Papa kuhikuhi o nā mea ʻaoʻao
En ʻOk Pool Reform i loko wai waiwai a ma ka pauku ma loko wai chlorine E ho'āʻo mākou e pane:He aha ka pae o nā waiwai like ʻole o ka chlorine i nā loko ʻauʻau?
He aha ka pool chlorine?
ʻO Chlorine kahi mea kemika o ke kumu maoli a me kekahi o nā mea kumu o ka mea.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai ka wai chlorine?
- Hoʻopuka ʻia ka Chlorine mai ka paʻakai maʻamau ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i kahi ʻea uila ma o kahi solution brine (ka paʻakai maʻamau i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai) ma kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia he electrolysis.
No ke aha mākou e hoʻohui ai i ka chlorine i nā loko ʻauʻau?
Hoʻohui ʻia ka chlorine i ka wai e pepehi i nā germs, a hana ia i ka waika palupalu i kapa ʻia he ʻakika hypochlorous e pepehi ai i ka maʻi bacteria (e like me salmonella a me nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi maʻi e like me ka diarrhea a me ka pepeiao ʻauʻau).
ʻOiai, ʻaʻole ʻo chlorine wale nō ka mea hiki i ka ʻauʻau wai ʻauʻau (e kaomi a ʻike i nā mea ʻokoʻa i ka chlorine!).
ʻO nā ʻano wai wai chlorine
ʻEkolu mau waiwai nui no ka chlorine i loko o nā loko ʻauʻau: ka chlorine manuahi, ka chlorine hui ʻia, a me ka chlorine piha.
Ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā waiwai like ʻole o ka chlorine
Nā ʻāpana o ka miliona (ppm).
He ana e hōʻike ana i nā ʻāpana o kekahi mea, e like me ka chlorine, ma ke kaumaha e pili ana i hoʻokahi miliona hapa ma ka nui o ka wai ʻauʻau.
ʻO ke kānāwai maʻamau e hahai ai no ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai ma nā loko ʻauʻau, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i nā pae FAC ma waena o 2.0 a me 4.0 ppm. (e nānā i ka papa kuhikuhi NSPI)
ʻO ka papa o ka pilina o ka pae o nā waiwai like ʻole o ka chlorine i loko o nā loko ʻauʻau
Nā waiwai i loaʻa i loko o ka chlorine i nā loko ʻauʻau | Ka wehewehe ʻana i nā waiwai like ʻole o ka chlorine | ʻO ka pae chlorine kūpono i nā loko ʻauʻau e like me ka waiwai kikoʻī |
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He aha ka chlorine manuahi | Aia nā waiwai chlorine like ʻole no nā loko ʻauʻau akā ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka waiwai "chlorine manuahi". ʻO ka chlorine manuahi ka nui o ka chlorine i loaʻa e pepehi i ka bacteria a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe. | ʻO ka pae o ka chlorine manuahi i loko o nā loko ʻauʻau he 0,6 - 1,5 ppmppm (mau ʻāpana o ka miliona). |
He aha ka chlorine i hui ʻia | ʻO ka chlorine hui pū ka nui o ka chlorine e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā mea haumia, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hoʻohana ʻia e pepehi i nā germs a ʻaʻole hiki ke pepehi i nā germs hou. | He 0,2 ppm ka pae wai chlorine i hui pū ʻia. |
He aha ka chlorine a pau | ʻO ka chlorine a pau ka huina o ka chlorine manuahi a hui pū ʻia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka waiwai o ka chlorine holoʻokoʻa he hōʻailona maikaʻi ia o ka maikaʻi o ka loko, akā ʻo ka waiwai o ka chlorine manuahi ka mea nui e hoʻoholo ai i ka palekana. | ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kūpono o ka chlorine manuahi i loko o ka loko wai he 1,2 ppm. |
ʻO nā huahana chlorinated a pau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana e hoʻopuka i ka waikawa hypochlorous (HCLO) i ka wā e hana ai me ka wai.
- ʻO ka waika Hypochlorous kahi ʻakika nāwaliwali e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka hypochlorite (ClO–) i loko o ka wai e like me ke kaulike i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka waiwai pH.
- ʻO ka huina o kēia mau ʻano ʻelua he mea ia i kapa ʻia he chlorine manuahi. I loko o nā wai me ka pH kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hypochlorous acid (active chlorine) e hoʻololi ʻia i hypochlorite ion (potential chlorine), kahi ʻano o ka chlorine me ka mana disinfecting haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ka wai kūpono i hui pū ʻia me ka pae chlorine
ʻO ka mea i hui pū ʻia ka chlorine (CAC) a i ʻole chloramines.
ʻO ka chlorine hui ʻia ka hopena o ka hui ʻana o ka chlorine me ka amonia a me nā mea organik nitrogenous i loko o ka wai.
- Ke hoʻohui ʻia ka heluhelu chlorine i kāu kolamu, ʻo ia ka mea ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka chlorine i loko o ka wai. Hiki i kēia ma muli o nā kumu he nui, e like me ka evaporation, ka ʻike ʻana o ka lā, a me ka poʻe ʻauʻau e komo i ka loko.
- ʻO ka chlorine hui ʻia ka hopena o ka hui ʻana o ka chlorine me ka amonia a me nā mea organik nitrogenous i loko o ka wai.
- ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka chlorine i loko o ka wai i hoʻopili ʻia a hui pū ʻia me ka amonia, nā mea haumia i loko o ka nitrogen, a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe e like me ka hou, mimi, a me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe mai ka poʻe ʻauʻau. Hiki i kekahi mau chloramine ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka maka a me ka ʻala chlorine.
- ʻAʻole pōʻino ka chlorine i ka ʻauʻau, akā hiki ke hōʻeha i ka maka a me ka ʻili. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi heluhelu chlorine i hui ʻia i loko o kāu loko wai, pono ʻoe e hoʻopuʻi i ka wai e hoʻonui i nā pae chlorine. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe e kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i nā haumia e hoʻomaka ai ka pilikia.
He aha nā chloramines
Chloramines i loko o nā loko ʻauʻau
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Chloramines he chlorine hui pū ʻia. ʻO ka huina o ka chlorine ka huina o ka chlorine manuahi a me ka chlorine i hui ʻia. Pono e like a oi aku paha ka nui o ka chlorine ma mua o ka pae chlorine manuahi.
ʻO ka pae o nā Klorine i loaʻa i hui ʻia (CAC) a i ʻole chloramines.
ʻEhia ka nui o ka loko chlorine i hui ʻia
- He 0,2 ppm ka pae wai chlorine i hui pū ʻia.
Hoʻohui ʻia nā lula wai chlorine koena
- Hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻo "Residual combined chlorine" e ka Royal Decree 742/2013, e hoʻokumu ana i kahi waiwai o ≤ 0,6 Cl2mg/L a ua hōʻike ʻia inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 3 mg / L, pono e pani ʻia ka moku a hiki i ka maʻamau o ka waiwai.
Kūʻokoʻa ka pae chlorine ma nā loko ʻauʻau
Loaʻa ka chlorine manuahi i loko o nā loko ʻauʻau.
ʻO ka huina o ka chlorine + hypochlorous acid ka mea i kapa ʻia he chlorine manuahi.
Loaʻa ʻia ka Chlorine (FAC). ʻO ka chlorine i loaʻa manuahi ka ʻano ʻoi loa o ka chlorine e pepehi i nā germs.
He aha ke koena chlorine manuahi
ʻO ke koena o ka chlorine i koe i ka wai, ma hope o ka hana ʻana o kekahi hapa o ia mea i ke kaʻina disinfection.
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka chlorine manuahi, mai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a hiki i ka hopena o nā pūnaewele, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā mākou ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia ka wai inu.
ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka nui o ka chlorine i waiho ʻia i loko o ka wai chlorinated ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia me nā mea haumia a "noa" e hele i ka hana e pepehi i ka bacteria a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe..
I loko o nā wai me ka pH kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hypochlorous acid (active chlorine) e hoʻololi ʻia i hypochlorite ion (potential chlorine), kahi ʻano o ka chlorine me ka mana disinfecting haʻahaʻa. hypochlorite.
ʻO ka hapa o ka nui o ka chlorine i waiho ʻia i loko o ka wai chlorinated ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia me nā mea haumia a "noa" e hana e pepehi i ka bacteria a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia i kāu pahu hoʻāʻo hiki ke ana i ka FAC; ho'āʻo wale ka nui no ka chlorine a pau.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka loko wai ʻole klorine
He 0,6 – 1,5 ppm ka pae o ka chlorine manuahi i loko o nā loko ʻauʻau.
- ʻO ia ka disinfectant a me nā ʻano reactive, pono e mālama ʻia i kāna mau waiwai kūpono e hoʻokō ai i ka wai disinfected.
- ʻO nā pae kūpono o ke koena o ka chlorine manuahi mai ka 0,6 – 1,5 ppm a me ke koena o ka bromine manuahi mai ka 2 – 5 ppm i loko o nā loko wai a me 4 – 6 ppm i nā spas.
- Hoʻokumu ka World Health Organization i nā ʻāpana hōʻailona i ka chlorine manuahi ma waena o 0,5 a 0,2 milligrams no ka lita o ka wai.
- ʻO ka hope, e hoʻomanaʻo inā aia nā pae ma lalo o 0,2 e maʻalahi ke hoʻohui i ka chlorine hou aʻe.
Ka huina chlorine ma nā loko ʻauʻau
He aha ka chlorine a pau
ʻO ka chlorine holoʻokoʻa ka huina o ka chlorine i loaʻa manuahi a me ka chlorine hui ʻia.
ʻO ka nui o ka chlorine i makemake ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka disinfection a me ka oxidation i loko o kahi wai.
ʻO ka hui ʻana o ka chlorine manuahi + chlorine hui pū ʻia ka = huina o ka chlorine.
- No laila, ʻo ka huina o ka chlorine ka huina o ka chlorine manuahi a me ka chlorine i hui pū ʻia i ka huina o ka chlorine.
- Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pono ka nui o ka chlorine ma mua o 0,6 mg/l o ka pae chlorine koena manuahi.