Isalathiso sesiqulatho sephepha
En Ok pool Reform ngaphakathi Ukucocwa kwamanzi kwidama lokuqubha siza kutyhila yonke iminutiae malunga ne Ifomula kunye neziphumo ze-sodium hypochlorite: igesi yeklorini kwindawo yokucoca amanzi echibini lokudada ngaphakathi kwecandelo lephepha Iimfihlo ze-swimming chlorine disinfection.
Yintoni i-sodium hypochlorite
Yintoni i-CHLORINE GAS?
Inkcazo yegesi ye-chlorine
Kwimeko yokuqala, khankanya ukuba i-sodium hypochlorite (i-NaOCl) iyikhompawundi esetyenziselwa umlinganiselo omkhulu wokuhlanjululwa kwendawo, umhlophe, ukususwa kwevumba kunye nokuchithwa kwamanzi.
Lithini igama lokurhweba le-sodium hypochlorite
izithethantonye zesodium hypochlorite
Kwelinye icala, cacisa ukuba I-sodium hypochlorite yaziwa njenge: iblitshi, iblitshi, i-limpid, iblitshi, i-sodium hypochlorite, i-Giweissi Water, i-Jane Clarasol Water (exhaphake kakhulu)
Uthini umahluko phakathi kweklorine kunye ne-sodium hypochlorite?
chlorine ligama eliqhelekileyo lesisombululo se-sodium hypochlorite
Ngale ndlela, i-sodium hypochlorite ihlanjululwe emanzini, ngokuqhelekileyo ithengiswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye isetyenziswe njenge-agent yokucoca, i-disinfectant, i-bleach kunye ne-stain remover.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweklorine kunye nebleach?
Igesi yeSodium Hypochlorite vs iBletshi
Ngelo xesha, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-bleach kunye ne-chlorine kukuba imveliso yangaphambili imveliso esebenzayo umxholo weklorini ungekho ngaphantsi kwe-35 grams ngelitha kwaye ungekho ngaphezu kwe-60 grams ngelitha.
Ulwelo lwe-bleaching alufani neklorine
Imveliso ebalulekileyo eyenziwe kwiklorine yi-bleaching fluid, apho abantu ngamanye amaxesha badibanisa neklorini. I-bleaching fluid inekhompawundi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sodium hypochlorite. Ukuba uxuba into ene-acidic kunye nebleach, igesi yeklorini inokwakheka.
Ithetha ntoni igesi yeklorine?
I-gaseous chlorine iveliswa kumashishini kwi-sodium chloride.
Kwibhubhoratri, elawulwayo, xa ixabiso elincinci legesi lifunekayo, linokufumaneka ngokuphendula kwe-manganese dioxide okanye i-hydrochloric acid, enokuthi iphinde ilingane: MnO2 (s) + HCL (aq) -> MnCL2 (aq) + H2O (I) + CL2 (g) ngale mpendulo ufuna ukusebenzisa 29 g manganese dioxide
yintoni igesi yeklorine
igesi exutywe neklorin
| I-Chlorine yigesi enevumba elibi elicaphukisayo. | Ayizinzi kakhulu kwaye isabela ngokukhawuleza ngezinto ezininzi zokwenza ezinye iikhemikhali. |
|---|---|
| Amanzi aneklorini ayinayo igesi yeklorin. | Abantu abaninzi ngempazamo bakholelwa ukuba amanzi aklorini aneklorini yemolekyuli (Cl2 ). Ekuqaleni kwenkqubo ye-chlorination yamanzi, i-molecular chlorine gas inokongezwa emanzini; nangona kunjalo, iguqulwa ngokukhawuleza ibe yezinye izinto zemichiza, ezizezo zibulala iintsholongwane emanzini. I-Hypochlorous acid kunye ne-hypochlorite anion zimbini zezi zinto zibulala iintsholongwane emanzini.Igama elithi “iklorin esimahla” kumanzi okusela ngokuqhelekileyo libhekisela kumlinganiselo we-hypochlorous acid kunye ne-hypochlorite emanzini. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ezi zinto zahlukile kwiklorini yemolekyuli. |
Imbali yegesi yeklorine
Ngubani ofumene i-sodium hypochlorite?
igesi chlorine yafunyanwa ngo-1774
I-sodium hypochlorite yafunyanwa kwi-1774 yi-chemist yaseSweden uCarl Wilhelm Scheele, kwaye kwiminyaka elishumi elinanye kamva umFrentshi uClaude Berthollet wabonisa iimpawu zayo.
owasungula i-sodium hypochlorite
Ngubani odale igesi yeklorine cl2
Ngo-1789, usokhemisti waseFransi uClaude Louis Berthollet (1748-1822) wadibanisa ikhompawundi entsha enesibulali-ntsholongwane kunye neempawu zokuthambisa awayibiza ngokuba ngamanzi eJavel. Yayiyi-sodium hypochlorite, eyaziwa ngokuba yibleach.
Yaqala ukusetyenziswa nini igesi yeklorine?
I-sodium hypochlorite yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwishishini lelaphu, ukwenza amalaphu ekotoni abe mhlophe, kwaye ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.
Kodwa, ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, yayingumzuzu apho uLouis Pasteur wafumanisa ukuba i-microorganisms yimbangela yezifo ezosulelayo kwaye iphumelele ukuthandwa kwayo njenge-antiseptic.
Ngaloo ndlela, i-bleach powder, indibaniselwano yeklorini kunye nobisi lwekalika, yayiyeyona arhente yokucoca i-bleach de kwaba ngoo-1920. Kuphela emva koko yatshintshwa yi-liquefied chlorine kunye ne-sodium hypochlorite.
I-sodium hypochlorite isetyenziswa namhlanje
I-sodium hypochlorite isetyenziswa ngoku
I-sodium hypochlorite isetyenziswa namhlanje kunyango lwamanzi, kwi-bleaching of textiles kunye nokuveliswa kweemveliso zokucoca. Ucoceko lwasekhaya kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane zihlala zisetyenziswa mihla le.
igesi chlorine ngokomzimba
Irhasi yeklorini isetyenziselwa ntoni
Isebenza njani igesi yeklorine?
El igesi chlorine Yinto eluhlaza-tyheli, inetyhefu kunye ne-oxidizing, esetyenziselwa i-oxidize isinyithi esinzima esiqulethwe emanzini, ukuphelisa iintsholongwane kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu wokusetyenziswa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yeklorini
El chlorine ine izicelo yahluka kakhulu kwishishini lemichiza, umz. umz ekwenzeni iimveliso ze-chlorinated organic (iplastiki okanye izinto zokwenziwa, i-solvents, i-insecticide, i-herbicides), kwi-pulp kunye neshishini lephepha kunye nakwiindawo zokuhlamba njenge-ejenti ye-bleaching.
Yintoni igesi ye-chlorine kunye nemiphumo yayo
Igesi ye-chlorine kunye nemiphumo yayo
I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo (EPA) ichonga ezona ndawo zenkunkuma zinobungozi esizweni. I-EPA emva koko ibeka ezi ndawo kwi-National Priorities Listexternal icon (NPL) kwaye ibatyumbe ukucoca ixesha elide ngurhulumente wobumbano. Irhasi yeklorini iyasebenza kakhulu ukuba ingabonwa kwiindawo zenkunkuma eyingozi. Nasiphi na isixa serhasi yeklorini ekhutshwa kwezi sayithi iya kuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza ibe zezinye izinto ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ibiyiklorin imithombo yoqobo.
Xa into ikhutshiwe kwindawo enkulu, umzekelo kwisityalo semizi-mveliso, okanye kwisikhongozeli esifana nomphanda okanye ibhotile, loo nto ingena kwimo engqongileyo. Olu khululo alusoloko lukhokelela ekuvezweni. Ungachanabeka kwinto ethile kuphela xa udibana nayo—ngokuyiphefumlela, ngokuyitya, okanye ngokusela loo nto, okanye ngokudibana nolusu. Ngenxa yokuba iklorini iyasebenza kakhulu, akunakufane kwenzeke ukuba ube sesichengeni sayo ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokuba isixa esikhulu sikhutshwe ngempazamo kwindawo ekufutshane.
Zininzi izinto ezigqibayo ukuba ukuvezwa kwiklorini kuya kukwenzakalisa na. Ezi zinto zibandakanya idosi (imalini), ubude bexesha (ixesha elingakanani), kunye nendlela othe wadibana ngayo nale nto. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona uqwalasele eminye imichiza ochatshazelwe kuyo, iminyaka yakho, isini, ukutya, iimpawu zomntu, indlela yokuphila, kunye nemeko yezempilo.
Ingakanani igesi yeklorine efunyenwe ngokunyanga i-80g
Ingakanani igesi yeklorin
Ngokusekelwe kwi Ukuphendula ngamachiza kubonelelwe, siqhubeka nokuqwalasela izinto ezihambelanayo zokuguqulwa, ukubala ubungakanani begesi yeklorin Cl2(g) efunyenwe ngokuphatha i-80 g MnO2 ngeHCl engaphezulu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
87g 71g
80g MnO2 * 71gCl2 / 87g MnO2= 65.28gCl2.
Iimpawu zegesi yeklorini
Iphepha ledatha ye-sodium hypochlorite
| Iimpawu zegesi yeklorini | Iphepha ledatha ye-sodium hypochlorite |
|---|---|
| Igama lezorhwebo | Igesi enyibilikisiweyo yeklorini |
| Igama lekhemikhali | Igesi yeKlorini |
| Isimboli segesi yeklorini | Cl |
| I-Chlorine igesi yeFomula yeMichiza | I-Cl2 |
| Irhasi yeklorini yeyosapho lwe: | Iklorine yenye yezinto ezine ezisondeleleneyo zekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba ziihalogens. |
| Ngubani owafumanisa i-sodium hypochlorite | UCarl Wilhelm Scheele ngowe-1774 |
| Ngubani owasungula i-sodium hypochlorite? | UClaude-Louis Berthollet kwi1789 |
| Ubukho emhlabeni: | Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-0.045% ye-crust yomhlaba yi-chlorine, kuba iyindawo yesibini kwi-reactivity phakathi kwe-halogens, kuphela emva kwe-fluorine, kwaye ke ifunyenwe ikhululekile kwindalo kuphela kumaqondo aphezulu eegesi ze-volcanic. |
| Ikhona njani igesi yeklorine? | Ukuqala, iklorine ikhona njengerhasi emthubi-luhlaza kumaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo. |
| Yenziwa njani irhasi yeklorine? | I-chlorine ekhoyo kwindalo yenziwa kwi-isotopi ezinzile yobunzima be-35 kunye ne-37; ii-isotophu ze-radioactive zilungiswe ngokungeyomfuneko. |
| Ukudibanisa igesi yeklorini kunye nezinye izinto | I-Fluorine yeyona khemikhali isebenzayo; I-iodine kunye ne-bromine zisebenza kancinci. I-chlorine ithatha indawo ye-iodine kunye ne-bromine kwiityuwa zazo. Ibandakanyeka ekutshintsheni okanye ekufakeni iimpendulo ngemathiriyeli ephilayo kunye ne-inorganic. Iklorini eyomileyo yinto engasebenziyo, kodwa imanzi idibanisa ngokuthe ngqo nezinto ezininzi. |
| Inombolo yeatom | 17 |
| Valencia | + 1, -1,3,5,7 |
| Imeko ye-oxidation | -1 |
| umbane | 3.0 |
| Irediyasi yeCovalent (Å) | 0,99 |
| Irediyasi ye-Ionic (Å) | 1,81 |
| Iradiyasi yeAtomic (Å) | - |
| Uqwalaselo lombane | [Ne] 3s23p5 |
| Ikhono lokuqala le-ionization (eV) | 13,01 |
| Iiathom zegesi yeklorine / Ubunzima beatom (g/mol) | 35,453 |
| Irhasi yeklorini ubunzima bemolekyuli; | Irhasi ye-diatomic inobunzima bemolekyuli ye-70.906. |
| Uxinzelelo lwerhasi yeklorini (g/ml) | 1,56 |
| Indawo yokubilisa (ºC) | Indawo yokubila yeklorine elulwelo (igolide-tyheli ngombala) yi-34.7ºC ku-760 mm Hg (101.325 kilopascals). |
| Iipropati ze-Thermodynamic zegesi ye-chlorine | Iimpawu ze-Thermodynamic ziquka ukushisa kwe-sublimation, okuyi-7370 (+-) 10 cal / mol kwi-OK; ubushushu bomphunga, 4878 (+-) 4 cal/mol; ku--34.05ºC; ubushushu bokudibanisa, i-1531 cal / mol; umthamo wobushushu, 7.99 cal/mol kwi-1 atm (101.325 kilopascals) kunye ne-0ºC, kunye ne-8.2 kwi-100ºC. |
| Indawo yokunyibilika (ºC) | Kwaye indawo yokunyibilika yeklorini eqinileyo yi -100.98ºC. |
| Ixeshairhasi yeklorini ubude obubalulekileyo | 144ºC |
| uxinzelelo olunzima | 76.1 atm (7.71 megapascals) |
| umthamo obalulekileyo | 1.745ml/g |
| Ukuxinana kwerhasi yeklorini | 0.573 g / ml |
Irhasi ye-chlorine yinto elula okanye edibeneyo
Idibanisa nesinyithi, i-non-metals, kunye ne-organic materials ukwenza amakhulu eekhompawundi.
Eminye imithombo yokukhutshwa kweklorini inemvelaphi yayo:
- Ukuveliswa kwephepha apho lisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-bleaching ye-pulp, nangona okwangoku ithande ukutshintshwa yi-chlorine dioxide, (ClO)2).
- Ukuveliswa kwe-vinyl chloride, i-organic compound esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-synthesis ye-polyvinyl chloride, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-PVC.
- Ukwenziwa kweekhompawundi ezininzi ze-organic kunye ne-inorganic, umzekelo i-carbon tetrachloride, i-CCl4, okanye ichloroform, CHCl3, kunye ne-metal halides ezahlukeneyo.
- Ukulungiswa kwe-hydrogen chloride ecocekileyo; lwenziwa ngokudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo, ngokwempendulo: H2 +Cl2 —- 2HCl.
sodium hypochlorite data sheet ukhuseleko insht
Athini amaKhadi oKhuseleko lweMichiza yaMazwe ngaMazwe (ICSC)
Amakhadi oKhuseleko lweMichiza yaMazwe ngaMazwe (ICSC), inguqulelo yaseSpain yaMakhadi oKhuseleko lweMichiza yaMazwe ngaMazwe (ICSCs), iqokelela ulwazi oluyimfuneko malunga nokhuseleko kunye nempilo yezinto zekhemikhali eziqinisekiswe liqela elisebenzayo lamazwe ngamazwe. I-ICSCs yimveliso edibeneyo phakathi kweNkqubo yeZizwe ngeZizwe malunga noKhuseleko lweMichiza (i-IPCS), apho i-World Health Organization kunye ne-International Labor Office ithatha inxaxheba, iKhomishini yaseYurophu kunye nenethiwekhi yehlabathi jikelele yamaziko athatha inxaxheba, kuquka i-INSST.
Iphepha ledatha yokhuseleko ye-sodium hypochlorite
Kamva, sikushiya ikhonkco ukuze ukwazi ukufikelela kwikhonkco elisemthethweni le sodium hypochlorite data sheet ukhuseleko insht.
Ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yeklorini
Igesi yeklorini yokunyanga amanzi
Unyango lwamanzi lwe-sodium hypochlorite
Olunye usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo kunyango lwamanzi asetyenziswa ngabantu, xa sele kuphelisiwe ubugqwirha bawo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-concentration ye-sodium hypochlorite yokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi ayikwazi ukudlula i-10%, kwaye ubuninzi bemveliso kufuneka bube phakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-1 mg / l.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-sodium hypochlorite esetyenziswe kule nkqubo ayikho iklorini yorhwebo, ekubeni le yokugqibela iqulethe ezinye iimveliso zeekhemikhali ezinokuba yingozi kwimpilo yabantu.
Ukongeza, kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba ikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga amanzi amdaka kunye namanzi amashishini. Oku kungenxa yokuba iphelisa amavumba angathandekiyo kwaye ikhusela ukusasazeka kwebhaktheriya kunye ne-slime.
Ngokufanayo, licandelo elifanelekileyo kunyango lwamanzi edama lokuqubha apho lisetyenziswa kugxininiso olumalunga ne-12,5% yeklorini esebenzayo, ngenxa yomthamo wayo we-oxidation. Ngaloo ndlela, ukusasazeka kwezifo ezinokusasazeka emanzini kuphetshwa kwaye i-microorganisms ekhoyo kuyo iyacinywa.
Irhasi yeklorini njengesibulali ntsholongwane kwidama
I-sodium hypochlorite yamachibi okuqubha
Ngokufanayo, licandelo elifanelekileyo kunyango lwamanzi edama lokuqubha apho lisetyenziswa kugxininiso olumalunga ne-12,5% yeklorini esebenzayo, ngenxa yomthamo wayo we-oxidation. Ngaloo ndlela, ukusasazeka kwezifo ezinokusasazeka emanzini kuphetshwa kwaye i-microorganisms ekhoyo kuyo iyacinywa.
ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hypochlorite yamazinyo
ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hypochlorite yamazinyo
I-sodium hypochlorite iphinda isetyenziswe kwizisombululo njenge-arhente yokunkcenkceshela kwezinye iinkqubo zamazinyo njengoko inceda ukulwa nokusuleleka kwebhaktheriya, i-spores, i-fungi kunye nokusasazeka kweentsholongwane. Ukongeza, inceda ukunyibilikisa izicubu ezifileyo.
Izisombululo zolu hlobo lokusetyenziswa zine-concentration ephantsi kakhulu ye-sodium hypochlorite kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le khompawundi-kwimilinganiselo encinci-ikwasetyenziswa kwintsimi yezempilo ukunyanga i-eczema.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hypochlorite yonyango
Ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yeklorini kumayeza
Ngokufanayo, yimveliso eluncedo kakhulu ekubulaweni kweentsholongwane kwizinto zotyando okanye izixhobo ezifuna inqanaba eliphezulu lokuvala inzala.
I-sodium hypochlorite isetyenziswa kwishishini
I-chlorine yegesi yokuthambisa amalaphu kunye namalaphu
Olunye usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lwebleach okanye i-sodium hypochlorite kukujika kombala welaphu. Oku kwenziwa ngenjongo yokufezekisa ukujonga okugugile okanye ukuguga ngokukhawuleza. Le nkqubo idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiingubo zelinen, i-jean kunye nekotoni.
Irhasi yeklorini imingcipheko yokudubula kwesicelo
igesi chlorine indlela yokusebenzisa
| INGOZI | UKUTHINTELWA | UMLWENI NOMLILO | |
|---|---|---|---|
| UMLILO KUNYE NODUMBO | Ayinakutsha kodwa iququzelela ukutsha kwezinye izinto. Ukusabela okuninzi kunokubangela umlilo okanye ugqabhuko-dubulo. Umngcipheko womlilo kunye nokudubula. Jonga iiNgozi zeMichiza. | AKUKHO kudityaniswa nezinto ezitshayo. Isixokelelwano esivaliweyo, ukungena komoya, ukukhanya okungagqabhukiyo kunye nezixhobo zombane. Musa ukuzibeka esichengeni sokukhuhlana okanye ukothuka. | Kwimeko yomlilo kwindawo engqongileyo: sebenzisa isixhobo sokucima esifanelekileyo. Xa kutsha: gcina amagubu kunye nolunye ufakelo lubanda ngokutshiza ngamanzi. Ukulwa nomlilo kwindawo ekhuselweyo |
Iziphumo zeklorini kwimpilo
Apho Ukubonakaliswa kweKlorini Kwenzeka
Ukuvezwa kweklorini kunokwenzeka kwindawo yokusebenza okanye kwindawo engqongileyo ekukhutshweni emoyeni, emanzini, okanye emhlabeni.
Abantu abasebenzisa iblitshi kwindawo yabo yokuhlamba iimpahla kunye neekhemikhali ezineklorini abaqhelekanga ukuvezwa kwiklorini ngokwayo. I-Chlorine ifumaneka kuphela kwiindawo zoshishino.
I-chlorine ingena emzimbeni ngokuphefumla umoya ongcolileyo okanye ngokutya ukutya okanye amanzi angcolileyo. Ayihlali emzimbeni, ngenxa yokuphinda isebenze.
Iziphumo zeklorini kwimpilo yabantu zixhomekeke kubungakanani beklorini ekhoyo, kunye nexesha kunye nokuvela rhoqo. Iziphumo nazo zixhomekeke kwimpilo yomntu kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo xa ukuvezwa kwenzeka.
Iingcebiso malunga ne-sodium hypochlorite
Zeziphi iingcebiso ezenziwe ngurhulumente womanyano ukukhusela impilo yoluntu?
Urhulumente wobumbano uphuhlisa imimiselo kunye neengcebiso zokukhusela impilo yoluntu.
Imimiselo inokunyanzeliswa ngumthetho. I-EPA, i-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), kunye noLawulo lokuTya kunye neDrug (FDA) ngamanye ama-arhente aseburhulumenteni aphuhlisa imimiselo yezinto ezinobuthi. Izindululo zinika imiyalelo ebalulekileyo yokukhusela impilo yoluntu, kodwa ayinakunyanzeliswa ngumthetho. I-Arhente ye-Toxic Substances kunye neRegistry yeZifo (ATSDR) kunye ne-CDC yeSizwe yeZiko loKhuseleko lwezeMisebenzi kunye neMpilo (NIOSH) ngamalungu amabini e-federal aphuhlisa iingcebiso kwizinto ezinobuthi.
Imimiselo kunye neengcebiso zingabonakaliswa "njengamanqanaba angenakugqithiswa", ngamanye amazwi, amanqanaba ezinto ezinobuthi emoyeni, emanzini, emhlabeni, okanye ekutyeni okungagqithisi kumanqanaba abalulekileyo asekelwe ngokubanzi kwizinto ezichaphazelayo. izilwanyana. La manqanaba ke ngoko ahlengahlengiswa ukuze kukhuselwe abantu. Ngamanye amaxesha la "amanqanaba angagqithisiyo" ahluke phakathi kwemibutho ye-federal ngenxa yobude obuhlukeneyo bokuvezwa (usuku lweeyure ze-8 okanye usuku lweeyure ze-24), ukusetyenziswa kwezifundo zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo, okanye ezinye izinto.
Iingcebiso kunye nemimiselo zihlaziywa ngamaxesha athile njengoko ulwazi olongezelelweyo lufumaneka. Ngolwazi lwamva nje, jonga kwi-arhente yeFederal okanye umbutho oyikhuphayo.
Le ilandelayo yimimiselo kunye neengcebiso malunga neklorini:
| Amanqanaba omoya asekwe yi-EPA | I-EPA ibeke umda we-chlorine emoyeni kwi-0.5 ppm. Ukuvezwa kumanqanaba aphezulu kunokubangela ukungakhululeki kunye nokucaphuka. Ngokuxhomekeke kugxininiso, ezi ziphumo zinokuthi zibuyiselwe umva xa ukuvezwa kuphelisa. |
|---|---|
| I-OSHA yaseka amaNqanaba oMoya woMsebenzi | I-OSHA ibeke umda osemthethweni we-1 ppm ye-chlorine emoyeni. Eli nqanaba akufanele ligqithwe nangaliphi na ixesha. |
| Amanqanaba kumanzi okusela asekwe yi-EPA | I-EPA ibeke inqanaba eliphezulu lokungcola (MCL) kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu le-disinfection residual level (MRDL) ye-0.4 mg / L ye-chlorine yamahhala emanzini okusela. |
Iintsapho zinokuwunciphisa njani umngcipheko wokuba sesichengeni seklorini?
Nciphisa umngcipheko wokuba sesichengeni seklorini
| Musa ukuxuba iblitshi nolunye ulwelo ukuze uzicoce | Xa i-bleach ixutywe kunye nolunye ulwelo lokucoca oluqulethe i-asidi, njengezicoci zesitya sendlu yangasese, igesi yeklorini inokukhutshwa. Ukudibanisa ibleach neammonia kukwavelisa iigesi eziyityhefu, ezifana nekloramines. |
|---|---|
| Gcina imichiza esetyenziswa ekhaya kwindawo apho abantwana bangenakufikelela khona | Ukuthintela ukutyhefeka ngempazamo, soloko ugcina imichiza yasekhaya kwizikhongozelo zayo zokuqala, ezilebhile nakude nabantwana. Ungaze ugcine ezi mveliso kwipakethe elungele abantwana, efana neebhotile zesoda. |
| Landela imiyalelo yokubulala iintsholongwane emanzini | Irhasi yeklorine nayo inokukhutshwa xa izibulali-ntsholongwane zamanzi echibini zisetyenziswa ngendlela engafanelekanga. Ukuba unedama lokuqubha ekhaya, funda ngokucophelela ileyibhile kwiimveliso zeklorin kwaye ungavumeli abantwana ukuba badlale ngale mveliso. |
Ngaba lukhona uvavanyo lwezonyango olubonisa ukuba ndikhe ndachanabeka kwiklorini?
Uvavanyo olukhoyo lokubonakaliswa koqhagamshelwano lweklorini
| Akukho vavanyo lwezonyango lweklorine | Alukho uvavanyo lwezonyango lokujonga ukuba ngaba ubukhe wachanabeka kwiklorini na.Emzimbeni, iklorini iyatshintshwa ibe yikloridi, icandelo lendalo lomzimba. Ukubona ukwanda okukhulu kwekloridi egazini, umntu kuya kufuneka asele okanye aphefumle isixa esikhulu seklorini. Oku kwenzeke kwiimeko ezimbalwa zokungeniswa kwezixa eziphezulu kakhulu ze-hypochlorite isisombululo; elinye lala matyala yaba lityala elibulalayo. |
|---|
Iqondo lomngcipheko we-chlorine yegesi
I-1st effect sodium hypochlorite
Irhasi yeklorini iyanxilisa
Ityhefu yeklorini
ukunxila nge chlorine kunokubangela iimpawu kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba: kubangela okanye kunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphefumla), ukudumba komqala, i-pulmonary edema, umqala obuhlungu, intlungu okanye ukutshisa empumlweni, emehlweni, ezindlebeni, emilebeni, okanye elulwimini, ityhubhu itshisa ukutya. , intlungu yesisu, ukuhlanza
Ukudibana kwamehlo: Iklorini elulwelo okanye enegesi
Ekugxininiseni okuphezulu kubangela ukungaboni kakuhle kunye nokukhubazeka, ubomvu, intlungu kunye nokutshisa kakhulu kwezicubu ze-ocular, ezibangela ukungaboni.
Ukutyhileka okuNgapheliyo: Uxinzelelo oluphantsi lwegesi yekhlorine emoyeni luvelisa ukukhanya
iimpawu ezicaphukisayo emva kweeyure zokuvezwa.
I-2nd effect sodium hypochlorite
Ulwazi lwegesi ye-chlorine: imveliso esebenzayo
I-Chlorine yigesi esebenza kakhulu.
Yinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo. Abona bathengi bakhulu beklorine ziinkampani ezivelisa i-ethylene dichloride kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi ezineklorini, iireyini zepolyvinyl chloride (PVC), iichlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), kunye nepropylene oxide. Iinkampani zamaphepha zisebenzisa iklorin ukwenza iphepha libe mhlophe. Amanzi kunye nezityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka zisebenzisa i-chlorine ukunciphisa amanqanaba eentsholongwane ezinokuthi zisasaze izifo kubantu (i-disinfection).
I-3st effect sodium hypochlorite
ukuphefumla igesi yeklorini
ukuphefumla igesi yeklorine
:Irhasi yeklorini iyacaphukisa kakhulu kwi-membrane ye-mucous yenkqubo yokuphefumla, ibangela isicaphucaphu, intloko ebuhlungu kunye nokuvalwa kwenkqubo ye-nervous.
Kwiindawo eziphezulu zokuphefumla, ukuphefumla ngokubulaleka kuyenyuka de kube sekufeni ngenxa yokufuthanisela okanye inyumoniya yekhemikhali.
Ukuphefumla ixabiso elincinci leklorini ixesha elifutshane lichaphazela kakubi inkqubo yokuphefumla komntu.
Iziphumo ziqala ukukhohlela kunye neentlungu zesifuba ukuya ekugcineni amanzi emiphungeni. I-Chlorine icaphukisa ulusu, amehlo kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla.
Ezi ziphumo azinakwenzeka kumanqanaba eklorini aqhele ukufunyanwa kwindalo.
Iziphumo zempilo yabantu ezinxulumene nokuphefumla okanye ukutya iimali ezincinci zeklorini ixesha elide azaziwa.
Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abasebenzi bavelisa iziphumo ezibi ukusuka ekutyhilekeni ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuphefumla kwiklorini, kodwa abanye abakwenzi.
I-4nd effect sodium hypochlorite
Ukucaphuka kwerhasi yeklorini xa udibana nolusu
I-chlorine yegesi ibangela ukucaphuka kunye nokutshisa kwendawo.
I-5nd effect sodium hypochlorite
Ukungeniswa kolwelo lweChlorine akunakwenzeka
Irhasi yeklorini iba ngumphunga njengoko igama layo libonisa irhasi ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukuyifunxa. Uqhagamshelwano lwesikhumba:
Ndingadibana njani neklorine?
| Uninzi lwabantu aluyi kuboniswa kwiklorini | Ngenxa yokuba iklorini isebenza kakhulu, ayibonakali ngokubanzi kwindawo engqongileyo ngaphandle kwamanqanaba aphantsi kakhulu emoyeni waselwandle. |
|---|---|
| Ukuba sesichengeni ngengozi kwiklorini | Ukuba kukho ingozi, njengokuchitheka kolwelo lweklorini, ukukhutshwa kweklorin kwitanki, okanye kwindawo eyenza okanye esebenzisa iklorini, unokuvezwa kwiklorin ngokuphefumla umoya ongcolileyo okanye ngokudibana kwesikhumba okanye kwamehlo neklorin. .Ungafakwa kwiklorini ukuba uxuba imichiza yasekhaya, efana nejiki kunye nolwelo lokugungxula kwindlu yangasese. I-Hypochlorous acid isetyenziselwa ukunyanga amanzi edama lokuqubha. Unokuchaneka kwigesi yeklorine ukuba usebenzisa le michiza ngokungafanelekanga. |
| umoya emsebenzini | Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo apho iklorini isetyenziswa okanye isenziwa khona banokuthi babe sesichengeni kumanqanaba asezantsi eklorini ngexesha besemsebenzini.Ukuvezwa kumanqanaba aphezulu kunokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhutshwa ngengozi kwezixa ezikhulu zeklorini. |
Ingena njani iklorine kwaye iwushiye umzimba?
| Igesi yeklorini ingena emzimbeni wakho kuphela xa uyiphefumlela. | Irhasi yeklorin inokungena emzimbeni wakho ngeempumlo okanye ngomlomo wakho.. Xa kugxininiso olusezantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-10 ppm), phantse yonke iklorin ikhutshwa emoyeni kwimizila yomoya ephezulu kwaye yintwana encinci kakhulu enokufikelela kwimibhobho yomoya. isisombululo se-hypochlorite, sinokusabela nge-asidi esiswini sakho ukwenza igesi ye-chlorine. |
|---|---|
| Isabela kwangoko kunye neminye imichiza | Irhasi yeklorini idibana namanzi kwiiseli ezikumphezulu weendlela zomoya kwaye zenze ezinye iikhompawundi ezibangela ukucaphuka.Inkoliso yezi khompawundi ekugqibeleni iguqulwa ibe yikloridi, icandelo eliqhelekileyo lomzimba. |
Ingayichaphazela njani impilo yam iklorine?
Eli candelo libonisa ulwazi malunga neziphumo zempilo ezinokubakho ebantwini nakwizilwanyana.
| Uvelwano olufutshane kwigesi yeklorin | Ezi ziphumo zilandelayo ziye zabonwa ebantwini ngokufutshane kwi-chlorine: Ukucaphuka kwempumlo encinci kwi-1-3 ppm Ukucaphuka kwamehlo kwi-5 ppm Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-throat kwi-5-15 ppm Intlungu yesifuba ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlanza, ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphefumula, kunye nokukhwehlela kwi-30 ppmlung umonakalo. inyumoniya enetyhefu) kunye ne-pulmonary edema (ulwelo emiphungeni) kwi-40-60 ppmdeath emva kwemizuzu engama-30 yokuvezwa kwi-430 ppmdeath emva kwemizuzu embalwa yokuvezwa kwi-1,000 ppmOlu lwazi luqikelelweyo; iziphumo zikwaxhomekeke kwixesha lokuvezwa. Ngokubanzi, abantu abaneemeko ezinje nge-allergies okanye i-hay fever, okanye abatshaya kakhulu, badla ngokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu kunabantu abasempilweni entle okanye abangatshayiyo. |
|---|---|
| Ukuboniswa ixesha elide kwigesi yeklorine | Akukho ziphumo ziyingozi zichaziweyo kubasebenzi abatyhileke iminyaka ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphantsi ngokwentelekiso lweklorini (malunga ne-1 ppm) Kwizilwanyana ezityhilekileyo ixesha elide, iziphumo bezijongwa ikakhulu kwizicubu ezingaphakathi empumlweni. |
| Utyhileko olufutshane lomlomo ngokufunxa isisombululo se-hypochlorite | Ukusela ixabiso elincinci lesisombululo se-hypochlorite (ngaphantsi kwekomityi) kunokubangela ukucaphuka kwe-esophagus. Ukusela isisombululo se-hypochlorite esigxininisiweyo singonakalisa kakhulu indawo ephezulu yokugaya kwaye kunokubangela ukufa. Ezi ziphumo mhlawumbi zibangelwa yimpawu ezonakalisayo zesisombululo se-hypochlorite kwaye kungekhona ngokutyhila kwi-chlorine ye-molecular. |
| Ukuvezwa komlomo ixesha elide ngokungeniswa kwesisombululo se-hypochlorite | Akukho lwazi malunga nemiphumo yokutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide lesisombululo se-hypochlorite kubantu. Kwizilwanyana ezisela isisombululo se-hypochlorite emanzini iminyaka eyi-2, akukho miphumo ebalulekileyo yabonwa. Isixa se-hypochlorite emanzini eselwayo zizilwanyana sasingaphantsi kakhulu kunolwelo lwe-bleaching yasekhaya. |
| Ukubonakaliswa kwesikhumba kwisisombululo se-hypochlorite | Ukuchitha isisombululo se-hypochlorite esikhumbeni kunokubangela ukucaphuka. Ubunzima bemiphumo buxhomekeke kugxininiso lwe-sodium hypochlorite kwi-bleach. |
I-chlorine ingabachaphazela njani abantwana?
Eli candelo lixoxa ngeziphumo zempilo ezinokubakho ebantwini ezibangelwa kukuvezwa ukusuka ekukhawulweni ukuya ekukhuleni (iminyaka eyi-18).
| Iziphumo ezifanayo kubantwana nakubantu abadala kodwa abantwana banokuba novakalelo ngakumbi | Ukubonakaliswa okufutshane (imizuzu) kwiindawo eziphezulu zeklorini kuchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo (umzekelo, ukucaphuka kwe-mucous membranes kunye ne-respiratory tract). Akwaziwa ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ezinokuthi zenzeke kubantwana abavezwe ixesha elide (iiveki okanye ngaphezulu) kumanqanaba aphantsi eklorini, kodwa olu hlobo lokuvezwa lwenzeka kuphela kubasebenzi kwaye alusebenzi ebantwaneni. Akwaziwa nokuba zeziphi iziphumo ezinokuthi zenzeke kubantwana abavezwe ixesha elide ukuya kumanqanaba asezantsi esisombululo se-hypochlorite. |
|---|---|
| Iziphene zokuzalwa | Akwaziwa ukuba ukuvelelwa kwigesi yechlorine ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokumenzakalisa umntwana ongekazalwa kuba akukho zifundo zabasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye izilwanyana ezisesichengeni segesi yechlorine Uphononongo kwiimpuku ezivezwe kwisisombululo se-hypochlorite ngexesha lokukhulelwa alufumananga bungqina beziphene zokuzalwa. ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kwinzala. Umthamo we-hypochlorite iigundane ezisetyenzisiweyo wawuphezulu kakhulu kunokuba abantu badla ngokusela amanzi okusela. |
Ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yeklorini
Sisebenzisela ntoni i-sodium hypochlorite?
Irhasi yeklorini isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane emanzini.
I-Chlorine yikhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso esetyenziswa ekwenzeni amawaka eemveliso. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukubulala iintsholongwane emanzini, nangona iklorini itshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwezinye izinto ekuqaleni kwenkqubo.
Irhasi yeklorini yokwenza amanzi asele
Irhasi yeklorini yamanzi okusela
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukugxilan ye-sodium hypochlorite yokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi ayinakudlula i-10%, kwaye ubuninzi bemveliso kufuneka bube phakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-1 mg / l.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-sodium hypochlorite esetyenziswe kule nkqubo ayikho iklorini yorhwebo, ekubeni le yokugqibela iqulethe ezinye iimveliso zeekhemikhali ezinokuba yingozi kwimpilo yabantu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi amdaka e-sodium hypochlorite
Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ekwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ilindle kunye namanzi emizi-mveliso. Oku kungenxa yokuba iphelisa amavumba angathandekiyo kwaye ikhusela ukusasazeka kwebhaktheriya kunye ne-slime.
Irhasi yeklorini kumadama okuqubha
Ukufumana zonke iinkcukacha zeklorin yokuqubha fikelela kwiphepha lethu elinikezelwe kulo Iimfihlo zokubulala iintsholongwane kwidama lokuqubha:
Yenziwa njani irhasi yeklorin?
UkuThengisa ihypochlorite yesodium
Inkqubo yokwenza i-sodium hypochlorite
Inkqubo yokuqala ye-electrolytic yokuvelisa i-chlorine yayinelungelo elilodwa lomenzi ngo-1851 nguCharles Watt e-Great Britain. Ngo-1868, uHenry Deacon wavelisa i-chlorine kwi-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-oxygen kwi-400ºC (750ºF), esebenzisa i-chloride yobhedu efakwe kwi-pumice njenge-catalyst. Iiseli zanamhlanje ze-electrolytic ziphantse zihlale zihlelwa njengodidi lwe-diaphragm kunye nohlobo lwemekyuri. Zomibini zivelisa izinto ezinobungozi (i-NaOH okanye i-KOH), i-chlorine kunye ne-hydrogen. Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho we-chlorine kunye ne-alkali industry ikakhulukazi ibandakanya ukuthengiswa okulinganayo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi kwe-caustic kunye neklorini kwimilinganiselo apho ifunyenwe yinkqubo yeseli ye-electrolytic.
Ukufumana igesi yeklorine
Ividiyo indlela igesi yeklorin eyenziwa ngayo
Le vidiyo ibonisa indlela yokufumana igesi yeklorin ekuphenduleni phakathi kwe-manganese dioxide kunye ne-hydrochloric acid.
Uyenza njani i-sodium hypochlorite yasekhaya
Inkqubo yendlela yokwenza i-sodium hypochlorite
I-sodium hypochlorite inokufumaneka ngokuxuba i-chlorine kunye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide kwi-medium aqueous, kuxhomekeke kwimpendulo.
Okwangoku sifumana i-sodium hypochlorite ngenkqubo ye-electrolysis apho izinto ezifana netyuwa, amanzi kunye netanki ye-electrolytic zingenelela. Kule itanki kukho ipali encomekayo kunye nebi, ipali evumayo ikhupha iklorin kwindawo enerhasi efunyanwayo ukwenziwa kwehypochlorite kunye nepali engalunganga ikhupha i-hydrogen ephela ilahlwa.
indlela yokwenza ibleach yasekhaya
Ividiyo yendlela yokwenza i-sodium hypochlorite
Uyilungisa njani i-sodium hypochlorite 13
I-sodium hypochlorite kwi-13 indlela yokuyihlambulula
Okulandelayo, kule vidiyo uya kuyazi ifomula kunye nendlela yokwazi ukuba i-hypochlorite yakho ngokwenene yi-13%,
Irhasi ye-chlorine apho uthenge khona
I-Chlorine yeyona khemikhali yesibulali-ntsholongwane esetyenziswa kakhulu kumadama okuqubha.
I-Chlorine sesona sanitizer saziwayo samadama
I-Chlorine (Cl) yenye yezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zeekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukuphelisa ii-microorganisms ezinokuchaphazela amanzi ethu.
Iimveliso ze-chlorine zezona zinto zisetyenziswa rhoqo kunyango lwemichiza yamanzi.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeKlorini emanzini Injongo yokubulala iintsholongwane kukuphelisa iintsholongwane ze-pathogenic kunye nokuqinisekisa ukungabikho kwazo zonke iintsholongwane ezosulelayo (iibhaktheriya okanye iintsholongwane) emanzini. Iimveliso ze-chlorine zezona zinto zisetyenziswa rhoqo kunyango lwamanzi ngenxa yokungabi nabungozi kunye nokulula kokulawula amanqanaba azo.
Njengoko usenokuba uyazi, iklorini sesona sicoci samanzi saziwayo, kodwa zininzi ezinye iindlela zokucoca ngoku kwishishini onokuthi uzisebenzise ukugcina idama lakho licocekile.
ixabiso legesi chlorine
i-sodium hypochlorite ukuthenga
Thenga igesi yeklorini
Okulandelayo. Cofa kwikhonkco kwaye siya kukuthumela kwakhona ekungeneni kwethu kwe: I-sodium hypochlorite apho kuthengwa zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo
I-Automatic Floating Chlorine Dispenser for Pools and Spas
I-automatic chlorine gas dispenser kumadama okuqubha
Ukubonelela ngegesi yeklorine ezinzileyo echibini okanye kwi-spa ukugcina iintsalela zeklorini ezaneleyo echibini.
Inkcazelo oluzenzekelayo sodium hypochlorite dispenser for swimming pool
Kwiqula lokuqubha iklorine dispenser iinkcukacha zemveliso
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa: vula nje isiciko, yongeza iipilisi zeklorini kancinci kwaye uzibeke echibini emva kokulungelelanisa imveliso.
- 【UQhagamshelwano lokuHamba oluLungisayo】: Izihlanganisi ezisecaleni ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukulawula ukukhutshwa kweklorini. Unako ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba kweyeza kwimeko yangempela ye-pool
- Ukudada kulula ukudada: Isixhobo sokuhambisa ithebhulethi yeklorini inokudada ngokulula kumphezulu wedama ukuze usasaze iklorin ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga nomxholo wekhlorine equleni lakho. Isivalo sokutshixa sigcina iipilisi zeklorini zikhuselekile ukuze zikhuseleke, amava amnandi echibini
- Umgangatho ophezulu: Yenziwe ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezikhuselekileyo, ezisempilweni kwaye zomelele, zingaphinda zisetyenziswe
- Indawo esebenzayo: Inokusetyenziswa kwidama lakho lokuqubha, ipaki yamanzi okanye i-spa, ikunika amava angcono emanzini.
Sisebenza njani isitshizi seklorine edadayo?
Ukusetyenziswa kweklorini edadayo yokukhupha
Inkqubo yokudosa irhasi yeklorini kumadama okuqubha
Izinto ezifunekayo kwisixhobo sokuhambisa igesi yeklorin kumadama okuqubha
Amacandelo ayinxalenye yolu hlobo lwenkqubo yokudosa kumadama okuqubha abonisiwe.
isixhobo sokukhupha igesi yeklorini
Thenga i-sodium hypochlorite dispenser
[amazon box= «B091T3S8YG, B0029424YU, B092M7QXZW » button_text=»Thenga» ]
Iinkqubo ze-DULCO zegesi yeklorini yokudosa®Wowu
Indlela i-DULCO sodium hypochlorite system isebenza ngayo®Wowu
Kwinkqubo ye-DULCO yokudosa®Irhasi yeklorine yeVaq isetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kwevacuum.
Ngoxinzelelo olubi oluveliswe kwi-injector, i-vacuum dosing regulator efakwe kwi-container ye-chlorine yegesi iyavula, ibangela ukuba i-chlorine yegesi ifikelele emanzini ukuba inyangwe. Iivalvu zohlengahlengiso zilawula ubungakanani bomthamo kunye ne-flowmeter ibonisa ngokuchanekileyo izinga lokuhamba kwegesi ye-chlorine. Ukongeza amanye amacandelo anjengeenjini zokulawula iivalvu, ii-injection okanye abakhethi bevacuum bandisa amathuba okwenza inkqubo ngokwezifiso.
Amacandelo e-DULCO asetyenziswa kwizicelo zamashishini kunye nonyango lwamanzi amaninzi.®I-ProMinent Vaq yofakelo olukhulu lweklorin.
Kule meko, amacandelo afana ne-evaporators, i-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, abakhethi boxinzelelo, izixhobo ze-dosing kunye nezixhobo zegumbi ezihambelanayo nazo zisetyenziswa.
Kuyilo oluthe ngqo kwiprojekthi, amagcisa eProMinent aqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko yamva nje.
Iimpawu zenkqubo ye-DULCO yokudosa®I-Vaq ye-chlorine yegesi
Iipropati zenkqubo yegesi yeklorini ye-DULCO
Ukhuseleko olugqibeleleyo kumthengi kunye nomsebenzisi ubulela kwiinkqubo ze-DULCO zegesi yeklorini yokudosa®Vaq evela kwiProMinent.
- Izixhobo zokujongwa kwegesi yeklorini ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200 kg / h
- I-evaporator yeklorine ethembekileyo kwindawo yokuhlambela amanzi
- uxinzelelo kunye ne-vacuum switch
- Inkqubo yokuvala ingxakeko
- Neutralizers / Scrubbers
- Iinkqubo zokuweyisha kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo
- Iimpompo zamanzi ezishukumisayo
- Izixhobo zokhuseleko zegumbi
Intsimi yesicelo i-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
- Ukusela unyango lwamanzi
- ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka
- Ukupholisa unyango lwamanzi
- Ukunyanga amanzi kwidama lokuqubha
Izinto eziluncedo eziphambili DULCO Sodium Hypochlorite System®Wowu
IiNzuzo eziphambili zeDULCO Sodium Hypochlorite System®Wowu
- Inkqubo eqinisekisiweyo kunye neyinkimbinkimbi
- Idosi echanekileyo nakwizinga eliphezulu lokuhamba
- Iqondo eliphezulu lokuzisebenzela
- Uyilo olomeleleyo
- Gqibezela uluhlu lwemveliso yofakelo oluhambelana ne-DIN19606
Thenga inkqubo yegesi yeklorin
Thenga isixhobo se-sodium hypochlorite DULCO®Wowu
Ngoko ke, sikunika idilesi yokuqhagamshelana nawe.yenza kunye nomthengisi weenkqubo zokudosa ze-DULCO: Iinkqubo ze-DULCO zegesi yeklorini yokudosa®Wowu
Imveliso ye-1 ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Isilawuli se-vacuum segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Iimpawu zesilawuli se-vacuum yegesi yeklorini ye-DULCO®Wowu
Umthamo: ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200kg/h
I-DULCO vacuum regulator®I-Vaq CGVa ithatha igesi yeklorin ngokwezoqoqosho nangokufanelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana ne-tantalum kunye nesilivere ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokuthembeka.
Izinto eziluncedo eziphambili kwiVacuum Regulator yeChlorine Gas DULCO®Wowu
- Ukhuseleko oluphezulu lubulela inkqubo ye-vacuum edibeneyo
- Ukhuseleko oluphezulu lokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana ne-tantalum kunye nesilivere
- Amacandelo kunye nezincedisi zilungelelaniswe omnye komnye
- I-ventilation yokhuseleko edibeneyo
I-2nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Ivalve elawulayo enegesi yeklorini yegesi DULCO®Wowu
Iimpawu Ivalve elawulayo enegesi yeklorini yegesi iDULCO®Wowu
Umthamo: 12g/h ukuya kwi-15kg/h
Ivalve yokulawula enemoto ye-DULCO®IVaq PM 3531 inoxanduva lokulawula ngekhompyutha umthamo ochanekileyo wokuqukuqela kwerhasi yeklorini. Ukuziphatha komgaqo womgca kuqinisekiswa yi-motor stepper elawulwa ngaphandle.
Izinto eziphambili eziluncedo kwivalve elawulayo yegesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
- Ukuziphatha komgca wolawulo lwedosi echanekileyo
- Imisebenzi emininzi yolawulo kunye nolwazi
- Imowudi yokusebenza ezenzekelayo kunye nesandla
- Iyalinganiseka
- Ukuvala ukhuseleko oluzenzekelayo
- Kulula ukulawula, umzekelo nge-DULCOMARIN® okanye uMlawuli weDACb
Imveliso ye-3 ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Isikhethi sevacuum segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Iimpawu Umkhethi we-vacuum we-chlorine yegesi ye-DULCO®Wowu
Umthamo: 12g/h ukuya kwi-120kg/h
DULCO vacuum abakhethi®I-Vaq PM 400 kunye ne-440 itshintshela kwesinye sezikhongozeli ezimbini zegesi yeklorini ngokuzenzekelayo nangokuthembeka. Ngale ndlela baququzelela unikezelo olungaphazamisekiyo lwegesi yeklorin naxa esinye sezikhongozeli singenanto.
Iinzuzo eziphambili Isikhethi sokufunxa segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
- Utshintshiselwano oluzenzekelayo lwemithombo yegesi yeklorin
- Inkqubo yokusebenza kweVacuum kuphela ngaphandle kwamandla ancedisayo angaphandle
- Ukufakwa okulula kunye nokugunyazisa
I-4nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Isitofu segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Iimpawu zesitofu segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Umthamo: 12g/h ukuya kwi-200kg/h
I-DULCO i-series i-chlorine ii-injection zegesi®IVaq yenza ivacuum ezinzileyo nakuxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza.
Iimpawu zesitofu segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
- Indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuvelisa ivacuum
- Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 bar yoxinzelelo lwangasemva
- Ivalve yokukhangela edibeneyo
- Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxhoma
- Uyilo olomeleleyo
Isilumkiso Ukuze ukhethe impompo yamanzi enesizathu esifanelekileyo, i-injector curves iyafumaneka kuzo zonke iimodeli.
I-5nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Isixhobo sokudosa ngokuzenzekelayo segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Izinto ezikhethekileyo Isixhobo sokudosa esizenzekelayo serhasi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Umthamo: 12g/h - 15kg/h
Isixhobo sokudosa irhasi ye-DULCO chlorine®Uhlobo lweVaq lwe-PM 3610 C luqinisekisa ukujongwa okuzenzekelayo kweklorini yegesi. Ukuphathwa okulula kuvumela ukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokuchaneka ngokwemigangatho yangoku yeteknoloji, ngokwesiqhelo se-DIN.
Izinto eziluncedo Isixhobo sokudosa esizenzekelayo segesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
- I-automatic chlorine gas dosing
- Xhuma kunye nokudlala
- Ngokutsho kweDIN 19606
- iBhodi Mounted System
- Ivalve yokulawula enemoto eneendlela ezahlukeneyo zolawulo
- isiciko esisebenzayo
I-6nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Inkqubo yokuvala ingxamiseko ezenzekelayo yegesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Ubunye Inkqubo yoqhawulo olungxamisekileyo oluzenzekelayo lweklorini yegesi
Ukuvalwa ngokuzenzekelayo kweevalvu zegesi yeklorini ngemizuzwana.
Inkqubo yokuvala umbane kaxakeka yokunqunyulwa kwegesi yeklorini ngokuzenzekelayo kwandisa ukhuseleko kubasebenzi kunye nezixhobo. Iyunithi yokulawula edibeneyo kunye nenkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla olungaphazamisekiyo ngokuthembekileyo inqumle i-valve yegesi ye-chlorine kwimeko engxamisekileyo, nangona kukho ukusilela kombane.
IiPros Inkqubo yokuvala ngokukhawuleza kaxakeka yegesi yeklorin
- Vala ngqo kwivalve
- Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, ivala naluphi na uhlobo lwe-valve yegesi ye-chlorine kwimiba yemizuzwana
- Ukusebenza kombane kuxhaswa ngumbane ongaphazamisekiyo (UPS)
- Umzuzu wetorque ohlengahlengiswayo wokuvalwa okukhuselekileyo
- Inketho yokuphucula iinkqubo ezikhoyo zegesi yeklorin
- Indibano elula, engenazo izixhobo kunye nokuqhaqha xa utshintsha isitya
I-7nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
I-Evaporator ye-chlorine yegesi ye-DULCO®Wowu
Iipropati Umphunga weklorini enegesi
Uluhlu lwamandla 50 - 200 kg / h
I-evaporator AMANZI®Uhlobo lweVaq PM3100C lukhuselekile kwaye luthembekile kwizicelo zeklorine elulwelo kufakelo lweklorin enkulu.
Amalungelo e-Evaporator yeklorini enegesi
- Ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixa ezikhulu zeklorini
- I-evaporator yamanzi ethembekileyo
- Ukufakwa ngokulula
- Ubomi benkonzo ende bubulela ukhuseleko lwe-cathodic corrosion
- Iqondo eliphezulu lokuzisebenzela
- Uyilo olomeleleyo
I-8nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
I-Neutralizer ye-chlorine yegesi ye-DULCO®Wowu
Iimpawu I-Neutralizer ye-chlorine yegesi
Ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-50 - 500 kg ye-chlorine yegesi
Kwimeko ye-alamu, i-DULCO neutralizer®I-Vaq ifunxa irhasi yeklorin ephuncuke kumoya ojikeleze igumbi lerhasi yeklorini kwaye iwuthintele ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ukufaneleka kwe-Neutralizer ye-chlorine yegesi
- Irhasi yeklorine ayithathi ndawo xa kukho ukuvuza
- Sele ingathathi hlangothi i-99,9% kwimpompo yejethi yamanzi
- Ukhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko lwezixhobo
- ukusebenza oluzenzekelayo
- Ukuphathwa ngokulula kunye nokugcinwa
I-9nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Isikhethi soxinzelelo lwegesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Izinto ezikhethekileyo Isikhethi soxinzelelo lwegesi yeklorin DULCO®Wowu
Uluhlu lwamandla ukuya kwi-200 kg / h
DULCO umkhethi woxinzelelo®Uhlobo lweVaq i-PM 481 yonikezelo olungaphazamisekiyo lwe-chlorine yegesi enemithamo ephezulu yokudosa.
Izibonelelo zoKhetho loxinzelelo lwegesi yechlorine DULCO®Wowu
- Ukuphatha ngokukhuselekileyo ngenxa yokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokubeka iliso loxinzelelo
- Umsebenzi oqhubekayo ubulela ukunikezelwa kweklorini engaphazamisekiyo
- Ukuphathwa ngokulula
- Uqhagamshelo olulula enkosi kulawulo olunikezelweyo
I-10nd Product ye-DULCO inkqubo ye-sodium hypochlorite®Wowu
Isixhobo sokudosa irhasi ye-DULCO chlorine®Wowu
Izahlulo ze-DULCO zegesi yeklorin yokudosa isixhobo®Wowu
Umthamo: 20 - 200kg / h
AMANZI®Uhlobo lwe-Vaq lwe-PMR540 kunye ne-550C: iinkqubo ezinamandla ezizimeleyo ze-dosing yegesi echanekileyo kunyango lwamanzi.
Iimpawu DULCO igesi chlorine isixhobo dosing®Wowu
- Uzinzo oluphezulu enkosi kwiqokobhe le-GRP elinesakhelo esomeleziweyo
- Ulawulo lomsebenzi ngokuthe ngqo ngesalathiso sevacuum
- Ukhuseleko olongezelelekileyo lubulela kwivalvu yokubuya kwevacuum
- Umbulelo olungelelaniswa ngokuchanekileyo kwi-flowmeter eyakhelweyo
- Iqondo eliphezulu lokuzisebenzela enkosi kwivalve elawulayo enemoto
Ukudosa ngokuzenzekelayo iipilisi zeklorine kumadama okuqubha
Ukugcina amanzi echibini ecocekile kwaye ekwiimeko ezigqibeleleyo zococeko, idosi echanekileyo yeemveliso zekhemikhali ibalulekile.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-sodium hypochlorite dispensers:
Uhlobo lwe-1 lwe-sodium hypochlorite dispensers: iimpompo ze-dosing zamanzi
- (umzekelo, i-pHUlwelo oluncinci lolawulo lwexabiso le-pH izibulala-zintsholongwane ezifana ne-sodium hypochlorite okanye i-Oxy-Active Liquid)
Imodeli ye-2 ye-sodium hypochlorite dispensers kunye ne-tablet dispensers
- (umz. iTrichlor Compacts, iBromine Tablets). Ngokudityaniswa okongeziweyo komlinganiselo kunye nobuchwepheshe bolawulo obunje ngePoolwatch okanye isixhobo soMlawuli, sinokwenza ngokupheleleyo ukongezwa kweemveliso zekhemikhali kumanzi echibini.
Iimpawu zokukhupha i-chlorine
Iinkcukacha ze-chlorine dispenser
• Ukusebenza okulula nokukhuselekileyo.
• Baziqhelanisa nalo naliphi na iqula okanye i-spa.
• Ukulungelelaniswa ngokobungakanani bedama.
• Ufakelo olulula kwi-intanethi okanye ngokudlula.
• Ulondolozo oluncinci.
• Abawufuni umsinga wombane.
• Yenziwe ngezinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana neklorine kunye nebromine.
• I-Anticorrosive.
Umgaqo wokusebenza weklorinator/brominator
Isixhobo sokukhupha ithebhulethi sivumela ukusetyenziswa kweCompact Trichlor kunye neBromine yeemveliso zeThebhulethi ngendlela eqhubekayo, ukufezekisa ukutshatyalaliswa okuchanekileyo kwamanzi.
Ukusebenza kwayo kulula kakhulu: i-chlorinator / i-brominator igcwele iipilisi eziza kuhlanjululwa kwaye i-valve yokungena ilungelelaniswe kuze kube yilapho i-concentration efunwayo ye-chlorine okanye i-bromine emanzini ifunyenwe kwaye igcinwe.
Umsebenzi ozenzekelayo kwi-pool chlorine dispenser
Iingcebiso kwi-sodium hypochlorite dispenser
Iingcebiso zokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hypochlorite dispenser
• Phambi kokuba uqalise ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokukhupha ithebhulethi, funda ngononophelo iManuwali yoMyalelo.
• Zisebenza kuphela ngechlorine nebromine tablets ezinyibilika kancinane (iTrichlorine neBromine Compacts kwiiTablets). Ungaze usebenzise naluphi na uhlobo lwemveliso yeekhemikhali kwi-dispenser (ungaze ube ngumgubo, iigranules okanye iimveliso ezinyibilikayo ngokukhawuleza).
• Ubusika: Kwiimeko zokungasebenzi ixesha elide, hlala ukhupha i-dispenser kwaye ususe umthwalo ngaphakathi.
• Ukuqaphela ukuvula isixhobo sokukhupha: landela imiyalelo ngokuthe ngqo. Nqamula impompo. Khusela izandla kunye namehlo akho kwaye ungaphefumli iigesi kwi-dispenser!
• Ukufumana umlinganiselo wokuqukuqela ofanelekileyo sicebisa ukulinganisa ixabiso elishiyekileyo leklorine yasimahla okanye ibromine emanzini ngeMicu yoVavanyo eneComparator (indlela yeDPD) okanye iPooltester (indlela yeDPD)
Uncedo kwimeko yokuchitheka kwegesi yeklorini
Uncedo lokuvuza kwegesi yeklorini
Isiqabu sokuvuza kwegesi yeklorini
Kwiimeko ezigqithiseleyo, kunokubangela i-blisters enzima esikhumbeni, kubangele i-edema ye-pulmonary kwaye, nangona amathuba aphantsi kakhulu, kukho iimeko zokufa. Kwimeko apho ezi meko zinzima zenzeka, kufuneka uye ngokukhawuleza kwiziko lezonyango ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa okuhambelanayo kunye nonyango.
Yintoni omawuyenze xa uphefumlela igesi yeklorine
Kule meko, umntu osulelekileyo kufuneka asuswe ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yokuvezwa, abekwe kwindawo apho intloko kunye namagxa ahlala ephakanyisiwe. Ukuba ubona ubunzima bokuphefumla, kufuneka uphefumle okwenziweyo, ukuba kunokwenzeka unike ioksijini ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokukhawuleza.
Fowunela i-ambulensi okanye uye kwiziko lezonyango ngoko nangoko.
Yintoni enokuyenza xa i-sodium hypochlorite idibana namehlo
Amehlo kufuneka ahlanjwe ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu eyi-15, emva kwemizuzu embalwa uphinde inkqubo kwakhona. Tsalela i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza okanye uye kwiziko lezonyango elikufutshane.
Xa kukho ukudibana kwegesi yeklorine kunye nesikhumba
Umntu osulelekileyo kufuneka akhuphe iimpahla zakhe kwangoko aze aye kwishawari ukuze ahlambe umzimba wakhe wonke ngamanzi amaninzi. Sebenzisa isepha kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokudlala ngamanzi.
Phuma xa kunokwenzeka ukubaleka
Xa kurhanelwa indawo evuzayo, abasebenzi abasebenza kwindawo esesichengeni kufuneka bakhutshwe ngobuchwephesha kuze kuthatyathwe amanyathelo ahambelanayo okufumanisa nokutywina ukuvuza. Ukugcina iitshekhi rhoqo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha iingozi. Sebenzisa zonke iiprothokholi zokhuseleko kwaye uqeqeshe abasebenzi bakho ukuba baqinisekise imfezeko yabo.
Ukuveliswa kwakhona kwerhasi ekrokrelwa ukuba yiklorini
Ukulinganisa kwevidiyo yokuvuza kwegesi yeklorini kwindawo yokucoca amanzi
Indlela yokunciphisa igesi yeklorine
I-Chlorine Gas Neutralization
Ungayenza njani iGesi yeChlorine phakathi
Kwimeko apho irhasi yeklorini ibaleka kwiitanki zokugcina, iigubhu, iibhotile zegesi yeklorin okanye izixhobo zokudosa ngeklorini, i-alam yezixhobo zokulumkisa zokuvuza kweklorini iyasebenza kwaye ngoko nangoko kwaye ngokuzenzekelayo isixhobo siyacinywa IGAS-CHLORINE yokucocwa kweLikusta. Irhasi ephumayo ithwalwa yifeni yeplastiki enganyangekiyo ngokwekhemikhali ukusuka kwi-Likusta countercurrent fill material scrubber kunye ne-neutralised countercurrent kunye nolwelo lokucoca, ngokuqhelekileyo i-caustic soda. Ubushushu obusebenzayo obukhutshwayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlamba iikhemikhali bufunxwa lulwelo lokucoca.
Ungaqulatha njani ukuvuza kwegesi yeklorini?
Ukuqonda ukuvuza kwegesi yeklorini
Esinye sezixhobo eziphambili ezinokubalwa kwinkqubo yegesi yeklorini yi inqaba yegesi yeklorini okanye ebizwa SCRUBBER, le nkqubo ivumela ukuhoya imeko engxamisekileyo yokuvuza okunikwe ngamasilinda etoni okanye iisilinda ezingama-68kg, ezithi ngenkqubo ye-extractor ifunxe igesi ye-chlorine, iyenze idlule kwindawo eyomileyo okanye efumileyo yokungathathi hlangothi, eyenza ukusabela okuvumela ukukhupha igesi. ngobungakanani obungenabungozi kokusingqongileyo, kunye neemveliso eziphuma kwi-hypochlorite kunye neetyuwa, ezifumaneka lula.
Yintoni ukuhlamba igesi yeklorin okanye iScrubber
Iinkqubo ze-scrubber liqela elihlukeneyo lezixhobo zokulawula ukungcoliseka komoya ezingasetyenziselwa ukususa ezinye ii-particulates kunye / okanye ukukhupha iigesi ezivela kwimijelo yoshishino. Ngokwemveli, igama elithi "ukukhuhla" libhekiselele kwizixhobo zokulawula ungcoliseko ezisebenzisa ulwelo ukuhlamba ungcoliseko olungafunwayo kumsinga werhasi. Kutshanje, eli gama likwasetyenziselwa ukuchaza iinkqubo ezifaka i-reagent eyomileyo okanye i-slurry kumjelo omdaka wokukhupha "ukuhlamba" iigesi zeasidi. I-Scrubbers yenye yezinto eziphambili ezilawula ukukhutshwa kwegesi, ngakumbi i-asidi. I-scrubbers ingasetyenziselwa ukubuyiswa kobushushu obuvela kwiigesi ezishushu nge-flue gas condensation.
Umsebenzi wokuhlamba igesi yeklorini
Ukuze i-gas decontamination igqitywe, inkqubo kufuneka iyilwe ukwenzela ukuba ukuhanjiswa kobuninzi ukusuka kwisigaba segesi ukuya kwisigaba solwelo kuphezulu:
- Ukungcola kunye ne-liquid kufuneka ihambelane, oko kukuthi, ukunyibilika kwezinto zangaphambili kwinqanaba lokugqibela kufuneka kube phezulu ngokwaneleyo.
- Umphezulu woqhagamshelwano kufuneka ube banzi ngokwaneleyo ukuze kungabikho mda wokudluliselwa kongcoliseko kulwelo olufunxayo.
- Uqhagamshelwano lwezingcolisi ezikhoyo ekuhambeni kwegesi kunye nolwelo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwekholamu yokufunxa.
Ukudlula kwinqaba yokuhlamba, umoya ongcolileyo uhlanjwa ngesantya esiphantsi ngaphakathi kwendawo enkulu yokudibanisa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwe-absorbent ngexesha lale nkqubo ukuze kuqinisekiswe uqhagamshelwano olukhulu lwegesi / ulwelo. Wakuba ucociwe, umoya uya kwinqanaba elilandelayo okanye ukhutshelwe ngqo emoyeni.
1. Umoya udlula kwikholamu edibeneyo kwindawo enkulu yoqhagamshelwano.
2. Isisombululo sokuhlamba sitshizwa ngokuqhubekayo yimpompo ye-centrifugal ngokusebenzisa imibhobho kwaye ithathelwe indawo ngokuzenzekelayo njengoko ifunwa yi-ARRS.
3. I-Automatic Water Fill System (AWRS) iqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wokusebenza we-liquid ugcinwa.
4. Isiseko sekholomu yitanki yesisombululo sokuhlamba.
Izikhuhla zegesi
Inkcazo yevidiyo I-Scrubber ukuze unciphise ichibi lokudada lwegesi yeklorin
Ezi nkqubo zokuhlamba kunye / okanye i-neutralization zinokuncediswa kunye nezixhobo ezibangela ukhuseleko lwenkqubo.
a, uhlobo kunye nobungakanani bezixhobo ziya kuxhomekeka kwiimeko zofakelo, kunye neqondo lokuzenzekelayo elifunekayo, umzekelo izixhobo zingafakelwa ukuba zivale ngokuzenzekelayo iivalvu ze-cylinder, xa zifumana umqondiso okhutshwe yi-detectors yokuvuza efakwe kumagumbi e-chlorine. , ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa izinto zokhuseleko kwiindawo ezisengozini.
Los I-scrubber okanye iinqaba zokungathathi hlangothi, ezikwabizwa ngokuba inqaba yokuhlamba Zinokusingathwa nge-neutraizer emanzi okanye i-neutraizer eyomileyo.Iinzuzo zokusebenzisa inqaba eyomileyo kukukhululeka kokulahla imveliso xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo kwaye inomngcipheko omncinci kubasebenzi abasebenzayo, ekubeni inqaba emanzi kufuneka ibe nayo. i-caustic soda phakathi kwe-25% kunye ne-30%, enokuvelisa umngcipheko omkhulu, ukuba yikhemikhali
Isisombululo sokugungxula ukuze unciphise igesi yeklorin
Izixhobo zingayilwa kunye nenye, ezimbini okanye zonke ezintathu kwezi zigaba zokuhlambela ezilandelayo. I-3SCR yinkqubo yokususa imigangatho emithathu yokususa imijelo enokungcola okuninzi.
- Iasidi: Ukunciphisa izingcolisi zealkaline, ikakhulu iammonia. Izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-asidi ye-sulfuric kunye ne-hydrochloric acid.
- Isiseko: Ukunciphisa izingcoliso ze-asidi, ezifana ne-sulfuric, i-hydrochloric, i-nitric, i-hydrofluoric okanye i-hydrobromic acid. I-sodium hydroxide isetyenziswa kakhulu.
- I-Oxidant: Yokususa ivumba kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane. Ikakhulu i-sodium hypochlorite okanye iiperoxides zisetyenziswa.
okanye ndlongondlongo; nangona kunjalo iindleko zokuqala zotyalo-mali kwinqaba eyomileyo ziphezulu kakhulu.
Ukubaluleka kokufakela inkqubo yale ndlela yokunciphisa igesi yeklorini
, ivumela ukuba kuqinisekiswe indawo ekhuselweyo, xa kukho abantu abasondeleyo abanokuthi bachaphazeleke ngokukhawuleza kunye nale khemikhali, ngokuqwalasela zonke iingcebiso zokhuseleko, ukulawula, ukugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kweenkqubo, kuya kuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo zonke izinto, kwaye ziya kuvumela, ukunika unyango olufanelekileyo kumanzi okanye inkqubo esetyenziswa kuyo.
Irhasi yeklorini njengesixhobo sekhemikhali
Igesi yeklorini imfazwe yehlabathi i
Izixhobo zemichiza kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I
IMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala iyafana nemisele kunye nezixhobo zekhemikhali. Zasetyenziswa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, emva kokungeniswa kwazo kungquzulwano yimikhosi yamaJamani ngowe-1915.
Leliphi ilizwe elalisebenzisa iklorine kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I?
Abokuqala ukusisebenzisa ekulweni yayingamaJamani. NgoDisemba 19, 1915, iisilinda ezingama-4.000 zithwele ama-75 ekhulwini ngalinye. chlorine kunye ne-25% ye-phosgene yasetyenziswa ngokuchasene neBhritane e-Wieltje, eBelgium, ibangela abantu abangaphezulu kwewaka, i-120 kubo bafa.
igesi chlorine njengesixhobo
NgoJanuwari 1915, UFritz Haber ufumene isigunyaziso sokufunda ngohlaselo ngeklorini. Iqela lakhe, ngokubambisana neenkampani ezintathu zeekhemikhali zaseJamani ezinkulu zelo xesha (i-BASF, i-Hoechst kunye ne-Bayer) kunye nezinye izazinzulu ezidumileyo, ezifana no-Otto Hahn, uJames Franck kunye noGustav Hertz, behla baye emsebenzini ukuyila izixhobo zekhemikhali.
Irhasi yeklorini njengesixhobo sokufunxa imichiza
Eyokuqala yayiyigesi yeklorini esebenza njengesixhobo sokufuthanisela.
Yayiyilwe ngakumbi njengesixhobo esikhubazayo kunesibulalayo, nangona ingazange isilele ukuvelisa ukufa kwabantu abaninzi.
AmaJamani aye asebenzisa igesi yokukrazula ngo-1914, kodwa iklorine yaqala ukukhululwa eYpres ngoAprili 16, 1915.
Ebudeni bohlaselo lokuqala oludityanisiweyo lwechlorine/phosgene ngamaJamani, olwaqaliswa ngokuchasene nemikhosi yaseBritani eNieltje, kufutshane neYpres, eBelgium, ngoDisemba 19, 1915, kwakhululwa iitoni ezingama-88 zerhasi kwimibhobho, nto leyo eyabangela abantu abali-1.069 bangxwelerhekileyo kwaza kwasweleka abali-120.
Ngaphandle kokulula kwayo, umphumo wayo wawumkhulu kuba yayisisixhobo esitsha ngokupheleleyo.
igesi yeklorini imfazwe yaseSiriya
Imfazwe yaseSyria iklorine yegesi ingquzulwano
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ingxabano yaseSyria iyeyona ibhalwe kakhulu kwimbali, kunye nobungqina bokusetyenziswa ngokukhohlakeleyo kwezixhobo zekhemikhali kunye neebhombu zeqela ngokuchasene nabahlali, le arsenal yamaxwebhu ayiphumelelanga ekufumaneni uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe ukuba luthathe inyathelo ngokuchasene noku kunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu. .abantu
Emva koko, unokufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nesi sihloko kwinqaku elilandelayo: I-YouTube kunye ne-Twitter, izithethi zemfazwe yaseSiriya i-UN ayizange ihoywe
Ukuqhunyiswa kwebhombu ngokungakhethiyo kwabantu ngerhasi yeklorini kwimfazwe yaseSyria
Kodwa ngoku, oogqirha bamxelela oko iibhombu zamva nje zikhuphe amafu anetyhefu yegesi yeklorin.
Irhasi yeklorine yayingafane isetyenziswe njengesixhobo ukususela ngeMfazwe Yehlabathi I. yaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo eSyria kwakukwaphula ngokunzulu imilinganiselo yamazwe ngamazwe.
Igesi yeklorini yevidiyo njengesixhobo sekhemikhali
Kule vidiyo ndiza kuchaza i-synthesis encinci yegesi ye-chlorine esetyenziswa kwiingxabano ezixhobileyo, yonke into endikufundisayo yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwesayensi kwaye ngaphandle kwenjongo yokwenzakalisa abanye.
Irhasi yemostade kunye neklorini: isixhobo samachiza
Igesi ye-mustard yayiyi-protagonist enkulu yemfazwe yokuqala yeekhemikhali kwimbali
Eyona gesi idume kakubi nesebenzayo kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I yayiyigesi yemostade,
I-vesicant eyaziswa ngamaJamani ngoJulayi 1917 ngaphambi kweDabi leSithathu laseYpres. Yaziwa kumaBritane njenge HS (o Hun Izinto), irhasi yemostade yayingajoliswanga ukuba ibe yinto ebulalayo (nangona yayikwidosi ephezulu), kodwa yayilungiselelwe ukuhlukumeza nokukhubaza intshaba nokungcolisa indawo yokulwa. Yayidutyulwa ngaphakathi kwiimbumbulu zokudubula, kwaye yayinzima kunomoya. Yazinza emhlabeni ikwimo yolwelo olufana nesherry, yaza yajika kancinane ngaphandle kwesidingo sokukhanya kwelanga.
Iimpembelelo zerhasi yemostade kumzimba womntu
Irhasi yeklorini phosgene
Irhasi enetyhefu yeklorini kunye nekhabhon diokside
Igesi ye-chlorine osgene yayinetyhefu ngakumbi kuneklorini kwaye iimpawu zayo zathatha iiyure ezininzi ukuzibonakalisa.
Irhasi yeChlorine Phosgene: Yayiyeyona arhente isetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha lomlilo.
Ityhefu ngakumbi kuneklorini, yayine-latency yeeyure ezininzi ukusuka ngexesha ixhoba lavezwa ngalo. de kuvele iimpawu zokuqala. Amajoni ayengazi ukuba anxilile.
Abokuqala ukusebenzisa igesi yechlorine phosgene ekulweni yayingamaJamani.
Ngomhla we-19 kuDisemba, 1915, iisilinda ezingama-4.000 zifakwe i-75% yeklorine kunye ne-25% ye-phosgene. zasetyenziswa nxamnye namaBritani eWieltje, eBelgium, zibangela iingxwelerha ezingaphezu kwewaka, ezili-120 kubo zafa. Kwathatha iinyanga ezintandathu ukuba amaqabane aphendule esebenzisa iisilinda ezilayishwe nge-50% yomxube we-chlorine kunye ne-phosgene, ebhaptizwe ngegama elithi "inkwenkwezi emhlophe".
Yintoni igesi yeklorine phosgene
ityhefu yephosgene
Izixhobo zeekhemikhali zegesi yeklorini kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I
Izixhobo zeekhemikhali ze-sodium hypochlorite kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I
Iindaba zokuphangwa kwe-cylinder yegesi ye-chlorine e-Chihuahua
chihuahua chlorine igesi
Kwenzeke phi ukubiwa kwesilinda segesi yeklorine eChihuahua?
Ngokweenkcukacha ezinikezelwe yi Ibhodi kaMasipala yaManzi noGutyulo (JMAS) Chihuahua, esi siganeko senzeke ngenjikalanga yaloLwesibini, umhla wama-27 kuJulayi, xa abantu abangaziwayo bonakalise iqula elikuloo ndawo. Ikoloni yasePunta Oriente, ekwandiseni R. Almada kunye Paseos del Sol avenue, kwaye weba i cylinder igesi chlorine.
Ngawaphi amazwe aye alunyukiswa?
ngenxa yobusela, Ukhuseleko lwaseburhulumenteni yazisa ukuba amazwe Chihuahua, ICoahuila, Durango, Sinaloa y Sonora ifumene isilumkiso sokuba ulumke kuyo nayiphi na impazamo enxulumene nale meko.
Umthombo wolwazi: https://www.unotv.com/nacional/chihuahua-roban-cilindro-de-gas-cloro-hay-alerta-en-cinco-estados/
Ukubiwa kwecylinder yegesi yeklorine eChihuahua ngoJuni ka-2021
Itanki yegesi yeklorini ebiweyo ifunyenwe eChihuahua
Ekupheleni kukaJulayi 2021 eChihuahua, phantsi kophando lweYunithi yoPhando ngolwaphulo-mthetho lokubiwa kwe-Ofisi yoMtshutshisi weSithili esiPhakathi, kwakunokwenzeka ukubuyisela itanki yegesi ye-chlorine, esanda kubiwa kwizakhiwo zeBhodi kaMasipala yaManzi. kunye noGutyulo (JMAS).
Ekugqibeleni, itanki yegesi yeklorini yayifumaneka kwishishini lokuthengiswa kwezinto ezifumaneka kwisitalato sasePunta Armera kwindawo yasePunta Oriente, ukuqhubeka nokukhusela ngoncedo lwabasebenzi abakhethekileyo kwi-JMAS yokulawula kwayo.