Lebaka le leng ke hore asiti ea cyanuric e sireletsa chlorine e sa lefelloeng hore e se ke ea fetoha mouoane ha e pepesehela mahlaseli a kotsi. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, cyanuric acid e fokotsa lebelo leo chlorine ea mahala e bolaeang metsi ka eona.

Phello ena ea cushioning ha e na thuso matamong a ho sesa. Leha ho le joalo, libate tse chesang li atisa ho ba le lintho tse silafatsang tse ngata haholo hobane li na le palo e phahameng haholo ea batho ba hlapang, bao le bona ba fufulelang haholoanyane ka lebaka la mocheso oa metsi. Haeba maemo a cyanuric acid a phahame haholo, a ka etsa hore chlorine ea mahala e se ke ea sebetsa khahlano le libaktheria tsa Pseudomonas aeruginosa tse bolaeang likokoana-hloko (hot tub itch).

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Lebaka la tšebeliso ea asiti ea isocyanuric matamong a letsoai

Na ke hloka cyanuric acid ka letamong laka la metsi a letsoai?

Tlhokahalo ea Isocyanuric matangoaneng a metsi a letsoai

• Ha e le hantle, matamo a metsi a letsoai a ka boela a hloka stabilizer (cyanuric acid) ho thusa ho thibela mahlaseli a letsatsi a UV ho senya chlorine ea mahala ka letamong..
• Ka lebaka la seo, boemo ba cynuric acid ka letamo la metsi a letsoai e lokela ho ba ho pota 60-80ppm.
• Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, e le ntlha ea bohlokoa molemong oa tlhokomelo ea letamo la letsoai, ba boetse ba hloka hore pH e lula ho pota 7,2.

Maemo a isocyanuric acid e lokela ho ba afe matamong a letsoai?

Boleng ba asiti ea Isocyanuric matamong a letsoai

Boemo ba asiti ea cyanuric matamong a letsoai: Baetsi ba matamo a metsi a letsoai ba khothaletsa ho boloka maemo a asiti ea cyanuric ho pota 60-80 ppm. 'Me haeba u lula sebakeng seo letamo la hau le fumanang khanya e ngata ea letsatsi le tobileng, u ka' na ua nahana ka ho eketsa asiti ea cyanuric ho fihlela ho 80-100ppm.

Sena se hodimo hanyane ho feta sebaka sa 30 ho isa ho 50 ppm se kgothaletswang bakeng sa matamo a se nang metsi a letswai.

Maemo a asiti ea cyanuric matamong a letsoai

Ke hobane'ng ha ho hlokahala hore ho be le cyanuric acid e ngata matangoaneng a letsoai?

• Lebaka leo ka lona matamo a metsi a letsoai a hlokang maemo a phahameng a cyanuric acid le amana le tlhahiso ea lisele tsa letsoai ka botsona, kaha ka letamo la metsi a letsoai, ha u kenye chlorine ka kotloloho.

E le khopotso, letsoai ke sodium hypochlorite e kenang photolysis ka khanya ea ultraviolet.

• Ka hona, matamo a metsi a letsoai a khafisoa ka mokhoa o atlehileng habeli ke khanya ea letsatsi.
• Pele, hobane u tšela letsoai le tšeloang chlorine ka jenereithara ea metsi a letsoai [chlorine]
• 'Me, ea bobeli, ka mor'a hore chlorine e hlahisoe letsoai.

A na u ne u sa tsebe hore u lokela ho sebelisa cyanuric acid ka letamo la letsoai?

Ha e le hantle, ha ua lokela ho sebelisa matamo a tloaelehileng a chlorinated feela, kaha litsebi tse phahameng li khothalletsa 60-80 ppm cyanuric acid bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa bona tsa letsoai.

Ke hobane'ng ha ho feta CYA kapa Cyanuric Acid ka letamong la metsi a letsoai?

• Baetsi ba tsamaiso ea letsoai ba batla ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ho tloha seleng ea letsoai, ntle le ho loantša ho senyeha ha UV. Kaha asiti ea cyanuric e tlama chlorine, masala a chlorine a ka ikahela kapele.
• Leha ho le joalo, ha u sebelisa maemo a phahameng a CYA, ka holimo ho 50ppm, u tlameha hape ho boloka boemo bo phahameng ba chlorine bo sa lefelloeng, sebakeng sa 5ppm, ho lefella liphello tsa cyanuric acid ho chlorine.

Ke liphello life tseo keketseho ea CYA e nang le tsona matamong a letsoai?

Cyanuric acid e sireletsa chlorine letsatsing, empa e boetse e thibela mosebetsi oa chlorine; e fokotsa sekhahla sa ho shoa le litlamorao tsa ORP. Ka lebaka leo, matamo a mangata a sechaba a ntse a eketsa bonyane ba CF bakeng sa matamo a tšoaroang ka cyanuric acid kapa stabilizer. Sheba poso e fetileng ea blog mabapi le litefiso tsa ho tlosoa ha chlorine matamong a ho sesa.

Tataiso ea tlhokomelo ea metsi bakeng sa matamo a metsi a letsoai

Ka bokhutšoanyane, k'hemik'hale ea metsi ea matamo a metsi a letsoai ha e fapane haholo le ea matamo a matlapa a chlorine. Tsena ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa puisano.

• Boloka pH ea hau e le lipakeng tsa 7,4 le 7,6 le kakaretso ea alkalinity lipakeng tsa 60 le 80 ppm
• Tsetela ho anode ea sehlabelo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa tšepe kapa tsa majoe a bonolo
• Lekola le ho lokisa cyanuric acid ho latela likhothaletso tsa moetsi
• Qetellong, hokela ho Tataiso ea tlhokomelo ea metsi matamong a ho sesa.

PH ka letamong la metsi a letsoai
ph-rise-in-a-sal-water-poolKa letamong la metsi a letsoai, ha electrolysis e etsahala (ka hare ho phala), lihlahisoa ke hypochlorous acid, e nang le asiti e ngata (joalokaha u ka nahana), le sodium hydroxide e bohlokoa haholo. . Leha ho le joalo, li-acids le metheo e entsoeng ke sele ea hau ea letsoai e tla fokolisana ka phetoho e nyane haholo ea pH.

PH e eketsehileng e hlokometsoeng ke basebelisi ba bang ba li-chlorinator tsa letsoai e ka 'na ea e-ba phello ea ho lokolloa ha likhase tsa carbon dioxide ha metsi a ntse a phunyeletsa ka har'a sele ea letsoai ka tlhahiso ea haedrojene.

Karabo e bonolo ke hore matlapa a trichlor, a nang le pH e tlase haholo, a atisa ho hatella kapa ho theola maemo a pH ha nako e ntse e ea, 'me ha a le sieo, maemo a pH a tla phahama ka tlhaho.

Letsoai ke ntho e senyang, kahoo letsoai la tseleng mariha le baka mathata bakeng sa konkreite le tšepe.

Maemo a letsoai letamong la letsoai hangata a tlase haholo, ka tlase ho 3500 ppm. Empa esita le maemong a tlaase, galvanic corrosion e ka etsahala ka thepa ea tšepe e sa hloekang (li-filters, mabone, litepisi) tse sa tlamisoang hantle. Ho bola ho ka ama majoe a bonolo, a masoba le konkreite ho potoloha letamo.

Sehlabelo-anodes-bakeng sa-letsoai-matamoHo etsa joang? Tharollo e 'ngoe ke lisebelisoa tsa letamo tse entsoeng ka thermoplastics kapa bronze, kapa u ka thibela kutu ea galvanic ka anode ea sehlabelo. Li-anode tsa zinki li khomarela lere, leseli la letamo kapa skimmer, 'me lia itela, ho hula kutu hole le mehloli e meng ea tšepe e nang le matla a tlase a electrochemical.

Sianuric acid ka letamo la metsi a letsoai

Hobaneng ho feta CYA? Baetsi ba tsamaiso ea letsoai ba batla ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ho tloha seleng ea letsoai, ntle le ho loantša ho senyeha ha UV. Kaha asiti ea cyanuric e tlama chlorine, masala a chlorine a ka ikahela kapele.

Leha ho le joalo, ha u sebelisa maemo a phahameng a CYA, ka holimo ho 50ppm, u tlameha hape ho boloka boemo bo phahameng ba chlorine bo sa lefelloeng, sebakeng sa 5ppm, ho lefella liphello tsa cyanuric acid ho chlorine.

cyanuric-acid-protects – PM image made by Intheswim Na u ne u sa tsebe hore u tlameha ho sebelisa cyanuric acid (Stabilizer kapa Conditioner) ka letamong la letsoai? Ebile, ha oa lokela ho sebelisa feela matamo a chlorine ka matlapa a Trichlor. Ka bobeli Hayward le Pentair ba khothaletsa 60-80 ppm cyanuric acid bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa bona tsa letsoai.

Hobaneng ho feta CYA? Baetsi ba tsamaiso ea letsoai ba batla ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ho tloha seleng ea letsoai, ntle le ho loantša ho senyeha ha UV. Kaha asiti ea cyanuric e tlama chlorine, masala a chlorine a ka ikahela kapele.

Leha ho le joalo, ha u sebelisa maemo a phahameng a CYA, ka holimo ho 50ppm, u tlameha hape ho boloka boemo bo phahameng ba chlorine bo sa lefelloeng, sebakeng sa 5ppm, ho lefella liphello tsa cyanuric acid ho chlorine.

Tafole ea matšeliso ea asiti ea cyanuric bakeng sa chlorine - Intheswim ImageLiphello life? Cyanuric acid e sireletsa chlorine letsatsing, empa e boetse e thibela mosebetsi oa chlorine; e fokotsa sekhahla sa ho shoa le litlamorao tsa ORP. Ka lebaka leo, matamo a mangata a sechaba a ntse a eketsa bonyane ba CF bakeng sa matamo a tšoaroang ka cyanuric acid kapa stabilizer. Sheba poso e fetileng ea blog mabapi le litefiso tsa ho tlosoa ha chlorine matamong a ho sesa.
Lintlha tse ling mabapi le mongolo oa mohloliHo tseba haholoanyane ka phetolelo, mongolo oa mohloli oa hlokahala
Romella maikutlo
Liphanele tsa lateral

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Cyanuric acid: tekanyo e hlokomolohuoang tlhokomelong ea letamo la ho sesa

Letamo la Cynuric acid: boleng bo sa tsejoeng bo teng hoo e batlang e le matamo ohle

Isocyanuric acid: tekanyo ea lik'hemik'hale ea letamo la ho sesa le lebetsoeng

E boetse e lokela ho hatisoa hore cyanuric acid ka matamong a ho sesa, (C₃H₃N₃O₃ ) ha e tsejoe hakaalo ke beng ba matamo a ikemetseng E bile ha e boleloe ka seoelo mabenkeleng a khethehileng a matamo ho sa tsotellehe bohlokoa ba eona.

Letamo la ho sesa la Isocyanuric acid: le teng ho 80% ea matamo a ho sesa

Hoo e ka bang 80% ea matamo a poraefete a tšeloa likokoana-hloko ka matlapa a chlorine a entsoeng ka trichloroisocyanuric acid.

Lintlha tse nepahetseng mabapi le ho thibela likokoana-hloko ka metsi a letamo

Tataiso ea ho boloka metsi ka letamo la ho sesa

Ka mor'a moo, re u fa sehokelo sa ho Tataiso ea ho boloka metsi ka letamo la ho sesa, haeba u batla ho kena u tla bona hore leqepheng leo ho buuoang ka lona re nahanisisa ka ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e buang ka tlhokomelo ea kamehla ea letamo: ho thibela likokoana-hloko ka metsi, ho hloekisa metsi, ho hloekisa letamo le tlhokomelo ea letamo la metsi.

Maemo a loketseng a ho thibela likokoana-hloko metsing a matamo

• pH: 7,2-7,6. (likarolo tse amanang: mokhoa oa ho phahamisa pH ea letamo y mokhoa oa ho theola letamo).
• Kakaretso ea boleng ba chlorine: 1,5ppm.
• Boleng ba mahala ba chlorine: 1,0-2,0ppm
• Chlorine e setseng kapa e kopantsoeng: 0-0,2ppm
• Boleng bo nepahetseng ba ORP (redox ea letamo): 650mv -750mv.
• Sianuric acid: 0-75ppm
• Ho thatafala ha metsi a letamo: 150-250ppm
• Alkalinity ea metsi a letamo 125-150ppm
• Moferefere oa letamo (-1.0),
• Li-phosphates tsa letamo (-100 ppb)

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Index ea litaba tsa maqephe: Asiti ea cyanuric matamong a ho sesa

1. Letamo la ho sesa la asiti ea cyanuric ke eng
2. Maemo a loketseng a cyanuric acid
3.  tekanyo ea isocyanuric acid
4. Ke hobane'ng ha letamo la hau le hloka cyanuric acid?
5. Liphello tsa ho se leka-lekane ha cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa
6. Mokhoa oa ho fetola boleng ba cyanuric acid
7. Thibela ho phahama ha letamo la ho sesa le nang le asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric
8. Tharollo ea ho theola letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid holimo haholo
9. Mokhoa oa ho tlosa cyaniric acid ka metsing a letamo?
10. Sheba hore na asiti ea cyanuric e theohile ka mor'a hore pula e ne
11. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa asiti ea cyaniric hanyenyane matamong a ho sesa
12. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa cyanuric acid

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tekanyo ea isocyanuric acid

Mokhoa oa ho lekola asiti ea cyanuric

Ho fapana le chlorine ea mahala, maemo a cyanuric acid a tlameha ho lula a le maemong a letsatsi le letsatsi. Mokhelo e ka ba haeba ho na le sefefo se matla sa pula nakong eo letamo la hau le siuoang le sa koaheloa. Pula e tla kenya metsi a mangata a hloekileng ka letamong la hau, a ka fokotsang bongata ba cyanuric acid. U lokela ho lula u leka k'hemistri ea hau ea letamo ka mor'a ketsahalo e joalo.
Li-strip tsa liteko ke mokhoa o bonolo ka ho fetisisa oa ho etsa tlhahlobo ea cyanuric acid. Ho bohlokoa ho fumana lithupa tsa tlhahlobo tse kenyelletsang tlhahlobo ea asiti ea cyanuric, haholoholo haeba u na le bate e chesang. Bakeng sa tlhahisoleseding e eketsehileng mabapi le hore na ke hobane'ng ha ho le bohlokoa ho boloka maemo a cyanuric acid a le tlaase ka har'a libapeng tse chesang, bona Ke Efe Boemo bo Nepahetseng ba Cyanuric Acid bakeng sa Matamo le Litubu Tse Chesang?

Ho lekola maemo a asiti ea cyanuric ka mohala oa teko, latela litaelo tse ho kit strip ea liteko. Ka kakaretso, o tla hloka ho qoelisa mohala ka letamong la hau bakeng sa palo e fokolang ea metsotsoana. Joale o tla hloka ho ema nako e itseng hore metsi a itšoare ka li-reagents tse holim'a strip. Qetellong, o tla bapisa 'mala oa sekhechana sa tlhahlobo ea asiti ea cyanuric le mefuta e mengata ea mebala e sephutheloana sa liteko ho fumana khakanyo ea palo ea asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong la hau.

U ka sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ho lekola chlorine ea hau ea mahala le maemo a pH. Teko ea teko le eona e ka tla le tlhahlobo ea cyanide. Leha ho le joalo, cyanuric acid ha e bohlokoa haholo ho lekanya ka nepo ho feta chlorine ea mahala kapa pH. Hape ha ho hlokahale hore u e leke hangata joalo. Hang ka beke ho lekane. Ka hona, lithapo tsa liteko li lokela ho lekana litlhoko tse ngata tsa beng ba matamo le litsebi tsa letamo ka ho tšoanang.

Metara ea Isocyanuric acid e nang le likhoele tsa liteko

Lekanya asiti ea isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa ka tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo

Li-strip tsa liteko ke mokhoa o bonolo ka ho fetisisa oa ho etsa tlhahlobo ea cyanuric acid.

E na le likarolo tsa tlhahlobo ea boleng ba metsi

• Ho bohlokoa ho bolela hore tlhahlobo ea boleng ba metsi e hlobolisa Li sebelisetsoa matamo a ho sesa le li-spas hammoho le li-jacuzzi.
• Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, li na le thuso ebile li sebetsa ho tloha ka nako eo Li re fa sampole e le 'ngoe: tekanyo ea chlorine e felletseng, chlorine / bromine ea mahala, pH, alkalinity e felletseng, asiti ea cyanuric le boima bo felletseng.
• Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, letamo le mefuta e mengata ea liteko tsa cyanuric acid li bonolo haholo ho li sebelisa 'me u lekola sephetho kapele haholo, Ho latela mohlala, nako ea ho ema e pakeng tsa metsotsoana e 5 -15.
• 'Me, ka bokhutšoanyane, letamo la tlhahlobo ea asiti ea isocyanuric le fana ka sephetho ka mokhoa o hlakileng haholo.

Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa mochini oa liteko ho lekanya asiti ea isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa

Mokhoa oa ho etsa tlhahlobo ea asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong

Reka likhoele tsa tlhahlobo ea metsi tse sebetsang ka bongata le tsa cyanuric acid

Theko ea ho sesa analytical test strips

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Lekanya asiti ea isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa ka photometer

photometer ea letamo

Photometer ea letamo la ho sesa: E laola cyanuric acid ka matamong a ho sesa

Ka tsela ena, ho laola maemo a cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa re tla sebelisa photometer, e leng tsela e molemo ka ho fetisisa ea ho laola boemo ba cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa le likarolo tsohle tse ka sehloohong tsa boleng ba metsi ka mefuta e mengata e nepahetseng le e sebetsang hantle.

Li-photometer li etselitsoe ho nolofatsa, ho loketse basebelisi bohle le ho fana ka theknoloji e tšepahalang haholo.

Photometer ea letamo e lekanya eng?

Pele ho tsohle, hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore li-photometer tsa letamo li bonolo haholo ho li sebelisa, ho laola le ho li laola.

'Me ea bobeli, ho itšetlehile ka mohlala ba ka fana ka mefuta e mengata ea liphello tse nepahetseng tsa letamo la metsi, tse kang:. Chlorine, pH, Alkalinity, Cyanuric Acid, Bromine, Chlorine Dioxide, Active Oxygen (MPS), Hydrogen Peroxide, Ozone, Total Thatness, le Calcium Hardness.

Litšobotsi tsa fotometer ea letamo la Scuba

• Pele ho tsohle, fotometer ea letamo la Scuba e na le casing e ergonomic, e sa keneleng metsi, e matla le e phaphametseng.
• Taba ea bobeli, sehlahisoa se na le skrine ea dijithale e nang le boholo bo botle bo lumellang ho boha kapele le ha bonolo.
• Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e na le degree ea insulation ea IP-68
• 'Me ho feta moo, ho reriloe hore ho hlokahala feela ho lekanya sesebelisoa ka lekhetlo la pele ha se sebelisoa.

Reka pool photometer

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Thupelo ea video photometer scuba ii

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1. Letamo la ho sesa la asiti ea cyanuric ke eng
2. Maemo a loketseng a cyanuric acid
3.  tekanyo ea isocyanuric acid
4. Ke hobane'ng ha letamo la hau le hloka cyanuric acid?
5. Liphello tsa ho se leka-lekane ha cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa
6. Mokhoa oa ho fetola boleng ba cyanuric acid
7. Thibela ho phahama ha letamo la ho sesa le nang le asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric
8. Tharollo ea ho theola letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid holimo haholo
9. Mokhoa oa ho tlosa cyaniric acid ka metsing a letamo?
10. Sheba hore na asiti ea cyanuric e theohile ka mor'a hore pula e ne
11. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa asiti ea cyaniric hanyenyane matamong a ho sesa
12. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa cyanuric acid

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Ke eng e bakang maemo a phahameng a cyanric acid?

Haeba u eketsa chlorine metsing, ho ka etsahala hore ebe u eketsa cyanuric acid hammoho le eona.

Lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa chlorine, tse kang trichlor kapa dichlor granules kapa matlapa, li tsejoa e le lihlahisoa tse tsitsitseng tsa chlorine.

Sena se bolela hore ba se ba ntse ba tla le CYA.

Nako le nako ha u eketsa chlorine letamong la hau, u eketsa cyanuric acid.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, chlorine e sa tsitsang, e kang chlorine ea metsi, ha e kenyelle CYA. U ka ithuta ho eketsehileng ka phapang pakeng tsa chlorine e tsitsitseng le e sa tsitsang mona. ka tlase ho leqephe lona lena

Haeba o hloka ho eketsa CYA letamong la hau, e ka rekoa e le sehlahisoa se arohaneng. Hangata e bitsoa pool stabilizer kapa pool conditioner (re tla khothaletsa sehlahisoa hamorao).

Lekola palo ea letamo la isocyanuric acid

Ela hloko feela hore na u eketsa cyanuric acid e kae metsing. Ho thata haholo ho theola maemo a CYA haeba a phahame haholo. 'Me asiti ea cyanuric ha e fetohe mouoane kapa ha e robehe joaloka chlorine, kahoo e tla lula ka har'a metsi a letamo la hau. E ka ba ea lula tsamaisong ea hau ea filtration le samente ea letamo.

Ke eng e bakang asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric?

Monehelo o atileng haholo maemong a phahameng a CYA ke chlorine e tsitsitseng. Klorine e tsitsitseng e tla le palo e nyane ea CYA, e thusang ho sireletsa sanitizer ea hau hore e se ke ea senngoa ke letsatsi.

Boholo ba matlapa a chlorine kapa li-granules tsa chlorine li entsoe ka dichlor e tsitsitseng le trichlor. Kahoo ha o eketsa ponto ea trichlor chlorine letamong la lilithara tse 10,000, o ka eketsa boemo ba CYA ka 6 ppm. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, calcium hypochlorite chlorine (lime-hypo), lithium hypochlorite chlorine, le bleach ea metsi ha li tsitse. Tsena li ke ke tsa eketsa maemo a hau a CYA.

Ha u ntse u eketsa chlorine e tsitsitseng metsing, maemo a cyanuric acid a ka eketseha ha nako e ntse e feta, leha maemo a chlorine a ntse a fetoha ho ea holimo le tlaase. Ke hobane ha metsi a fetoha mouoane ho tsoa letamong, asiti ea cyanuric e sala ka metsing. Kahoo ha o ntse o leka ho theola maemo a cyanuric acid, emisa ho eketsa chlorine e tsitsitseng.

Leha ho le joalo, ha se bohle ba lokelang ho ameha ka maemo a phahameng a CYA. Haeba u na le letamo le ntšang metsi le ho tlatsa letamo la hau selemo se seng le se seng kapa haeba u e-na le letamo la ka tlung, mohlomong ha ua lokela ho tšoenyeha ka ho bokellana ha cyanuric acid. Empa haeba u na le letamo la ka ntle le lulang le bulehile selemo ho pota mme le sa na pula e ngata, o tla hloka ho beha leihlo maemo a hau a CYA.

Ho etsahala'ng haeba boemo ba CYA bo phahame haholo?

Haeba u fumana hore boemo ba CYA bo phahame haholo, sheba mofuta oa chlorine oo u o eketsang. Haeba e tsitsitse chlorine, e boetse e na le CYA. Empa kaofela ha tsona li ngotsoe ka tsela e fapaneng, kahoo ka linako tse ling ho thata ho li bolela. Sheba leibole ea metsoako. Haeba u bona e 'ngoe ea lik'hemik'hale tsena, ua tseba hore e na le CYA:

trichloroisocyanurate
sodium dichloroisocyanurate
potassium dichloroisocyanurate
U lokela ho hlahloba maemo a lik'hemik'hale ka letamong la hau
Seo u tla hloka ho se etsa hona joale ke ho fetohela ho chlorine e se nang CYA ho thibela maemo ho nyoloha. Haeba u etsa phetoho 'me u fumana CYA e ntse e le holimo haholo, e lumelle hore e phatlohe hanyenyane ebe e fetoha mouoane, ebe u tlatsa letamo ka metsi a hloekileng ho hlapolla maemo a CYA.

Haeba CYA e phahame haholo, letamo la hau le ka 'na la hloka ho tšolloa le ho tlatsoa hape. Empa kamehla leka CYA ka mor'a ho tlatsa pele u eketsa ho feta. Sena se bakoa ke hore CYA e ka lula ka har'a sistimi ea filthara ea letamo, hammoho le samente le sekala sa calcium. Mme se setseng se ka ba ngata kapa sa feta seo o se hlokang.

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Liphello tsa ho se leka-lekane ha cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa

Liphello tse phahameng tsa letamo la cyanuric acid

Asiti ea cyanuric e tlameha ho tlosoa ka maemo a lekaneng

Laola maemo a loketseng a cyanric acid ka letamong la ho sesa

Boemong ba bophelo bo botle, ho thehiloe hore litekanyo tsa cyanuric ka letamo la ho sesa li ke ke tsa feta 100 ppm ho thibela mafu a ka mpeng, lekhopho la letlalo le mafu a mang. Kotsi ea boleng

Leha cyanuric acid e fana ka boemo bo tlase ba chefo ntle le mathata a tebileng a bophelo bo botle, Ho ba le tekanyo e phahameng ea k'hemik'hale ena ka letamong ho beha batho kotsing ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha matla a chlorine ho bolaea libaktheria le likokoana-hloko.

Ho sa tsotellehe mathata ana a ntseng a tsoela pele, indasteri ha e e-s'o fumane mokhoa o bolokang chelete le o sireletsehileng oa tikoloho ho lokisa bothata bona.

Leha ho le joalo, cyanuric acid e boetse e etsa hore chlorine ea mahala e se sebetse, e fokotsa phello ea eona ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko. Ha cyanuric acid e le ka holimo ho 70 mg/l, chlorine ea mahala ha e sa tla hlola e bolaea likokoana-hloko ho hang. Ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho feteletseng ho ka ba ha hlahisa metsi a matala!

Litekanyetso tse phahameng li HARMFUL asiti ea cyanric

HO KHOTSA: Haeba asiti ea isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa e kaholimo ho 75 ppm, ha rea ​​​​lokela ho sesa ho eona ebe re koala letamo.

Ka mohlala: ho tloha ho 50 ppm ea boleng ba isocyanuric acid ka metsing a letamo, phello ea chlorine ke 1% (phello ea chlorine e koetsoe ebile ha e bolaee likokoana-hloko).

Ke mathata afe a ka hlahang ka boemo bo phahameng ba cyanuric acid?

• Chlorine e robeha letsatsing, empa ho tsitsa (asiti ea cyanric) ha e robehe mme e sala ka metsing.
• Ho fetela ha asiti ea cyanric e thibela matla a ho bolaea likokoana-hloko a chlorine 'me letamo la rona le ke ke la bolaoa ke likokoana-hloko, leha re tsoela pele ho e tšoara joalo ka tloaelo.
• maemo a phahameng a asiti ea cyanric ho lebisa ho holeng ha algae metsing a letamo.
• Boemo bo phahameng ba stabilizer ena bo eketsa chefo ea metsi 'me ho ea ka Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo bo ka senya bophelo bo botle

Liphello tsa letamo le phahameng la cyanuric acid

'Me, joalo ka ha re se re boletse, letamo le phahameng la cyanuric acid

• Boemo bo phahameng ba k'hemik'hale ena le bona bo tla senya bokaholimo ba samente. ho tloha letamong.
• E bile e ke ke ea hlola e sebetsa khahlanong le ho hōla ha kokoana-hloko e kotsi e bitsoang Cryptosporidium parvum (sebōpuoa se hanyetsanang le chlorine se tsejoang ka ho baka mafu a mala).
• Li thibela phekolo ea chlorine disinfection, ka hona, le haeba re tsoela pele ho fana ka matlapa a biocide kamehla, re ke ke ra fumana sebolaea-mafu se nepahetseng.
• Eketsa chefo ea metsi 'me e ba kotsi haholo ho bophelo bo botle bo bakoang ke ho hema, tsela ea dermal kapa ho kenngoa, joalo ka: ho teneha, ho hlohlona kapa bohloko. 
• Qetellong, ha ntho e kenngoa ka bongata e ka ama liphio, e lebisang phetohong ea lisele tsa renal.

Tlosa asiti ea cyanuric metsing a letamo

Asiti ea cyanuric ka metsing a letamo ha e tlosoe, o tlameha ho nchafatsa karolo ea metsi kapa o e tšolle ka botlalo. (ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba ho tlala ha letamo).

Ke karolo efe eo asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric e e bapalang le chlorine ka letamong?

Asiti ea cyanuric ke k'hemik'hale ea bohlokoa ho boloka chlorine

Ho sa tsotellehe ho hloka tsebo ho hoholo ha boleng bona ba metsi a letamo, cyanuric acid ka matamo e ntse e le ntho ea bohlokoa tlhokomelong ea matamo a ho sesa.

Sianuric acid ke k'hemik'hale ea bohlokoa ho boloka chlorine e sebetsa kamoo e lokelang ho hloekisa le ho hloekisa letamo la hau.

Ntle le moo, ntho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea cyanuric acid ke hore e na le phello e fokolang ho alkalinity, ho thatafala ha calcium, kapa maemo a pH.

Fumana ho leka-lekana lipakeng tsa chlorine le letamo la ho sesa cyanuric acid

Leha ho le joalo, karo-karolelano pakeng tsa chlorine le isocyanuric acid ho lokela ho bolokoa ho leka-lekana ho nepahetseng, kaha, ho fapana le chlorine, asiti ea isocyanuric ha e fokotsehe letsatsing 'me maemo a eona metsing a eketseha ha nako e ntse e feta. 

Chlorine ha nako e ntse e ea e hlahisa letamo le phahameng la cynuric acid

TLHOKOMELISO: Haeba u sebelisa matlapa a chlorine, chlorine e potlakileng, chlorine ea granulated, joalo-joalo. u tla lula u eketsa cyanuric acid ka matamo a ho sesa, 'me kapele kapa hamorao chlorine e tla lahleheloa ke katleho.

Cyanuric acid e sebetsa joang le chlorine?

Hang ha chlorine e ka metsing a hau a letamo a fetotsoe ho li-ion tsa sodium hypochlorite, CYA e tlama li-ion tseo, ho li thibela ho senyeha ha li pepesehetse mahlaseli a UV.

Ena ke tsela eo e baballang chlorine ea mahala ’me e e lumella ho senya libaktheria ka makhetlo a mararo ho isa ho a mahlano ho feta kamoo e neng e ka senya kateng ha e se na cyanuric acid.

Nako eo e eketsehileng ke ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha hobane ka nako e le 'ngoe CYA e tsitsisa chlorine, maqhama pakeng tsa cyanuric acid le sodium hypochlorite ion e boetse e etsa hore chlorine e be thata haholoanyane.

Ka hona, ntle le cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa, ka hora e le 'ngoe feela ho ne ho tla ba le 65% ea chlorine e setseng ka letamong.

Hobaneng ha boteng ba asiti ea isocyanuric metsing a letamo bo eketseha ka nako

Sianuric acid ka matamong a ho sesa: bothata bo tloaelehileng matamong a nang le disinfected ka chlorine

Ho ba teng ha isocyanuric acid ka metsing a letamo ho eketseha ha metsi a ntse a potoloha ka har'a sistimi, ho sa tsotellehe hore karolo ea metsi e nchafatsoa.

Ka tsela ena, Ka lisebelisoa tsa ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa lik'hemik'hale, ho feta ha cyanuric acid ka matamo a ho sesa ho tla ba ntho e ke keng ea qojoa. kaha litekanyetso li lula li le teng ebile lia eketseha.

Lebaka ke hobane haeba maemo a ntho ena a phahame haholo, katleho ea chlorine ea mahala ea thibeloa 'me matla a ho bolaea likokoana-hloko a chlorine a fokotseha kapa a lieha.

Ka hona, nako le nako ha re kenya matlapa ka letamong, motsoako oa isocyanuric acid oa eketseha 'me oa bokellana, athe hypochlorous acid e fokotseha mme e lahleheloa ke katleho ea eona ea bactericidal ho likokoana-hloko.

Ka hona, cyanuric acid ka matamo a ho sesa ke a bothata bo tloaelehileng matamong a alafiloeng ka chlorine; hobane lik'hemik'hale tsa letamo li sebelisa tlatsetso ea karolo ena ho fokotsa likokoana-hloko.

'Me, ho feta moo, ka lebaka la ho hloka tsebo le ho latela melao-motheo ea hae, hoa hlokahala ho bontša hore o fetoha tsietsi khafetsa matamong a ho sesa a kentsoeng likokoana-hloko ka chlorine le hore ha ba fumane metsi a loketseng ka lebaka la ho lebala ha bona.

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Litlamorao tse tlase tsa asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong la ho sesa

Matamo a nang le CYA e tlase haholo kapa a se nang letho a tla ba le tlhoko e kholo ea chlorine

Asiti e tlase ea cyanuric ka letamong la ho sesa e nkoa ha boleng bo le ka tlase ho 30 ppm, chlorine e tla jeoa ka potlako 'me e ke ke ea etsa mosebetsi oa eona oa ho thibela likokoana-hloko.

Matamo a nang le CYA e tlase haholo kapa a se nang letho a tla ba le tlhokahalo e kholo ea chlorine, ka holim'a hore chlorine ke e tla ja kapele mme e ke ke ea etsa mosebetsi oa eona oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.

Ka lebaka leo, mahlaseli a ultraviolet a senya chlorine e sa tsitsang kapele haholo le ho latela seo letamo la hau le tla pepesehela litšila (ntle le haeba u sa khaotse ho eketsa chlorine e eketsehileng).

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Mokhoa oa ho fetola boleng ba cyanuric acid

Cyanuric acid parameters ka holimo ho 100 ppm

Hlakola 'me u tlatse letamo la hau hape haeba maemo a cyanide a ka holimo ho 100 ppm

• Hlakola 'me u tlatse letamo la hau hape haeba maemo a cyanide a ka holimo ho 100 ppm.
• Haeba maemo a hau a cyanuric acid a phahame haholo, tharollo e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ke ho ntša metsi ka ho feletseng letamo le ho le tlatsa ka metsi a hloekileng.
• Sebelisa pompo ea submersible sump ho hula letamo la hau ka botlalo.
• Sebelisa monyetla oa letamo la hau le se nang letho 'me u le hloekise hantle.
• Sebelisa k'halsiamo, lime le ho tlosa mafome ho hloekisa k'halsiamo kapa mehele ea tartar.
• Qetellong, re bonts'a leqephe le nang le mekhoa ea ho theola isocyanuric acid ka letamong.

Sesupo sa cyanuric acid ka holimo ho 80 ppm

Hlakola metsi a hau a letamo haeba maemo a ka holimo ho 80 ppm

• Hlakola metsi a hau a letamo haeba maemo a ka holimo ho 80 ppm.
• Mokhoa o bonolo oa ho fokotsa maemo a asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong la hau ke ho hlapolla metsi feela.
• Hlakola letamo la hau hanyane ka liperesente tse tšoanang tseo u batlang ho fokotsa maemo a hau a cyanide.
• Bala peresente eo u batlang ho fokotsa boemo ba asiti ea cyanuric 'me u tlose hoo e ka bang liphesente tse tšoanang tsa metsi letamong la hau.
• Ho bonolo ho eketsa asiti ea cyanuric letamong la hau ho feta ho e tlosa, kahoo ho molemo ho tlatsa le ho hlapolla metsi ho feta kamoo o nahanang hore o hloka.
• Qetellong, ikopanye le mekhoa ea ho theola isocyanuric acid ka letamong.

Cyanuric acid index ka tlase ho 30 ppm

Haeba boleng bo le ka tlase ho 30ppm: eketsa cyanuric acid

Haeba re fumana hore boleng bo ka tlase ho 30ppm: tharollo e tsoela pele ka ho phahamisa ppm ka ho eketsa cyanuric acid., re u fa aterese ea leqephe le itseng: eketsa matamo a ho sesa a cyanuric acid

Litlhahiso tsa tšebeliso ea ho eketsa sehlahisoa leha e le sefe ka letamong

Kakaretso ea mekhoa ea pele pele u eketsa sehlahisoa ka letamo

Ho qala, boemong ba khopotso, hopola hore ho bohlokoa haholo ho ba le tloaelo ea ho lekola boleng ba metsi bonyane beke le beke.

'Me, ho hlakile, pele re lokisa mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa boleng ka metsing, re tlameha ho tseba hantle hore na ho joang.

Lekola boleng ba letamo 'me u tiise palo e lokelang ho kopanngoa ho latela leibole ea sehlahisoa ka bosona.

Ka holim'a tsohle, etsa tšupiso ea hore likarolo li lula li le teng 'me li tlameha ho fapana ho latela lintlha tse ngata; ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa: ho itšetlehile ka moetsi oa sehlahisoa (kamehla hlahloba letšoao!), Boemo ba leholimo, litšobotsi tsa letamo, joalo-joalo.

Le ka mohla u se ke ua tšela letamo la cyanuric acid ka ho toba ka khalase 'me haholo-holo u lokela ho ba hlokolosi haholo haeba letamo la hau le na le liner.

Ka ho tšoanang, Ha re eketsa sehlahisoa sa lik'hemik'hale mme ha litekanyetso li ntse li fetoloa, ha ho motho ea ka itlhatsoang !!!

Index ea litaba tsa maqephe: Asiti ea cyanuric matamong a ho sesa

1. Letamo la ho sesa la asiti ea cyanuric ke eng
2. Maemo a loketseng a cyanuric acid
3.  tekanyo ea isocyanuric acid
4. Ke hobane'ng ha letamo la hau le hloka cyanuric acid?
5. Liphello tsa ho se leka-lekane ha cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa
6. Mokhoa oa ho fetola boleng ba cyanuric acid
7. Thibela ho phahama ha letamo la ho sesa le nang le asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric
8. Tharollo ea ho theola letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid holimo haholo
9. Mokhoa oa ho tlosa cyaniric acid ka metsing a letamo?
10. Sheba hore na asiti ea cyanuric e theohile ka mor'a hore pula e ne
11. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa asiti ea cyaniric hanyenyane matamong a ho sesa
12. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa cyanuric acid

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Malebela a ho Thibela Acid e Phahameng ea Cyanuric

Ho ka etsoa eng hore ho se be le botsitso)?

Litlhahiso tse thibelang ho qoba ho tsitsisa ka letamo

• Se e khothaletsa etsa a hlatsoa hang ka beke 'me u fetole lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 4-6 lehlabathe kapa likristale tsa filthara, hape u behe metsi a macha 3-5% beke le beke.
• Ka lehlakoreng le leng u ka sebelisa likokoana-hloko tse ling e le matlapa a bromine, metsi chlorine hydrochloric, oksijene e sebetsang, litsamaiso tsa ozone, mabone a UV, ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka lisebelisoa tsa magnesium kapa letsoai (electrolysis ea letsoai), tse se nang cyanuric acid (stabilizer).
• Ha ho na tlhoko ea ho kenya chlorine ka cyanuric acid / stabilizer matamo a ka tlung, li-jacuzzi, matamo a ka tlung, matamo a tšetsoeng ka bromine kapa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko hobane chlorine e ke ke ea senngoa ke mahlaseli a UV.

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Thibela ho phahama ha letamo la ho sesa le nang le asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric

Keletso ea 1 ea ho liehisa acid e phahameng ea cyanuric matamong a ho sesa: hlahloba kamehla boemo ba metsi a letamo la ho sesa.

1st STOP high cyanuric acid pool: Taolo ea kamehla ea boleng ba metsi

Taolo ea kamehla le ea kamehla ea letamo ke senotlolo sa metsi a letamo maemong a phethahetseng

Ho qala, boemong ba khopotso, hopola hore ho bohlokoa haholo ho ba le tloaelo ea ho lekola boleng ba metsi bonyane beke le beke.

'Me, ho hlakile, pele re lokisa mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa boleng ka metsing, re tlameha ho tseba hantle hore na ho joang.

bohlokoa ho hlokomela boleng bo loketseng ba asiti ea cyanuric matamong a ho sesa: tlaleho ea kamehla ea chlorine

Ka kakaretso, boemo ba chlorine e lokela ho ba ka makhetlo a ka bang 15-20 ka tlase ho feta isocyanuric acid, kahoo re lokela ho:

• Boloka boemo ba 2 ppm ba Chlorine ea Mahala ka letamong.
• Ka nepo, chlorine ea mahala e lokela ho ba lipakeng tsa 1 ppm le 3 ppm. Ha u sebelisa cyanuric acid, leka ho boloka maemo a mahala a chlorine ho karolo ea 7.5 lekholong ea boemo ba CYA. Seo se bolela hore haeba letamo la hau le na le 50 ppm cyanuric acid, u tla hloka ho boloka chlorine e sa lefelloeng ho isa ho 3 ppm (boemo bo loketseng boemong bofe kapa bofe) ho hloekisa le ho thibela algae ka nepo.

Ho hlahlojoa ha litekanyetso tse ling ho tlosa letamo le phahameng la cyanuric acid

• Hape, hlahloba hore na pH ea boleng e pakeng tsa 7,2-7,4. Joale, haeba u e hloka, re bontša litekete tsa mokhoa oa ho theola letamo la ph y mokhoa oa ho phahamisa letamo ph
• Alkalinity pakeng tsa 80-150
• Ho ka se be le boteng ba algae metsing a letamo
• Boleng ba koporo metsing a ka tlase ho 0,2ppm

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Keletso ea 2 ea ho liehisa letamo la ho sesa le nang le asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric: thibela ho tsitsa

2nd STOP letamo le phahameng la cyanuric acid: Qoba ho tsitsisa ho feteletseng

Sheba lik'hemik'hale tseo u li jang ho thibela ho tsitsisa ho feteletseng

Kamoo letamo le tsitsang ka teng

Ha e le hantle, sena se etsahala ha ho na le asiti e ngata haholo ka letamong e robehang ka litsela tse peli:

1. Ea pele ke ka ho eketsa cyanuric acid ka borona (hona ho joalo ka matamo a sebelisang chlorine e sa tsitsang).
2. Taba ea bobeli, ha re sebelisa parrot e tsitsitseng, joalo ka: dichloro le trichloro.

Itloaetse ho hlahloba CYA beke le beke, ka tsela ena u tla khona ho qoba ho tsitsisa ho feteletseng.

Sianuric acid e lula metsing

Boemong ba sehopotso, Ha metsi a fetoha mouoane 'me chlorine e fokotsehile, asiti ea cyanuric e hanela metsi,' me e haha ​​feela.

Sheba leibole ea chlorine eo re e sebelisang

Se ke oa srivas deMultiaction matlapa

Matlapa a liketso tse ngata a na le karolo e kholo ea cyanuric acid

HA E KHOTHATSOE: Leha ho le joalo, u lokela ho nahana hore haeba u sebelisa, the matlapa a tsebahalang a liketso tse ngata (re eletsa khahlanong le bona !!), u tla be u eketsa cyanuric acid ho letamo la hau kamehla.

PBakeng sa letlapa le leng le le leng le ekelitsoeng la trichlorpo kapa mulktiactions, lea eketseha ka potlako tse ngata Agglomerated concentration ea isocyanuric acid e ka bokellana, ka hona, matla a ho thibela likokoana-hloko a letamo a fokotseha haholo.

Mokhoa oa ho laola letamo la ho sesa la isocyanuric acid

Thuto ea video ea ho laola letamo la ho sesa la isocyanuric acid

Chlorine e sa tsitsang ho thibela letamo le phahameng la cyanuric acid

Phekolo ea letamo ka chlorine e sa tsitsang

Chlorine e sa tsitsang ke chlorine feela e sa kang ea eketsoa cyanuric acid ho eona, ka hona e ke ke ea tlatsa letamo.

Sena se bolela hore e qhalana ka potlako, o ke ke oa fumana matla a mangata a sanitizing, 'me u tla tlameha ho eketsa bleach khafetsa. Kahoo haeba letsatsi le le kotsing,

Qetellong, o ka sheba leqephe la rona la: Tlhokomelo ea letamo e nang le chlorine e tsitsitseng vs chlorine e sa tsitsitseng

Bothata bo sa tsitsang ba sebolaya ditwatsi

Li-disinfectants tse sa tsitsang li hloka tlhokomelo e ngata le botsitso hobane li qhibiliha ka potlako, kahoo nako e sebelisoang ho hloekisa metsi e tla matlafala.

Reka chlorine e sa tsitsang

Theko e sa tsitsang ea chlorine bakeng sa matamo a ho sesa

[lebokose la amazon =»B00IN6OR2A, B07N41CJ24, B07CLBXTMJ» ]

Tlatselletsa phekolo e sa tsitsang ea letamo la chlorine ka chlorine stabilizer

Maemong ao ho ona re hlokang ho phahamisa asiti ea cyanuric ka ho feta 10ppm le / kapa re sebelisa chlorine e sa tsitsang, re tla tsoela pele ho eketsa stabilizer ea letamo.

Reka chlorine stabilizer e khothalletsoang

Chlorine stabilizer theko bakeng sa matamo a ho sesa

[lebokose la amazon =»B07DQTPW3J, B07DHPBQZP, B08BG61H2G, B08LZKCB26″ ]

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Index ea litaba tsa maqephe: Asiti ea cyanuric matamong a ho sesa

1. Letamo la ho sesa la asiti ea cyanuric ke eng
2. Maemo a loketseng a cyanuric acid
3.  tekanyo ea isocyanuric acid
4. Ke hobane'ng ha letamo la hau le hloka cyanuric acid?
5. Liphello tsa ho se leka-lekane ha cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa
6. Mokhoa oa ho fetola boleng ba cyanuric acid
7. Thibela ho phahama ha letamo la ho sesa le nang le asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric
8. Tharollo ea ho theola letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid holimo haholo
9. Mokhoa oa ho tlosa cyaniric acid ka metsing a letamo?
10. Sheba hore na asiti ea cyanuric e theohile ka mor'a hore pula e ne
11. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa asiti ea cyaniric hanyenyane matamong a ho sesa
12. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa cyanuric acid

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Tharollo ea ho theola letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid holimo haholo

Maemong a acid e ngata haholo, tšolla letamo

Cyanuric acid parameters ka holimo ho 100 ppm

Hlakola 'me u tlatse letamo la hau hape haeba maemo a cyanide a ka holimo ho 100 ppm

• Hlakola 'me u tlatse letamo la hau hape haeba maemo a cyanide a ka holimo ho 100 ppm.
• Haeba maemo a hau a cyanuric acid a phahame haholo, tharollo e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ke ho ntša metsi ka ho feletseng letamo le ho le tlatsa ka metsi a hloekileng.
• Sebelisa pompo ea submersible sump ho hula letamo la hau ka botlalo.
• Sebelisa monyetla oa letamo la hau le se nang letho 'me u le hloekise hantle.
• Sebelisa k'halsiamo, lime le ho tlosa mafome ho hloekisa k'halsiamo kapa mehele ea tartar.

Sesupo sa cyanuric acid ka holimo ho 80 ppm

Hlakola metsi a hau a letamo haeba maemo a ka holimo ho 80 ppm

• Hlakola metsi a hau a letamo haeba maemo a ka holimo ho 80 ppm.
• Mokhoa o bonolo oa ho fokotsa maemo a asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong la hau ke ho hlapolla metsi feela.
• Hlakola letamo la hau hanyane ka liperesente tse tšoanang tseo u batlang ho fokotsa maemo a hau a cyanide.
• Bala peresente eo u batlang ho fokotsa boemo ba asiti ea cyanuric 'me u tlose hoo e ka bang liphesente tse tšoanang tsa metsi letamong la hau.
• Ho bonolo ho eketsa asiti ea cyanuric letamong la hau ho feta ho e tlosa, kahoo ho molemo ho tlatsa le ho hlapolla metsi ho feta kamoo o nahanang hore o hloka.

Mokhoa oa 1 oa ho theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong

Letamo le tlase la asiti ea cyanuric le pula

Lipula tse matla li senya asiti ea cyanuric

Pele ho tsohle, hopola hore ho Asiti ea cyanuric ha e fetohe mouoane kapa ho itlhatsoa ka bo eona, leha ho le joalo, boemo ba metsi bo tla theoha hanyane ka ho eketsoa ha metsi a pula., eo ho hlakileng hore ha e na cyanuric acid stabilizer 'me ka lebaka leo e tla senya maemo a CYA ka letamo.

Letamo le tlase la asiti ea cyanuric le pula

Mokhoa oa ho fokotsa cyanuric acid ka letamo ka pula

Mokhoa ona ke ho ntša metsi le ho a tlatsa hape ka metsi a pula,

Chelete e hlokahalang ho fokotsa asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka pula

Pele ho tsohle, re tlameha nchafatsa metsi a letamo ka karolo e ts'oanang ea liphesente tseo re nang le tsona tse feteletseng ho latela boemo bo feteletseng ba asiti ea cyanuric e teng.

Ha e le hantle, haeba, ka mohlala, re na le 5% ea boleng ba acid e setseng, joale u tlameha ho tlosa hoo e ka bang 5% ea metsi letamong ebe u emela hore pula e na.

Mokhoa oa 2 oa ho theola asiti ea isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa

Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka ho e tšolla kapa ho nkela metsi a mang sebakeng sa eona

Rarolla bothata ka ho bo tšolla hanyenyane kapa ka ho feletseng?

Leha ho le joalo mokhoa oa ho theola letamo la asiti ea cyanuric e tla ipapisa le nyeoe ka 'ngoe, bontša hore haeba letamo le na le motsoako o mongata oa isocyanuric acid, tsela e le 'ngoe feela ea ho e theola ke ka ho tšolla letamo.

Tabeng ea ho fumana maemo a phahameng a cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa, ho thata haholo ho fokotsa kaha e senyeha butle haholo. Kahoo khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa e tla ba qhalla letamo le ho nchafatsa metsi.

Qeto ea phepelo ea metsi e tla ipapisa le boleng ba cyanuric acid e teng.

Haholo-holo joalo ka ha re boletse pejana, kahlolo e tla phethisoa ho latela:

• APN tsohle, o tlameha ho tlatsa metsi ohle ka letamong haeba o boloka maemo a cyanuric ka holimo ho 0 100ppm.
• kapa ho fapana le hoo, nkela sebaka 'me u hlapolle metsi a hau a letamo haeba maemo a ka holimo ho 80 ppm

MOHATO OA 1 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong: e tšollele

Mokhoa oa ho tšolla letamo ka pompo ea metsi e ka tlase ho metsi

Liketso tsa ho tšolla letamo ka pompo

1. Mohato oa pele ke ho fumana phala ea hau ea likhoerekhoere.
2. Ebe u e kopanya le pompo ka hose.
3. Ka mor'a moo, hlahloba hore na valve ea hydrostatic e sebetsa.
4. Ka mor'a moo, fumana hose ea pompo karolong e tebileng ka ho fetisisa ea letamo.
5. Joale, tšela metsi ka hloko haeba ho ka hlaha ntho e sa lebelloang.
6. Haeba u na le letamo la fiberglass, u se ke ua leka ho e tšolla, kaha li etselitsoe hore li lule li tletse metsi. Letsetsa setsebi ho ntša letamo la hau la fiberglass.
7. Qetellong, re u fa sehokelo sa leqephe la rona le ikhethileng mabapi le mokhoa oa ho tšolla letamo: rarolla lipelaelo tsohle tsa hau mabapi le mokhoa oa ho tšolla letamo, ho e tšolla neng, joang ...

Letamo le tlase la asiti ea cyanuric ka ho e tšolla ka pompo e ka tlas'a metsi ea Letamo la Einhell

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MOHATO OA 2 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong: e tšollele

Tlatsa letamo ka metsi a hloekileng

Liketso tsa ho tlatsa letamo ka hose

• Ka ho utloahalang, hang ha letamo la hau le se le khathetse ka mokhoa o itseng kapa ka ho feletseng, u ka qala ho le tlatsa ka metsi a hloekileng.
• Ka li-pstyr tse ling, kapa li-hose tse ling tsa serapa tse ka tlase ho letamo la hau ebe u li bulela.
• Ela hloko letamo ha le ntse le tlala ho thibela hore le se ke la tlala. Bophahamo ba metsi bo lokela ho ba bohareng ba ho thella letamo.

MOHATO OA 3 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong: e tšollele

Sefa metsi a letamo

Ka mor'a moo, o tlameha ho emela potoloho ea filthara e le hore metsi ohle a ka letamong a hloekisoe (hangata e pakeng tsa lihora tse 4-6 ho itšetlehile ka equ).

MOHATO OA 4 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong: e tšollele

Sheba litekanyetso tsa metsi

• Ka mor'a moo, hlahloba maemo a ph (7,2-7,4), chlorine (2-3ppm) le cynuric acid ka letamong la hau (30 le 50 ppm).
• Haeba ho hlaha monyetla oa hore ha li nepahale, u tlameha ho tsoela pele ho li fetola.

MOHATO OA 5 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong: e tšollele

Hlatsoa filthara

Hloekisa tsamaiso ea ho hloekisa ho tlosa cyanuric acid

Asiti ea cyanuric e tsoang letamong e ka kenngoa ka har'a sistimi ea filtration, kahoo ho ea ka liketsahalo ka boeona le ka lebaka leo maemo a phahameng haholo li ka fana ka liphetho tse rarahaneng haholo hoo u tlamehang ho fetola sefahla. Kahoo, ho bohlokoa ho etsa lavafo e ntle le ho lokisa sistimi eohle ea tlhoekiso.

• Hang-hang, sehlooho nexus ka tlhokomelo ea filthara le moo re u bontšang mokhoa oa ho hlatsoa tsamaiso ea ho hloekisa.

Mokhoa oa 4 oa ho theola asiti ea isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa

Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka se fokotsang asiti

MOHATO OA 1 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka se fokotsang asiti

Pele o eketsa acid e fokotsang, ho tlameha ho fihleloa litekanyo tse itseng ka metsing

Index ea bohlokoa ea chlorine ka metsing pele o eketsa letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid.

• Ntlha ea pele, chlorine e lokela ho ba hoo e ka bang 2 ho isa ho 3 ppm.
• Ho seng joalo, haeba e le ka holimo ho 5.0 ppm, tlohela letamo ka khanya ea letsatsi kapa sebelisa chlorine neutralizer ho e fokotsa.

Mekhahlelo e meng ea ho hlahloba pele o eketsa letamo la cyanuric acid reducer

• Tabeng ea pele, mocheso oa metsi o lokela ho ba pakeng tsa 20ºC le 40ºC.
• Taba ea bobeli, boemo ba pH bo pakeng tsa 7,2 - 7,6
• Alkalinity pakeng tsa 80 - 150 ppm
• Hape ha hoa lokela ho ba le boteng ba algae ka letamong
• Ka nako e ts'oanang, boemo ba koporo ha boa lokela ho feta 0,2 ppm.
• Qetellong, ha ho sehlahisoa se kang algaecide kapa hydrogen peroxide se neng se lokela ho lahleloa ka metsing.

MOHATO OA 2 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka se fokotsang asiti

Eketsa letamo la cyanuric acid reducer

Ke eng e fokotsang asiti ea cyanuric e fihlelang?

Bioactive Cyanuric Acid Reducer ke sehlahisoa se ka senyehang ka tlhaho se sebetsang ka polokeho ka letamong la hau ho fokotsa maemo a cyanuric acid.

E etselitsoe ka ho khetheha ho fokotsa maemo a cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa ka ho feta 100ppm.

Mokhoa oa ho kenya Letamo la Cyanuric Acid Decreaser

• Qalong, sheba leibole ea cyanuric acid reducer le ho itšetlehile ka tlhokahalo ea letamo, bala karolo ea sehlahisoa se hlokahalang.
• Ka kakaretso, tekanyo e na le enfelopo, e lumellang ho fokotsa pakeng tsa 100 le 140 ppm boemong ba isocyanuric ba letamo la 50 m3.
• Ebe, o arola sesebelisoa ho skimmer ea letamo la hau.

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MOHATO OA 3 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka se fokotsang asiti

Sefa letamo

• Ka mor'a moo, o tlameha ho emela potoloho ea filthara e le hore metsi ohle a ka letamong a hloekisoe (hangata e pakeng tsa lihora tse 4-6 ho itšetlehile ka equ).

MOHATO OA 4 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka se fokotsang asiti

Sheba liphetho

• Lekola metsi a letamo hang ha filthara e se e tsamaisitsoe ho etsa bonnete ba hore cyanuric acid reducer e sebelitse, hopola hore litekanyetso li lokela ho fapana pakeng tsa 30-50ppm.

Haeba ho na le phello e mpe, u lokela ho e tšolla ebe u e tlatsa ka metsi a macha.

MOHATO OA 5 Theola asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong ka se fokotsang asiti

Hlatsoa filthara

Hloekisa tsamaiso ea ho hloekisa ho tlosa cyanuric acid

Asiti ea cyanuric e tsoang letamong e ka kenngoa ka har'a sistimi ea filtration, kahoo ho ea ka liketsahalo ka boeona le ka lebaka leo maemo a phahameng haholo li ka fana ka liphetho tse rarahaneng haholo hoo u tlamehang ho fetola sefahla. Kahoo, ho bohlokoa ho etsa lavafo e ntle le ho lokisa sistimi eohle ea tlhoekiso.

• Hang-hang, sehlooho nexus ka tlhokomelo ea filthara le moo re u bontšang mokhoa oa ho hlatsoa tsamaiso ea ho hloekisa.

Thuto ea video ea ho fokotsa isocyanuric acid (CYA) ka letamong

Ka bokhutšoanyane, video e fanoeng e rarolla potso ea e 'ngoe ea mathata a tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa mabapi le ho leka-lekana ha metsi, sena ke ho ba le cyanuric acid e phahameng (CYA) ka letamo.

Ho ithuta ho: Mokhoa oa ho theola boemo ba asiti ea cyanuric matamong a ho sesa.

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Mokhoa oa ho tlosa cyaniric acid ka metsing a letamo?

Asiti ea cyanuric ka metsing a letamo ha e tlosoe, o tlameha ho nchafatsa karolo ea metsi kapa o e tšolle ka botlalo. (ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba ho tlala ha letamo).

Haeba u khetha ho nchafatsa metsi hanyenyane feela, re khothaletsa hore u bolaee likokoana-hloko ka oksijene e sebetsang.

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Sheba hore na asiti ea cyanuric e theohile ka mor'a hore pula e ne

Bongata ba cyanuric acid bo theoha ka mor'a lipula tse matla

Sheba boleng ba metsi a letamo la hau beke le beke le ka mor'a lipula tse matla.

Palo ea cyanuric acid ka letamong la hau e ka fetoha khafetsa ha metsi a ntse a tlhotloa le ho hlapolloa.

Ho boloka maemo a cyanide a sa fetohe le ho qoba ho a eketsa, hlahloba maemo bonyane hang ka beke le ka mor'a pula ea litloebelele.

Haeba maemo a hau a cyanide a theoha haholo, mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet a tla senya chlorine ka letamong la hau mme e tla emisa ho sebetsa. Sena se tla etsa hore letamo la hau la metsi le be kotsing ea ho ba le litšila le ho u fa letamo le litšila.

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Index ea litaba tsa maqephe: Asiti ea cyanuric matamong a ho sesa

1. Letamo la ho sesa la asiti ea cyanuric ke eng
2. Maemo a loketseng a cyanuric acid
3.  tekanyo ea isocyanuric acid
4. Ke hobane'ng ha letamo la hau le hloka cyanuric acid?
5. Liphello tsa ho se leka-lekane ha cyanuric acid matamong a ho sesa
6. Mokhoa oa ho fetola boleng ba cyanuric acid
7. Thibela ho phahama ha letamo la ho sesa le nang le asiti e phahameng ea cyanuric
8. Tharollo ea ho theola letamo la ho sesa la cyanuric acid holimo haholo
9. Mokhoa oa ho tlosa cyaniric acid ka metsing a letamo?
10. Sheba hore na asiti ea cyanuric e theohile ka mor'a hore pula e ne
11. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa asiti ea cyaniric hanyenyane matamong a ho sesa
12. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa cyanuric acid

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Mokhoa oa ho eketsa asiti ea cyaniric hanyenyane matamong a ho sesa

Ke eng e tsitsitseng chlorine 

Pele ho tsohle, karolo ea stabilizer e loantša mahlaseli a letsatsi a ultraviolet hobane e thibela ho timetsoa ha 'ona, ka tsela eo ho fihlela Chlorine e lula nako e telele ka metsing.

Ka hona, e lebisa ho boloka hobane re tla fokotsa palo ea chlorine.

Ntle le moo, ntho ena ha e fetole boemo ba acid haholo.

Kahoo ka 'nete potlakisa ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e leng tlhokomelo le phekolo ea metsi a letamo.

Qetellong, bolela seo E etselitsoe mefuta eohle ea matamo le / kapa liphahlo.

Nako ea ho sebelisa chlorine e tsitsitseng 

Joale e, bolela hore chlorine e tsitsitseng e sebelisoa ha boemo ba cyanuric acid bo hloka keketseho e ka tlaase ho 10 ppm).

Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa chlorine e tsitsitseng 

1. Ntlha ea pele, re bala palo e hlokahalang ea sehlahisoa 'me haeba re hloka ho phahamisa kapa ho theola pH kapa alkalinity, re tlameha ho eketsa sehlahisoa ebe re emela potoloho ea ho sefa e le hore e lokisoe (ka mokhoa o utloahalang, pele o eketsa chlorine e tsitsitseng).
2. Taba ea bobeli, 'me haeba ho hlokahala, kamora hore liphetoho tsa pH kapa alkalinity li fete, re hlahloba boleng hape mme re lekola hore na tsohle li hantle.
3. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka kakaretso, re ka re maemong a mangata a lihlahisoa tsa chlorine tse tsitsitseng, e lumellana le hoo e ka bang 4kg ea sehlahisoa bakeng sa 100 m³ ea metsi
4. Sehlahisoa se tlameha ho hlahisoa le setsi sa kalafo se mathang le ka skimmer kapa pompo pre-filter.
5. Hamorao, re tlameha ho tloha pompo e sebetsa ho fihlela e qeta bonyane potoloho e le 'ngoe ea ho sefa (hangata li pakeng tsa lihora tse 4-6).
6. Ho phethela, re ema 48h mme re lekanya boleng hape mme ha ho hlokahala re pheta ts'ebetso ho e lokisa; leha ho le joalo, haeba u bona hore linakong tsa 2 tsa ho lokisoa ha u so fihlelle, mohlomong u lokela ho nahana ka ho buisana le setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea letamo.

Ka holim'a tsohle, etsa tšupiso ea hore likarolo li lula li le teng 'me li tlameha ho fapana ho latela lintlha tse ngata; ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa: ho itšetlehile ka moetsi oa sehlahisoa (kamehla hlahloba letšoao!), Boemo ba leholimo, litšobotsi tsa letamo, joalo-joalo.

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Pool stabilizer ho phahamisa matamo a cynuric acid

Maemong ao ho ona re hlokang ho phahamisa asiti ea cyanuric ka ho feta 10ppm, re tla tsoela pele ho eketsa stabilizer ea letamo.

Lebaka leo lebitso la pool stabilizer le hlahang ka lona ke hobane cyanuric acid e tsitsisa chlorine ea mahala hore e se ke ea fetoloa mouoane ke letsatsi.

Sebopeho se kopantsoeng sa letamo la ho sesa isocyanuric acid: stabilized chlorine

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bolela hore e ka boela ea tsoakoa le matlapa kapa litšepe tsa chlorine, tse bitsoang trichlor, le ka chlorine shock, e bitsoang dichlor. Ka nako e tšoanang, lihlahisoa tsena tse kopantsoeng li tsejoa e le stabilized chlorine hobane stabilizer e tsoaka ka kotloloho le sanitizer, e u bolokela mathata a ho lekanya le ho li eketsa ka thoko.

Mofuta oa thekiso ea letamo la Isocyanuric acid

• E rekisoa ka: sebopeho sa metsi kapa sa granulated ka thoko kapa joalo ka sehlomathiso se ka kenngoa matlapeng a chlorine.

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Mokhoa oa ho eketsa cyanuric acid

Ha cynuric acid e eketsoa letamong

Ha re sebelisa chlorine e sa tsitsang, re tla tlameha ho eketsa CYA ka thoko ho ba le taolo e nyane ho eona.

Ha ho hlokahala ho eketsa asiti ea cyanuric ho letamo la hau

Ho joalo, haeba u sebelisa mokhoa ona, ke hore, eketsa cyanuric acid ho tloha letamong ka thoko ho chlorine, ka 'nete u lokela ho e kenyelletsa feela boemong bo tlamang ho seta qalong ea sehla (kapa bonyane habeli ka selemo haeba boemo ba leholimo bo le bobe).

Ha ho hlokahale hore u kenye cyanuric acid ho letamo la hau

Haeba u sebelisa sebolaea-mafu sa dichlor kapa trichlor (klorine e tsitsitseng), ka molao, u ke ke ua hloka CYA e eketsehileng (letamo la cyanuric acid).

Lik'hemik'hale tsa ho phahamisa letamo la ho sesa la isocyanide

Metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale ho phahamisa letamo la isocyanuric acid: DICHLORO

• K'hemik'hale ena ea granular, eo hape e bitsoang sodium dichloro-S-triazintrione, e na le chlorine le cyanuric acid, kahoo ha ho hlokahale hore u tšoenyehe ka ho eketsa cyanuric acid e eketsehileng ha u e sebelisa.
• Kaha ke granular, dichlor e qhibiliha butle.
• Haeba u etsa qeto ea ho eketsa dichlor letamong la hau, mantsoe a seng makae a temoso: haeba ue kenya ho skimmer, ela hloko hore u se ke ua eketsa ka potlako haholo, kapa u ka qetella u thibile mela.

Sehlahisoa sa ho eketsa isocyanuric matamong a ho sesa: TRICHLORO

• Trichloroisocyanuric acid e ts'oana haholo le dichloro, ntle le hore e tla ka letlapa kapa ka sebopeho sa thupa e ka ekeletsoang phepelong ea khoholeho ea hau.
• Motsoako ona oa tlhaho o tlameha ho eketsoa ka chlorinator, eseng ka skimmer kapa ka ho e tšela ka ho toba ka letamo.

Eketsa matamo a isocyanuric acid: LIQUID SLUDGE

• Lihlahisoa tse ling tsa cyanuric acid li rekisoa e le li-slurries tsa metsi ho e-na le li-additives tse granular.
• Joalo ka dichlor, ho bohlokoa ho eketsa ho emisoa ha mokelikeli hanyane ka nako ho qoba ho koala le ho silafatsa.
• Qala ka tekanyo e nyenyane 'me u se ke ua eketsa e' ngoe ho fihlela ea pele e qhibiliha ka ho feletseng. Ka nepo, o batla hore boemo ba asiti ea cyanuric ka letamong la hau e be lipakeng tsa likarolo tse 30 ho isa ho tse 50 ho milione (ppm).
• Boemong boo, o lokela ho fumana chelete e ngata haholo bakeng sa buck ea hau, ho etsa hore chlorine e tšoarelle nako e telele kamoo ho ka khonehang.
• Haeba boemo bo le ka holimo ho 50 ppm, ho na le meputso e fokotsehang.
• Ntle le moo, ho hang ha u batle hore maemo a cyanuric acid a fete ka holimo ho 100ppm.

Mokhoa oa ho eketsa cyanuric acid ka letamo

Mehato ea ho Eketsa Cyanuric Acid Letamong la Hao

1. Ho qala, re bala palo e hlokahalang ea sehlahisoa mme haeba re hloka ho phahamisa kapa ho theola pH kapa alkalinity, re tlameha ho eketsa sehlahisoa ebe re emela potoloho ea ho sefa e le hore e lokisoe (ka mokhoa o utloahalang, pele o eketsa chlorine e tsitsitseng).
2. Haeba ntlha ea pele e ne e hlokahala, hang ha liphetoho tsa pH kapa alkalinity li fetile, re hlahloba litekanyetso hape ebe re hlahloba hore na tsohle li hantle.
3. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, fumana a nkho ea ho feta kapa ka tlase ho 20L 'me ue tlatse halofo ka metsi a futhumetseng.
4. BOHLOKOA: ('me u se ke ua e tlōla!), itlhomelle ka likhalase tse sireletsang le liatlana tse hananang le asiti.
5. Ka mor'a moo, re tla sheba leibole ea sehlahisoa le ho latela tlhoko re tla kopanya tekanyo e hlokahalang ea cyanuric acid ka hare ho nkho. Ka kakaretso, ho phahamisa 10 ppm ea CYA ka letamong la 100m3, ho kenyelletsoa likhaba tse 13 tsa cyanuric acid.
6. Ka mor'a moo, re emela metsotso e ka bang 10 hore e qhibilihe ka ho feletseng.
7. Joalo ka mehla ha re eketsa sehlahisoa sa lik'hemik'hale, ts'ebetso e tla etsoa ka setsi sa kalafo se mathang le ka basketeng ea skimmer kapa pompo ea pre-filter.
8. Re tlohela pompo e sebetsa ho fihlela e qeta bonyane potoloho e le 'ngoe ea ho sefa (hangata li pakeng tsa lihora tse 4-6).
9. Ho phethela, re ema 48h mme re lekanya boleng hape mme ha ho hlokahala re pheta ts'ebetso ho e lokisa; leha ho le joalo, haeba u bona hore linakong tsa 2 tsa ho lokisoa ha u so fihlelle, mohlomong u lokela ho nahana ka ho buisana le setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea letamo.