Isalathiso sesiqulatho sephepha
En Ok pool Reform kwaye ngaphakathi Isikhokelo kwiManter Pools Sikunika inqaku malunga: Yintoni unyango lokothuka pool.
Yintoni unyango lokothuka pool
Unyango lokothuka kwephuli yinkqubo yokongeza imichiza (edla ngokuba yiklorin) kwidama lakho ukuya: ukuqhekeza iklorines, eyaziwa ngokuba yiklorin edityanisiweyo ngokukhawuleza yandisa inqanaba lakho leklorin yokubulala i-algae, iintsholongwane okanye ezinye iintsholongwane eziyingozi.
Yintoni ukothuka kweklorine
I-Shock chlorine yimveliso yemichiza esetyenziselwa ukwenza unyango olothusayo lwe-l
Yintoni umothuko osetyenziselwa ukuqubha?
Kutheni ufuna ukothuka echibini?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni amadama angafuna unyango lokothuka.umzekelo: ukususa iimolekyuli zeklorini ezidibeneyo, ukususa i-debris yokuhlamba engaphezulu kunye neebhaktheriya emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-pool enzima, apho kukho i-algae ebonakalayo, njl.
Okulandelayo, siza kukhankanya zonke ezo meko apho kunokusetyenziswa unyango lokothuka.
Nini kwaye ngenxa yesiphi isizathu kufuneka ndisebenzise unyango lomothuko we-pool?
Ngokuchasene noko abantu abaninzi bacinga, ivumba elinamandla leklorini alibonakalisi i-chlorine eninzi echibini, kodwa kunoko iflegi ebomvu enokuthi "i-overdose" ingafuneka ukulungisa ingxaki.
Kufuneka wenze kangaphi unyango lokothuka echibini?
Amadama akadingi kunyangwa umothuko ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko, njengale meko ilandelayo: ukususa iibhaktheriya, i-algae, i-chloramines okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo, okanye ukuncedisa ukucoca amanzi echibini elinamafu okanye enye ingxaki yamanzi.
Nini kwaye kutheni inkqubo yokothuka echibini
Okulandelayo, sikushiyela uluhlu lwezizathu ezinokuthi kutheni kufuneka wenze unyango olothusayo kwaye ke siya kucacisa ukuba kutheni:
- Nini kwaye sisiphi isizathu sokusebenzisa indlela yokutshatyalaliswa echibini?
Isizathu sokuqala sokuba usebenzise unyango lomothuko we-pool eluhlaza
ichibi lokuqubha lamanzi aluhlaza
- Ukukhula kwe-algae echibini kunokuba ukulawula nge-algaecide, kodwa ukubulala i-algae (nokuba: eluhlaza, etyheli, epinki ...) kwaye ucoce ichibi, sisebenzisa ukothuka kwe-pool.
Isizathu se-2 sokuba kutheni usebenzise ichibi choc ngokukhawuleza
amanzi edama elifu
- Amanzi anamafu ahlala elungiswa ngokufaka i-superchlorining echibini okanye ngokufaka i-non-chlorine oxidizer ukutshabalalisa amasuntswana e-colloidal abangela amanzi amnyama.
Isizathu se-3 sokuba kutheni usebenzise unyango lomothuko we-pool
IiChloramines
Yintoni ikloramines
- Iklorini yasimahla iguqulela kwiklorin edibeneyo xa ibophelela kwinitrogen okanye iammonia.
- Ibhondi yenza ukuba i-molecule ye-chlorine ingabi namsebenzi kwaye yenza amanzi echibini avumba kakhulu iklorini kwaye iyawacaphukisa amehlo eedada.
Yintoni enokuyenza xa ndinezinga elingaphezulu lekhloramine
- Xa amanqanaba e-chloramine edlula i-0.5 ppm (TC-FC = CC), yongeza i-chlorine eyaneleyo okanye i-non-chlorine shock ukudiliza i-chlorine edibeneyo, ngokuqhelekileyo amaxesha angama-10-20 kwinqanaba elivavanyiweyo leCC.
Isizathu se-4 sokuba kutheni usebenzise i-pool choc ngokukhawuleza
Ukuqalisa kunye nokuvala
Unyango olothusayo echibini xa uvula emva kobusika
- Amachibi afakwe ebusika, xa uvula i-pool kuya kufuneka wenze unyango olothusayo echibini ukuze ulungelelanise i-chemistry yamanzi.
- Ngale ndlela, siya ku-oxidize amasuntswana, sibulale iibhaktheriya kunye ne-algae kwaye sibuyisele ukucaca kwamanzi.
Unyango olothusayo echibini phambi kobusika
Phambi kokuba idama livalwe, isithinteli sedama sisetyenziselwa ukucoca amanzi, ukulungiselela ubusika obude obuzayo.
Isizathu se-5 sokuba kutheni usebenzise unyango lomothuko we-pool
Imvula enzima
Kutheni imvula enkulu ifuna uNyango lwePool Shock
- Imvula ngamanzi acocekileyo, ahlanjwe ngumphunga, kodwa njengoko iwela emoyeni, ithatha amasuntswana ahlanjwe echibini.
- Ngexesha lezaqhwithi ezinzima, imithi ejingayo, iimbiza zeentyatyambo eziphuphumayo, okanye iindawo ezinengca ezikufutshane nechibi zinokufaka inkunkuma echibini ebangela umthwalo weebhaktheriya kunye ne-phosphates, kunye namagqabi kunye nenkunkuma yezityalo.
6th isizathu sokuba usebenzise ichibi choc ngokukhawuleza
Iintsholongwane kunye nezingcolisi eziphilayo
Iziphumo zebhaktheriya kunye nezinto ezingcolileyo echibini
- Ukubethelela ichibi kwakhona kususa ungcoliseko lwendalo kubumdaka, amagqabi kunye nongcoliseko lomoya, uthuli, impova kunye ne-algae spores inokuguqula umbala wamanzi, idle iklorine kwaye ichaphazele ikhemistri yamanzi.
- Kukho izinto ezininzi ezingenabungozi ezingena echibini kwaye zithintele ukulingana kwamanzi kunye nococeko.
- Iintsholongwane kunye nobutyobo obuvela kubahlambi zikwayinto engcolisayo equleni; Inkunkuma yokuhlamba iquka ulusu, iinwele, izinto zokuthambisa, izinto zokuthambisa, iisepha, ukubila, umchamo, ilindle, nomngundo.
Isizathu se-7 sokuba kutheni usebenzise unyango lomothuko we-pool
Amadama anomthamo omkhulu wabahlambi
Imigangatho yokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokothuka kumachibi oluntu okuqubha
- Ngokwemigangatho yequla likawonke-wonke, elona xesha lifanelekileyo le-superdose yonyango lokothuka qho ngeveki, kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso kunye nobushushu bamanzi.
ImiGangatho yokuSetyenziswa kweNdlela eyothusayo kuMachibi oSetyenziso oluPhezulu
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamachibi aphezulu, i-super-chlorination kathathu ngeveki okanye ngaphezulu kunokufuneka njengendlela yokuthintela.
Emva kokuba amaqela abanjwe echibini kuya kufuneka ukuba enze unyango lothusayo
Kwimeko yamachibi abambe itheko leendadi ezilishumi elinesibini okanye ngaphezulu, okanye ukuba idama lingcoliswe ngumchamo, ilindle, okanye uganzo, ukugungxulwa ngamandla kuyafaneleka.
8th isizathu sokuba usebenzise ichibi choc ngokukhawuleza
Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba leklorini xa kufutshane neqanda
- Kwiimeko apho amanqanaba e-chlorine aphelile, ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, izixhobo eziphosakeleyo, okanye ukunyuka okanye ukugcinwa kweqondo leklorine ngexesha lempompo, isihluzo, okanye iingxaki zenkqubo yetyuwa.
Isebenza njani inkqubo yokothuka equleni?
Inkqubo yokothuka echibini
Unyango olothusayo longeza umyinge ongaphezulu kunowesiqhelo weekhemikhali ezikhupha i-oxidizing kumanzi edama. Le dosi eyongezelelweyo itshabalalisa i-organic contaminants kunye ne-oxidizes ammonia kunye ne-nitrogen compounds ukususa i-chloramine ivumba elicaphukisayo kwindawo kwaye, ukuba i-chlorine isetyenziselwa loo njongo, ukubulala iintsholongwane emanzini.
Yintoni i-Superchlorination
chlorination super yi elinye igama ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziselwa unyango lomothuko ngeemveliso zeklorin xa i-5 ppm okanye ngaphezulu ye-FAC yongezwa.
Iinkcukacha ze-Superchlorination pool yokuqubha
Le ndlela yonyango yokothuka, ukongeza kwi-oxidizing inkunkuma engafunekiyo, isetyenziselwa ukususa amadiba e-algae kunye neebhaktheriya ezinokuthi zizimele kwizihluzi kunye neendawo ekunzima ukuzicoca.
I-Superchlorination iphinda isuse ivumba le-chloramine.
Indlela yokwenza i-superchlorinate echibini
Ukongeza amaxesha ali-10 kwinqanaba leklorine edibeneyo okanye i-chloramines emanzini ifezekisa i-breakpoint chlorination xa kukho i-chlorine eyongezelelweyo eyaneleyo yokuchitha i-chloramines ecaphukisayo.
Iimveliso ukwenza ukothuka echibini
Iimveliso ezininzi zokothuswa kweklorini zikwabonelela ngomkhomba-ndlela wokusetyenziswa ukutshabalalisa i-algae kunye neebhaktheriya, ezinokuba luncedo olongezelelweyo.
Indlela yokusebenzisa imichiza yokothuka equleni
Ukucoca kufuneka kwenziwe ngempompo kunye nesihluzo sisebenza, kodwa emva kokutshona kwelanga ukuthintela ukulahleka kweklorine kwimitha yelanga ye-ultraviolet (UV).
Unyango olothusayo ngomothuko weklorini
Yintoni iklorini yokothuka?
Ngokusisiseko, iklorini yothuso, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiklorini ekhawulezayo, yikhemikhali yasechibini ebuyisela ucoceko olufanelekileyo echibini lakho ngexesha elincinci.
Yenzelwe ntoni kwaye isetyenziswa njani iklorini yokothuka
Iklorini eyothusayo, njengoko igama layo libonisa, isetyenziswa njengonyango lokothuka kumadama okuqubha; oko kukuthi, isetyenziswa ikakhulu xa ichibi lidinga ukubulala iintsholongwane ngexesha elifutshane.
- yintoni iklorine ekhawulezayo
- Kusetyenziswa nini iklorini yokothuka
- Loluphi uhlobo lonyango lomothuko we-pool CHLORINE esinokulusebenzisa?
- Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa yonyango lomothuko oluzinzileyo nolungazinzileyo
- Unyango olothusayo lwamadama okuqubha aneklorini engazinzanga
- Uzinzisiwe unyango lokothuka pool chlorine
- Ubungakanani obuqikelelweyo bomothuko wethamo leklorin
- Ingcebiso kunye nokhuseleko malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa iklorini yokothuka
- Indlela yokufaka iklorini yokothuka
- Indlela yokusebenzisa i-chlorine shock liner
- Pool Shock iKlorini yokugcina
- I-Chlorine Shock Shelf Life
- Indlela yokusebenzisa iklorini yokothuka: cofa kwikhonkco kwaye uya kwiphepha apho siphendula khona zonke iingongoma ezikhankanyiweyo.
Iintlobo zonyango lokothuka nge-CHLORINE pool yomothuko
Iintlobo ezimbini zeklorini yokothuka: Izinzisiwe okanye AYIZINZISIWE
Ichibi lokuqubha elizinzileyo uhlobo lweklorine = iklorin kunye ne-isocyanutic acid (CYA)
I-chlorine ezinzileyo ligama elihlangeneyo elabelwe iklorin xa i-pool stabilizer yongezwe, okanye ngokukodwa, i-cyanuric acid, okanye iikhompawundi zayo ze-chlorinated ezifana ne-Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate kunye ne-Trichloroisocyanuric Acid.
I-Cyanuric acid pool yokuqubha yintoni na
Yintoni i-cyanuric acid kumadama okuqubha: I-Chlorinated isocyanurics i-acid ebuthakathaka i-acid stabilized chlorine compounds (C3H3N3O3), yokunyibilika okulinganiselweyo emanzini (i-chemical additive) efakwe ukuzinzisa i-chlorine emanzini. Ukongeza, nangona ibalulekile ekugcinweni kwedama, iyaziwa kancinci phakathi kwabanini bamachibi abucala kwaye ayifane ikhankanywe kwiivenkile ezithengisa iiphuli ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwayo.
Uzinzisiwe unyango lokothuka pool chlorine
ukothuka kweklorine
Yintoni unyango lomothuko pool chlorine ngokukhawuleza
Okokuqala, ukukhankanya okol Idichlor yokuqubha ikwabizwa ngokuba yiklorin ekhawulezayo okanye eyothusayo, Iklorini ekhawulezayo isetyenziswa kunyango lokuqalisa echibini nakwiimeko ezinenkani njengaye amanzi aluhlaza okanye ukungabikho kwe-chlorination; oko kukuthi, into efunwayo kukufikelela elona nqanaba liphezulu leklorine ngexesha elifutshane. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya: Ukusetyenziswa kweklorini ye-Shock ngokukhawuleza
Ukothuka kweKlorini eluncedo
Ukukhawuleza kweklorini yokubulala iintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza
Iklorini ekhawulezayo sisisombululo sokubulala iintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza nangokubukhali kwamanzi echibini ngexesha elifutshane, kuba inyibilika emanzini phantse ngoko nangoko ngenxa yesithako sayo esisebenzayo.
Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe cofa: Ukusetyenziswa kweklorini ye-Shock ngokukhawuleza
I-Chlorine AYIZINZISIWE
Yintoni iklorine engazinzanga?
Iklorini engazinziswanga yiklorini apho i-cyanuric acid (i-swimming pool stabilizer) ayizange yongezwe.
Kakade ke, ingazinzi kakhulu, kufuneka iphathwe ngononophelo ngenxa yokuba ayinayo i-stabilizer, ngoko ivakalelwa kakhulu kwimiphumo yelanga.
Unyango olothusayo lwamadama okuqubha aneklorini engazinzanga
calcium hypochlorite
Iipropati njenge-arhente yokubulala iintsholongwane, i-fungicide, i-bactericide kunye ne-microbicide
I-calcium hypochlorite sesona sibulali ntsholongwane sidumileyo phakathi kwabanini bamadama abucala; kwaye inganikezelwa ngomgubo okanye ithebhulethi.
Ngolwazi oluthe kratya: Ukusetyenziswa kwe-chlorine ye-granular pool
Izinto eziluncedo calcium hypochlorite
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nombane kunokuncitshiswa
- Yehlisa imfuno yezilungiso ze-pH
- Inceda ukukhusela isityalo ekudlekeni
- Ayinyusi amanqanaba e-cyanric acid
- Ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi kunye nokukhululeka kwebhafu
- Kulula ukufezekisa amanzi alinganayo
- Inceda ukulawula iziqina ezinyibilikisiweyo zizonke
- Ngokukodwa kumachibi anomphezulu we-plaster, i-hypo lime inceda ukuhluza amanzi nge-calcium ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokukrolwa.
IiPros and Cons of the Shock Treatment NGAPHANDLE kwedama lokuqubha elineklorin
I-PROS yonyango lokothuka kwidama lokuqubha NGAPHANDLE KWE-CHLORINE
- Ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, akukho ntsalela, akukho vumba
- I-pH ilingana ukuya kufutshane ne-pH engathathi hlangothi
- I-Oxidizes ungcoliseko lwendalo ukucoca amanzi.
- Ukuphelisa i-chloramines kunye ne-ammonia
- Akukho mfuneko yokuchithwa kwangaphambili, uthele echibini
- Qubha ngoko nangoko, akukho xesha lokulinda
- Ayizukuphelelwa okanye ikhuphe umbala wevinyl liners okanye iimpahla zokuqubha
- Awuyi kongeza i-calcium okanye i-cyanuric acid echibini
I-CONS unyango lokothuka echibini NGAPHANDLE KWE-CHLORINE
- Ayisebenzi kangako kunyango lwe-algae.
- Ayisebenzi kangako ekunyangeni iintsholongwane.
Iintlobo zonyango lokothuka NGAPHANDLE kwechibi lokuqubha leklorin
Uhlobo loku-1 lonyango lokothuka kumadama okuqubha NGAPHANDLE kweklorine
i-potassium monopersulfate
Yintoni i-potassium monopersulfate
Ukuqulunqa i-potassium monopersultate = i-oksijini esebenzayo
I-Potassium Monopersulfate (i-Monopersulfate, i-KMPS, okanye i-MPS) yi-free-flowing, granular, yonke i-oxygen (i-peroxygen emhlophe) ikhemikhali yokutshatyalaliswa kwekhemikhali enika i-oxidation engena-chlorine enamandla kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. kunye neenzuzo ezininzi.
Iinzuzo zePotassium Monopersultate
- Ukuqala, imveliso yothuso lweoksijini esebenzayo, njengoko igama layo libonisa, iya kuthi ikhuphe amanzi echibini lakho kwaye isuse nakuphi na ungcoliseko olukuyo.
- Le khemikhali nayo ayiyi kuguqula isixa se-cyanuric acid echibini lakho.
- Kwelinye icala, iklorine esele ikwidama lakho kufuneka ibone ukwanda kokusebenza kwayo xa ichibi ligalelwe le khemikhali.
- Kwakhona, olona ncedo luphambili lokusebenzisa le nto kukuba inyibilika ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ifuna kuphela ukuba ulinde imizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukuqubha xa sele yongeziwe.
- Ekugqibeleni, ezinye izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo zokusebenzisa le nto ziquka ukususwa okusebenzayo kwe-ammonia kunye ne-chloramines, kunye nenyaniso yokuba ayiyi kulimaza i-vinyl okanye i-liner siding.
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweoksijini
- Ingxaki kuphela ekusebenziseni le khemikhali yokothuka kukuba ayisebenzi kangako xa isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-algae okanye ibhaktheriya.
Uhlobo lwe-2 lonyango lokothuka kumadama okuqubha NGAPHANDLE kweklorine
Unyango lokothuka kwichibi leblitshi
ikhemistri ye-lye
Indlela iBletshi enokubuyisela ngayo iPool chlorine
Iblitshi iqulethe ikhemikhali efanayo, i-sodium hypochlorite, njenge-chlorine echibini, kodwa ugxininiso lwahlukile. Ngaloo ndlela, i-concentration ye-sodium hypochlorite kwi-pool chlorine iphakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-15 ekhulwini, ngelixa i-bleach iphakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-6 ekhulwini.
Ukusebenzisa iBletshi njengoNyango lweBletshi yePool yoThutho
Ngenxa yoxinaniso olusezantsi lwesodium hypochlorite kwibleach, uya kudinga ubuncinane ibleach ephindwe kabini kune-pool chlorine., kunye nokukhumbula ukuba injongo yokukhutshwa kukunyusa ukuxinwa kwe-chlorine yamahhala (okwexeshana) ukuya kwi-5-10 ppm, enokongeza kwixabiso elikhulu le-bleach.
Ngokucacileyo, ingcamango kukuphosa malunga ne-250 ml. yeblitshi yonke imihla nge-10 m² yamanzi yintoni equleni.
Uyothusa njani i-chlorine echibini ngebleach
- Vavanya i-pH yamanzi echibini y yehlise ukuba iphezulu kakhulu. I-chlorine ilahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza kwayo xa i-pH ingaphezulu kwe-7,8. Ngokufanelekileyo, i-pH kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-7,2 kunye ne-7,4.
- Sebenzisa ikhithi yakho yovavanyo ukuze khangela umgangatho we-cyanric acid echibini. Kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-50 ppm. Ukuba iphantsi kakhulu, yongeza i-stabilizer kwi-pool yamanzi ukunyusa ukugxila. Landela imiyalelo ekwisikhongozeli semveliso yozinziso oyisebenzisayo.
- Ukulinganisa umthamo wedama lakho ukuze ubone ubungakanani beblitshi oyifunayo. Phindaphinda-phinda ububanzi bedama ngobude kwaye uphindaphinde kwakhona ngomyinge wobunzulu bamanzi ukufumana umthamo wamanzi. Bala ubungakanani beblitshi oyifunayo ngokusekelwe kwinto yokuba iilitha ezi-4 ziya kwandisa inqanaba leklorin yasimahla ye-100,000 yeelitha zamanzi nge-2 ppm. Ukuba ufuna ukothusa kancinane i-30.000 yeegaloni zedama ngokunyusa ugxininiso lwasimahla lwekhlorine ukuya kwi-5 ppm, udinga iilitha ezisi-9 zeblitshi. Ukuyandisa ukuya kwi-10 ppm, udinga iilitha ezili-19.
- Yongeza i-lye emva kwemini okanye ekuqaleni kokuhlwa. Yigalele ecaleni kwedama xa uhamba ujikeleze umjikelezo; ungaze uyigalele kwi-skimmer.
- Ukujikeleza amanzi kwiiyure ezininzi emva kokufaka i-lye ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixube ngokupheleleyo.
Isifundo sevidiyo sendlela yokuhlambulula idama ngebleach
Uhlobo loku-3 lonyango lokothuka kumadama okuqubha NGAPHANDLE kweklorine
Unyango lokothuka kweBromine
yintoni i-pool bromine
Okokuqala, ukwazisa ukuba i-bromine yamachibi okubhukuda yi-halogen, oko kukuthi, ikhemikhali, leyo. Isebenza kakhulu njengonyango lwamanzi edama lokuqubha.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, ukugcina ichibi kunye bromine iye yaba yenye eyona ndlela ingcono yokwenza ulondolozo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha kumadama okuqubha.
Izinto eziluncedo zebromine phezu kweklorini
Fumanisa ukuba yintoni kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa isibulala-ntsholongwane samanzi ephuli yebromine
Kwaye, ibromine okanye i-chlorine amachibi? I-Bromine yamachibi okuqubha yenye yezona zinto zikhethwa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-chlorine yendabuko yokubulala iintsholongwane.
- I-Bromine ihlala isebenza kumanqanaba aphezulu e-pH kuneklorini.
- Ibromine izinzile kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kuneklorini.
- I-Bromines igcina amandla okubulala, i-chloramines ayinayo.
- Iibromines aziwuhlambi umphezulu wamanzi njengoko zisenza iikhloramines.
- I-Bromine inokuvuselelwa okanye isetyenziswe kwakhona ngokudibanisa i-oxidizer ye-granular (umothuko).
Imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kwonyango lokothuka ngebromine
- Unyango lokothuka: 100 g yebromine nge-10 m³ yamanzi.
- Akumele songeze imveliso ngokuthe ngqo echibini, kodwa siya kuyinyibilikisa kwibhakethi enamanzi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi echibini ngebromine
- Yintoni ibromine kumadama okuqubha
- Yiyiphi eyona chlorine okanye ibromine engcono?
- Izinto ezilungileyo zeBromine Pools
- Ukubulala iintsholongwane emanzini ngebromine echibini
- Iifomathi zebromine yephuli
- Iingcebiso zokugcinwa kweBromine kumadama okuqubha
- Ke, sikushiyela iphepha ukuba ufuna ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga:
- Ke, ukuba ibalulekile kuwe, sikunika ikhonkco le: Ukunyangwa kwamanzi echibini ngebromine.
Isifundo sevidiyo Unyango olothusayo NGAPHANDLE kwechibi lokuqubha leklorin
Kamva, ividiyo yokufundisa ukothuka unyango ngaphandle kwe-chlorine yokuqubha; ilungele abantwana, abantu abane-dermatitis okanye i-allergies.