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What is the universal chain of survival?
It is a chain of survival that is made up of five links: awareness, training, equipment, communication and coordination.
This is a chain that can be used in any emergency situation to ensure survival.
- The purpose of this chain is to ensure that everyone involved in an emergency situation has the tools necessary to survive.
- The universal chain of survival is an initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) and has been adopted by numerous countries as part of their emergency plans.
The chain of survival is a series of steps that must be carried out when a person suffers a heart attack or respiratory arrest. The objective is to increase the chances that you will not lose your life and reduce the damage or consequences that may occur.
Out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. If not treated immediately, the person can die.
What is the goal of the Chain of Survival?
The Chain of Survival is designed to help people stay alive in emergency situations.
It provides a simple and effective method for gathering and managing the resources needed to survive.
It can help people make critical decisions during a crisis, and can also be used as a planning tool to ensure they are prepared to face any situation.
The chain of survival is an important concept because it provides a framework for understanding a patient's medical care process after experiencing cardiac arrest.
The goal of the chain of survival is to increase survival rates and reduce brain damage and other complications associated with cardiac arrest.
The chain of survival is a series of actions that must be followed to treat cardiorespiratory arrest.
The steps in the chain of survival are: Call 112 or 911, perform chest compressions, use a defibrillator if available, and give artificial respirations.
If you follow these steps, you can help save a life. We should all know the chain of survival to be prepared in case an emergency occurs.
Who created the chain of survival?
Who created the chain of survival In 1989, Dr. Leonard Newman
In 1989, Dr. Leonard Newman wrote an article for the Journal of Emergency Medical Services explaining his metaphor, and in 1990, he promoted it in an editorial he wrote for the first issue of Currents in Emergency Cardiac Care.
Newman's "Chain of Survival" is a powerful tool that can help EMS providers understand and remember the importance of each link in the chain.
The chain consists of four links:
- Early access to emergency medical services
- Early CPR and defibrillation
- Early advanced life support
- Comprehensive post-cardiac arrest care
Why is it important to learn to apply the chain of life?
Importance of first aid
The chain of survival is a powerful metaphor for understanding the importance of each link in the chain of survival.
By understanding the importance of each link, EMS providers can help ensure that patients receive the best care possible and have the best chance of surviving cardiac arrest.
- Early access to emergency medical services
- Early CPR and defibrillation
- Early advanced life support
- Comprehensive post-cardiac arrest care
The importance of the first intervention
The importance of the first rescuer is indisputable.
Every minute that passes between the onset of cardiorespiratory arrest and resuscitation reduces the probability of survival by 10%. According to world scientific organizations, after 10 minutes, surviving an event is practically impossible.
Emergency services in Spain are ranked as one of the best in the world. However, moving to certain areas It can delay the arrival of ambulances or priority care services.
Therefore, applying the maneuvers and techniques of the chain of survival by anyone present at the scene is essential to improve the response. This care can make the difference between a patient surviving or not. Count on cardioprotected spaces and an AED or AED defibrillator It is essential in spaces with high traffic of people or with high-risk patients.
Perform one of the most important actions of the entire process, which is activation.
But without forgetting, it will also participate in 3 of the four links of the ERC or 3 of the 6 of the AHA. Thanks to knowledge and knowing how to act in an emergency, a great benefit is generated by improving the survival prognosis.
In either of the two proposals, the importance of the first rescuer is indisputable.
Perform one of the most important actions of the entire process, which is activation. But without forgetting, it will also participate in 3 of the four links of the ERC or 3 of the 6 of the AHA. Thanks to knowledge and knowing how to act in an emergency, a great benefit is generated by improving the survival prognosis.
The first intervention is vital for the success of the resuscitation process, and that is why it is given so much importance. The first rescuer must be properly trained and trained to be able to act correctly at all times. In this way, greater survival is guaranteed and the prognosis of patients is improved.
Each link in the chain is essential to the patient's survival and chances of recovery.
When one or more links are missing, the patient's chances of survival decrease significantly.
- Early access to emergency medical services is essential for patient survival. EMS providers can help ensure patients receive the care they need as quickly as possible by providing early access to emergency medical services.
- Early CPR and defibrillation can help give patients the best chance of surviving cardiac arrest. EMS providers can help provide CPR and early defibrillation by being trained and equipped with the necessary tools and supplies.
- Early advanced life support can help improve a patient's chances of surviving and recovering from a serious illness or injury. EMS providers can help provide early advanced life support by being trained and equipped with the necessary tools and supplies.
- Integrated post-cardiac arrest care can help ensure that patients receive the best care possible after their cardiac arrest. EMS providers can help provide integrated post-cardiac arrest care by coordinating with other healthcare professionals and agencies.
How to learn survival skills
Actions in different chains of survival
Types of survival chain
Chain of survival in cardiac arrests.
Newman's Chain of Survival
What are the 4 links of the Chain of Survival (ERC)?
How many links does the chain of life have?
How many links make up the Chain of Survival in a PCR?
The Chain of Survival in a PCR is made up of four links. These links are: early recognition of the emergency, calling the emergency system, CPR and cardiac electric shock. If we follow these four links, we will significantly increase the chances of survival of the person who has suffered a PCR.
4 links of the chain of survival
- The first link in the chain of survival is danger awareness. Without this awareness, a person cannot take the necessary steps to protect themselves or their family in the event of a disaster.
- The second link is knowledge. It is important to have basic knowledge of first aid and what to do in the event of a fire, flood or other natural disaster.
- The third link is the preparation. People should have an emergency plan and take into account the special needs of their family members. They should also have a survival kit that contains all the supplies needed to deal with a disaster.
- The fourth and final link in the chain of survival is the action. When a disaster strikes, people must put their plans into action and follow the instructions of emergency authorities. If necessary measures are not taken, the chain of survival will be broken and people may not survive.
Video survival chain links
The chain of survival in first aid is defined as the order of actions that we must follow to rescue a victim well and ensure that the victim has the best options to overcome cardiac arrest.
In first aid there are two scientific associations, dedicated to research and teaching on CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) and cardiovascular emergencies: The American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Resuscitation Council (ERC).
These scientific associations meet every 5 years to improve the actions and quality of life of patients who have suffered any type of event that has led them to have cardio-respiratory arrest.
That is, the chain of survival that we know in 2019 will not change until 2020 when the data studied is reviewed.
This survival chain with the 4 links has been in force since 2015.
The chain of survival in CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) is very important for the evolution of the patient's life, it is so important that it is made for people like you that without any type of knowledge in first aid you will be the first person to realize that something is wrong. Before activating the first link in the chain of survival, make sure you can safely approach the victim, assess the situation, call for help, and begin CPR.
First Aid: Survival Chain Links
What is the 5-step Chain of Survival according to the AHA and ERC?
What is the Chain of Survival according to the AHA?
In 1991, the American Heart Association (AHA) proposed a sequence called the Chain of Survival (CS), which included: rapid activation of emergency services, immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed by bystanders, early defibrillation, and advanced life support performed by professionals. .
As we have already said, this chain It was proposed by the American Heart Association (AHA) in 1991 and has evolved to the present day due to the contributions of the AHA and the European Resuscitation Council (ERC), in addition to creating some complementary actions to it.
Every 5 years both scientific associations meet with the aim of improving action in situations of cardiorespiratory arrest and thus improving the quality of life of the affected people. So if they follow the general dynamics, it will be in 2020 when they will meet again to review the data collected so far.
CS has become a model for addressing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and has been adopted by numerous countries.
Since most cardiac arrests occur outside the hospital, training bystanders to perform CPR and early defibrillation is crucial.
The AHA offers training courses in CPR and the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) for the general public, as well as medical and emergency personnel.
In 2010, the CS was updated to include the latest research on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and AED use. The new sequence is called the Chain of Survival for Cardiac Arrest (CSCP).
CS is based on the premise that cardiac arrest is a medical emergency that can be treated and that most people can survive if they quickly receive CPR and early defibrillation.
Goals established by the AHA
The AHA has established the following goals for the CSCP:.
- Reduce mortality from cardiac arrest by 50% by 2020.
- Increase the number of bystanders performing CPR by 50% by 2020.
- Increase the number of health centers with publicly available automated external defibrillators (AEDs) by 50% by 2020.
Why has the AHA established these goals?
The AHA believes that if these goals are met, thousands of lives can be saved each year. To help achieve these goals, the AHA offers several programs and resources, including training courses in CPR and AED use, programming guides for developing a plan to implement CSCP in your community, and tools for evaluating the impact of CSCP. . The AHA also supports research to improve CSCP and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
AHA CPR survival chain video
Differences between the AHA and ERC chain of survival
What are the differences between the AHA and ERC chain of survival?
There are some key differences between the AHA and ERC CPR guidelines.
- The AHA recommends that chest compressions be given at a rate of 100-120 per minute, while the ERC suggests a rate of 30 per minute.
- The AHA also recommends that rescue breaths be given at a ratio of 30:2, while the ERC suggests a ratio of 15:2.
- Finally, the AHA recommends continuing CPR for two minutes before checking for signs of life, while the ERC suggests checking after five cycles of chest compressions and rescue breaths.
In general, the AHA guidelines are more aggressive than the ERC guidelines in terms of the frequency of chest compressions and rescue breaths.
- The reason for this difference is that the AHA believes that a higher frequency of chest compressions will be more effective in circulating oxygenated blood to the brain and other vital organs.
- The ERC, on the other hand, takes a more conservative approach and believes that a lower rate of chest compressions will be just as effective and less likely to cause harm to the victim.
What are the 6 links of the Chain of Survival?
The Chain of Survival with 6 links
The Chain of Survival is made up of six links: Identification of the situation, Alert to the emergency service, manual Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), Electrical Defibrillation, professional CPR and Advanced Resuscitation.
These links have been established to increase the chances of survival in the event of sudden cardiac arrest. Time is critical when dealing with cardiac arrest, and every minute counts. That is why it is important to know the six links of the Chain of Survival.
What are the 6 links of the Chain of Survival?
- The first link, Identification of the situation, refers to being able to recognize sudden cardiac arrest. Symptoms of cardiac arrest may include loss of consciousness, shortness of breath, or irregular pulse. If you see someone who appears to be suffering from cardiac arrest, it is important to act quickly.
- The second link, Alert the emergency service, refers to calling 911 or the local emergency number to get help. If you don't speak the local language, try to find someone who can make the call for you.
- The third link, Manual Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), refers to performing CPR on the person who is experiencing cardiac arrest. CPR involves pressing hard and quickly on the person's chest, which helps keep blood and oxygen circulating in the body. It is important to follow instructions from 911 or medical personnel to perform CPR effectively.
- The fourth link, Electrical Defibrillation, refers to using an automated external defibrillator (AED) to try to reestablish a normal heart rhythm. AEDs are available in many public places, such as airports and stadiums. If you are around a person who is having cardiac arrest, you can use the AED to try to help them.
- The fifth link, professional CPR, refers to the arrival of qualified medical personnel who can perform CPR and/or use an AED. Qualified medical personnel will be better equipped to handle a cardiac arrest situation and can perform CPR more effectively.
- The sixth and last link, Advanced Resuscitation, refers to advanced medical care that can be provided by qualified medical personnel. This may include intubation, giving medications, or using a machine to help you breathe. The objective of Advanced Resuscitation is to keep life and organs functioning until transfer to a medical center arrives.
Importance of knowing each link in the chain of survival
Knowing the six links in the Chain of Survival can help save a life in the event of cardiac arrest.
SIf you are around someone who appears to be in cardiac arrest, do not hesitate to call 911 and begin CPR. Time is critical in these situations, so it is important to act quickly. If we all knew the six links of the Chain of Survival, we could help save many lives.
Video what are the 6 links of the Chain of Survival
How to do cardiopulmonary resuscitation
What is the Chain of Survival for an adult?
Chain of Survival in Adults
In general terms, the "Chain of Survival" for the adult patient is made up of the following links:
- Immediate recognition of the PCR and activation of the emergency system (SEM).
- Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- Defibrillation as soon as possible if indicated.
Each of these links is important in its own right, but the ultimate goal is to achieve early and effective defibrillation.
- CPR and defibrillation are vital treatments for patients with CPA, and the time between the onset of symptoms and the start of treatment is critical.
- For this reason, it is recommended that all adults become familiar with the basics of CPR and be willing to perform it if necessary.
- https://youtu.be/EHff6pGcHlg
Video of what the chain of survival is like in adults
Chain of survival in adults. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
What is the chain of survival in children under 8 years of age?
Links in the pediatric chain of survival
While all links are important, CPR is critical as it can significantly increase the child's chances of survival.
CPR can be performed by anyone, regardless of training or experience.
It is important for all parents and caregivers to know how to perform CPR, as it can be the difference between life and death for a child.
The "Chain of Survival" for the pediatric patient is made up of the following links:
- -Call EMS immediately.
- -Place the child on a flat, firm surface.
- -Start performing CPR.
- -Follow the instructions of the EMS operator.
- If you are unsure how to perform CPR, the EMS operator will guide you through the process.
- Please do not hesitate to call EMS if you have any questions or concerns; Our operators are ready to help you at all times.
The “Chain of Survival” is a simple but very effective concept.
Following these steps can significantly increase the chance of a child emerging unharmed from an accident or emergency.
It is important to note that while CPR is critical, all links in the “chain” are equally important. Make sure all children in your home are safe and secure at all times.
Video What is the chain of survival in children under 8 years of age?
If you are present when a child under 8 years old has an emergency, follow these steps:
Universal drowning survival chain
What are the steps to follow in the universal chain of survival against drowning in water?
The Universal Chain of Survival is a set of five steps that can be followed to help prevent and respond to a drowning situation.
Following these steps can help save lives in drowning situations. If a drowning situation occurs, it is important to act quickly and implement the universal chain of survival.
Next, we quote you each of the steps to deal with drowning in water:
- Prevention: Take steps to prevent the drowning situation from occurring in the first place. This includes things like being aware of water hazards, knowing how to swim, and having a flotation device on hand.
- Recognition: If a drowning situation occurs, it is important to recognize it as soon as possible. Signs of drowning may include screaming, gesturing, or frantic movements toward the surface of the water.
- Floatation: Providing flotation to the drowning person allows them to breathe and gives them time to think and act. Floating objects such as surfboards or life preservers can be helpful in providing flotation.
- Remove from water: Once the person is safe from the water, it is important to remove them immediately and put them in a safe place.
- Attention: If the person has been exposed to cold water, it is important to provide immediate medical attention to prevent hypothermia. It is also important to seek medical attention if the person has inhaled water or has symptoms of choking.
Learn about CPR
Types of training in CPR, SVB and SVA
