Papa kuhikuhi o nā mea ʻaoʻao
En ʻOk Pool Reform, ma keia pauku iloko o ka Nā wai ʻauʻau pae pH e mālama mākou i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ph a me ka poh i nā waiwai wai loko.
He aha ka pH i loko o ka loko wai a pehea kona mau pae?
He aha ke ʻano o ka pH kūpono no nā loko ʻauʻau (7,2-7,4)
ʻO ka acronym pH ke kū nei no ka hydrogen hiki ke loaʻa a he ana ia e hōʻike ana i ka ʻakika a i ʻole ke kumu o ka wai.
No laila, ʻO ka pH e pili ana i ka hiki o ka hydrogen, kahi waiwai e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ion hydrogen i loko o ka wai i loko o kou loko wai a no laila ʻo ia ka coefficient e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka acidity a i ʻole ke kumu o ka wai. No laila, ʻo ka pH ke kuleana o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ion H+ i loko o ka wai, e hoʻoholo ana i kona ʻano ʻakika a kumu.
ʻO ka nui o nā waiwai pH o ka wai ʻauʻau
He aha nā waiwai i loaʻa i ka pākaukau pH wai wai?
- Aia ka helu pH i nā waiwai mai 0 a 14.
- ʻO ka 0 ka acidic loa, 14 ka mea maʻamau a kau i ka pH Neutral ma 7.
- Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia ana e ka helu o nā ion hydrogen manuahi (H+) i loko o ka mea.
No ke aha mākou e pono ai i ka pH?
ʻO ka pH kahi ana i hoʻohana ʻia e kuhikuhi i ka ʻakika a i ʻole ke kumu o kahi hoʻonā wai. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka wai wai ma ke ʻano he ʻakika a i ʻole ke kumu e pili ana i kāna ʻike o nā ion hydrogen (H+).
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka wai maʻemaʻe a me ka wai kūlohelohe kekahi mau ion hydrogen ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka wai.
Ua ʻike ʻia ma ke kaulike ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau (750 mmHg a me 25 ° C), 1 L o ka wai maʻemaʻe mole y mole ʻO nā ion, no laila, ʻo ka wai ma ka mahana maʻamau a me ke kaomi (STP) he pH o 7.
He aha kāu e hana ai inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pH o kā mākou loko
E ʻike i nā hopena wai kiʻekiʻe pH a me nā kumu o ka pH kiʻekiʻe i kāu loko
Pehea e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ai i ka pH o ka loko wai a me ka mea e hana inā haʻahaʻa ka pae
Pehea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kahi pH Pool kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole alkaline
Nā alakaʻi e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka loko wai i ka pH: ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai a me ka disinfection
He alakaʻi maikaʻi no ka ʻike pehea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i kahi wai
ʻO ke alakaʻi no ka mālama ʻana i kahi wai me ka wai i ke kūlana kūpono
ʻAkika, kūʻokoʻa a me ka alkaline pH waiwai
Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka pālākiō o nā waiwai pH
He aha nā waiwai pH
ʻO ka pālākiō pH mai ka 1 a hiki i ka 14, me ka pH 7 he hopena kūʻokoʻa.
No laila, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka pH kahi waiwai i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pālākiō logarithmic ma waena o nā waiwai 0 (ʻākaʻikaʻi loa) a me 14 (alkaline loa); Ma waena, ʻike mākou i ka waiwai 7 i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ma ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa.
Hōʻike pH ākea ākea
He aha ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pae pH acidic a alkaline paha?
He aha nā ʻakika a me nā kumu?
ʻO nā ʻakika a me nā kumu he mau mea i loko o ke ʻano a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ko lākou pae pH, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ko lākou pae o ka acidity a i ʻole alkalinity. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he ʻakika a alkaline paha kekahi mea e ka degere o ka ʻakika a i ʻole ka alkalinity i ana ʻia ma ka pālākiō pH a mai ka 0 (ʻakika loa a hiki i ka 14 (alkaline loa). akā naʻe, he nui nā hana ʻoihana a me ke kanaka.
He aha nā mea ʻakika?
- Pae pH ʻakika: pH emi ma lalo o 7
He aha ka manaʻo he waika ka pH waiwai?
- ʻO ka ʻakika o kahi mea, ʻo ia hoʻi he waiwai ia i ka H+ (iona hydrogen): ʻoi aku ka pH ma mua o 7
- No laila, ʻO nā waikawa nā mea me ka pH ma lalo o 7. (pH o ka wai e like me 7, i manaoia he ku ole), nona na kemika he nui na iona hydrogen ke hookomo i ka wai. Hoʻopili pinepine lākou me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ka nalowale ʻana o nā protons (H+).
He aha nā mea kūʻokoʻa?
- Waiwai pH kūʻokoʻa: pH like me 7-
He aha ka manaʻo o ka pH kūʻokoʻa?
- ʻO ka pH kahi ana o ke ʻano o ka ʻakika/maʻa o ka wai.
- Mai ka 0 a hiki i ka 14 ka laulā, me ka 7 i kū ʻole.
He aha nā mea alkaline?
- Nā mea me ke kumu a i ʻole ka pH alkaline: ʻoi aku ka pH ma mua o 7.
He aha ka manaʻo inā he alkaline ka waiwai pH?
- ʻO ka alkaline ka mea, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻilihune ia i ka H+ (a waiwai paha i nā kumu OH-, ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale i ka H+).
- No kēia mau mea a pau, ʻO nā kumu, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he mau mea me ka pH ʻoi aku ma mua o 7., i loko o nā hā'ina wai e hā'awi mau i nā ion hydroxyl (OH-) ma ka waena. He mau oxidants ikaika lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hana nei lākou me nā protons mai ka mea a puni.
Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pH a me nā waiwai pOH
Pehea ka pili ana a he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ana ph a me poh?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, pili ka hana o nā ion i ka ion concentration a ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ma ka hoohalike
pH/poH ion activity equation
ma hea,
– ka hana hydrogen ion
- ka helu hana o ka hydrogen ion
– ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka hydrogen ion
ʻO ka coefficient haʻawina he hana ia o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ion a hoʻokokoke i ka 1 i ka lilo ʻana o ka hoʻonā i ka dilute.
No nā hāʻina dilute (kūpono), ʻo ke kūlana maʻamau o ka solute he 1,00 M, no laila ua like kona molarity i kāna hana.
No laila, no ka nui o nā pilikia e manaʻo ana i nā hāʻina kūpono, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i ka logarithm i ke kumu 10 o ka ʻike molar, ʻaʻole ka hana.
Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka waiwai o ka pH a me ka pOH
He aha ka waiwai pH maʻamau?
- Ma kahi ala, he ana ka pH i kēlā hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokumu i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka acidity a i ʻole ka alkalinity o kahi hopena. ʻO ka "p" ke kū nei no "potential", ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ka pH: hiki i ka hydrogen.
He aha ka waiwai pOH?
- No kou aoao. ʻO ka pOH ke ana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ion hydroxyl i loko o kahi haʻina. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he kumu 10 logarithm maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻona hydroxyl ion a, ʻaʻole like me ka pH, hoʻohana ʻia e ana i ka pae alkalinity o kahi hopena.
Pehea ka helu pH a i ʻole ka waiwai pOH?
He aha ke ʻano kumu no nā koina ph?
- E like me ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia, ma ke kahua ʻepekema, ka pH ʻo ia ke ana de nā iona i loko de he hoʻonā. Pono paha ʻoe helu pH ma muli o ka noonoo. E helu i ka pH E hoohana ana i ka hoohalike o pH: pH = -log[H3O+].
He aha ke kumu e helu ai i ka pOH?
- Eia kekahi, pOH (a i ʻole OH hiki) he ana ia o ke kumu a i ʻole ka alkalinity o kahi hoʻonā. Eia kekahi se hoʻohana i ka pH = – log [H3O+] e ana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ion hydronium [H3O+].
Nā Equation Nui e helu ai i ka waiwai pH a i ʻole pOH
- pH=−log[H3O+]
- pOH=−log[OH−]
- [H3O+] = 10-pH
- [oh-] = 10-pOH
- pH + pOH =pKw = 14.00 ma 25 °C.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka nui o nā waiwai pH a me ka pOH?
ʻO nā like ʻole ma waena o nā waiwai o ka pālākiō pH
- Ma ka lima hoʻokahi, hāʻawi ka pālākiō pH i nā waiwai waika mai 1 a 6 aʻo ka pākaukau pOH e hāʻawi i nā waiwai waikawa mai 8 a 14.
- ʻO ka mea like ʻole, hāʻawi ka pākaukau pH i nā kumu waiwai mai 8 a 14, aʻo ka pākaukau pOH hāʻawi i nā kumu waiwai mai 1 a 6.
ʻO ka pilina pili o ka ph a me ka pOH me ko lākou mau waiwai
pili ana i ka unahi ph a me pOH me nā kala a me nā waiwai
- pH ʻo ia ka logarithm o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā iona H+, me ka hoailona i hoololiia:
- Likelike, wehewehe pOH e like me ka logarithm o ka OH ion-, me ka hoailona i hoololiia: The following relationship can be established between the pH a me ka pOH.
- ʻO ke kumu, hāʻawi nā waiwai pH i ka logarithm maikaʻi ʻole o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka hydrogen ion, aʻo ka waiwai pOH e hāʻawi i ka logarithm maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻike ion hydroxide.
Ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pālākiō o ka pH a me ka waiwai pOH
Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pākaukau ph a me ka waiwai pOH
Ma hope o kēlā, hāʻawi mākou iā ʻoe i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke ana ʻana o ka pH i ka nui o nā ion hydrogen, aʻo ka pOH e ana i nā ʻano o nā hydroxyl anions a i ʻole hydroxide ions.