Fihirisar abubuwan da ke cikin shafi
Menene ma'anar jikewar ruwan tafkin?
Menene LSI ko Langelier Saturation Index
Langelier Saturation Index shine ainihin ma'auni na ko ruwan yana da lalacewa (LSI korau) ko yana da wuyar ƙima (LSI tabbatacce).
«Fihirisar jikewar ruwan tafkin” tana auna matakin jikewar ruwan tafkin ku tare da karafa da alli.
Babban darajar yana nufin cewa akwai ƙarin gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin ruwa kuma yana buƙatar kulawa fiye da yadda aka saba don tsaftacewa kafin lokacin rani ya ƙare.
Menene ma'aunin ma'aunin ruwa da ake amfani da shi?
Ana amfani da ma'aunin jikewa don tantance madaidaicin matakin ruwa don tafkin da aka ba.
Don haka, ISL yana aiki azaman tsarin tushe don daidaita matakan ruwa da jikewa.
Langelier Saturation Index shine ainihin hanyar da za a tantance idan ruwan yana da lalacewa (LSI korau) ko yana da haɗari ga ƙima (LSI tabbatacce).
Ƙimar LSI tsakanin -0.3 da +0.3 tana cikin kewayon karɓuwa, duk da haka, ƙimar da ta dace koyaushe zata kasance 0.0.
Wanda ya gano Langelier ruwa jikewa index
Ana kiranta Langelier Water Saturation Index ko LSI a wasu lokuta, kuma yakamata a yi wannan gwajin kowace shekara don tabbatar da tsabta.
Langelier Saturation Index wata dabara ce da aka samo ta daga binciken da Dr. Wilfred Langelier ya gudanar a farkon karni na XNUMX.
Don haka, ana kiran ma'anar sunan bayan Léon Langelier, masanin kimiyar Kanada wanda ya fara bayyana shi a cikin 1950s, kuma yana taimakawa wajen tantance haɗarin lalata da ƙura a wuraren ruwan sha.
Me yasa ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin yake da mahimmanci?
Abubuwan da suka dace a cikin kula da ruwan tafkin
Ma'anar jikewar ruwan tafkin: mafi girma a cikin lalata ruwan tafkin
Fihirisar jikewar ruwan tafkin (SI) muhimmiyar alama ce don lura da lafiyar ruwan tafkin ku.
SI shine ma'auni na adadin ruwan da aka narkar da jiki a cikin ruwan tafkin. Mafi girman IS, mafi girman adadin ruwan da ake samu don jin daɗin wanka. Duk da haka, idan an saita SI da yawa, zai iya haifar da matsaloli kamar algae blooms da kumfa a cikin tafkin. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don saka idanu akan SI akai-akai kuma ɗaukar matakai don kiyaye shi a matakin mafi kyau.
Sarrafa ma'aunin jikewa na ruwan tafkin
Kula da inda LSI na tafkin ku shine kawai don kare lalacewa da sikelin.
Babu ɗayan waɗannan tasirin da ke da kyau ga kayan aikin tafkin ku ko mutanen da ke iyo a cikin tafkin.
Amma me ya sa za mu lissafta Langelier?
Da fari dai, don wani dalili mai ma'ana, saboda dole ne mu bi doka kuma na biyu, don dalili mai amfani, saboda zai taimaka mana mu inganta yanayin yanayin tafki da na inji kuma don haka farashi.
Langelier Saturation Index shine ma'anar da ke nuna rashin ƙarfi na ruwa game da calcium carbonate (CaCO3) kuma yana dogara ne akan tasirin pH akan ma'auni na solubility na CaCO3. PH wanda ruwa ya cika da CaCO3 an san shi da jikewa pH (pHs) kuma ya dogara da zafin jiki, alkalinity, jimlar taurin, da duka narkar da daskararru.
Bai kamata a kula da fihirisar a matsayin ainihin kimiyya ba, domin kashi ɗaya ne kawai na tsarin da ya fi rikitarwa wanda ke ƙayyade mafi kyawun tsarin tafkin da matakin ruwa na kowane wuri.
Har yanzu, sanin Langeler Saturation Index yana da muhimmiyar fasaha ga duk wanda ke aiki tare da wuraren waha kuma yana da mahimmanci don tsarawa da sarrafa albarkatun ruwa yadda ya kamata. Don haka lokaci na gaba da kuke shirin sabbin fasalolin ruwa don tafkin ku ko kawai bincika ingancin ruwan gabaɗaya, la'akari da wannan dabarar don sakamako mafi kyau.
Menene LSI na ruwan wanka
Menene Langelier Saturation Index ke wakilta a wuraren waha?
Sakamakon Lafiya na Gyaran LSI a cikin wuraren wanka
Haɓaka kan mutane ta hanyar canza fihirisar LSI a cikin ruwan wanka
- Abin baƙin ciki shine, gyaran ISL a cikin wuraren shakatawa yanayi ne mai yuwuwar haɗari wanda dole ne a guji shi ta kowane farashi. ISL, ko ƙara gishiri ga ruwa, al'ada ce ta gama gari a gidaje da yawa.
- A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da ISL lafiya azaman maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da cire ragowar daga ruwa. Duk da haka, ana iya amfani da LSI ta hanyar da ba daidai ba, yana haifar da wuce haddi na LSI.
- Lokacin da wannan ya faru, ana ƙara LSI da yawa kuma ruwan ya zama gishiri da yawa don mutane da dabbobin gida su sha lafiya.
- Ƙarshe, yin gyaran LSI zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako, ciki har da rashin ruwa, cramps, har ma da mutuwa.
- Baya ga gagarumin sakamako a kan mutane a cikin decompensation na jikewa na pool, A ƙasa a kan wannan shafin za mu gaya muku game da sakamakon rashin daidaituwa na ISL a cikin tafkin kanta.
Madaidaitan sigogi a cikin lalata ruwan tafkin
TTable of manufa dabi'u ga disinfection na iyo pool ruwa
Siga tare da indices masu dacewa don lalata ruwan tafkin
| PARAMETER | IDEAL value pool ruwa |
|---|---|
| pH | Matsayin pH: 7,2-7,4. (masu alaka: yadda za a tada pool pH y yadda za a rage pH pool). |
| Ragowar chlorine kyauta | Jimlar ƙimar chlorine: 1,5ppm. Ƙimar chlorine kyauta: 1,0-2,0ppm Ragowar ko hadewar chlorine: 0-0,2ppm |
| jimlar bromine | Jimlar bromine: ≤4 ppm (guraren iyo) ≤6 ppm ( spas) Haɗin bromine: ≤0,2ppm |
| isocyanuric acid | Cyanuric acid: 0-75m |
| taurin calcium | Taurin ruwan tafkin: 150-250m |
| Alkalinity | Pool ruwa alkalinity 125-150m |
| Yiwuwar REDOX | Madaidaicin ƙimar ORP Pool (Pool Redox): 650mv -750mv. |
| turbidity | Tashin ruwa (-1.0), |
| Bayyanawa | Bambance magudanar ruwa |
| Temperatura | Mafi kyawun zafin jiki: tsakanin 24 - 30 ºC |
| Phosphates | Pool phosphates (-100 pb) |
| Sal | Tsakanin 3000 da 6000mg/l |
| RH | ≤65% |
| Carbon dioxide | ≤500mg/m3 |
| Matsayin jikewar tafkin | Ƙimar ISL tsakanin -0,3 da 0,3 ana ɗauka tana cikin kewayon karɓuwa. Ƙimar da ta dace, duk da haka, tana tsakanin 0,20 da 0,30. |
Sanya tafkin ta atomatik
Lallai, fifiko, kamar yadda kuka riga kuka sani, shine ruwan tafkin.
Saboda wannan dalili, a bayyane yake cewa mafi kyawun shawara don numfashi cikin sauƙi yana tafiya ta hanyar saka hannun jari wajen sarrafa tafkin Bugu da ƙari, a cikin dogon lokaci, ba wai kawai zai ba mu kwanciyar hankali ba, amma jarin kansa za a mayar da shi ta hanyar ajiyar kuɗi a cikin kayayyakin sinadarai, ajiyar kuɗi a cikin ruwan wanka ...
Sabili da haka, canja wurin alhakin tafkin zuwa na'urorin, manta game da disinfection na wuraren waha kuma kuyi amfani da lokacin wanka wanda ya riga ya isa ... Kuma a gaskiya, shine dalilin da yasa kuke da tafkin.
Mahimman ƙimomi a cikin ma'aunin jikewa na Langelier
Madaidaicin ƙimar Langelier Saturation Index (LSI)
Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) an bayyana daidai da bambanci tsakanin ƙimar pH na ruwa da na pH jikewa:
Ma'aunin jikewar ruwa ya bambanta daga -1 zuwa +1. Da kyau, jikewar ruwan tafkin ku zai kasance tsakanin -0.3 da +0.3. Koyaya, makasudin shine samun daidaitaccen daidaitaccen 0 (wanda aka sani da ma'auni) da kiyaye wannan lambar don hana lalata da lalata.
Ta wannan hanyar, Langelier yana bayyana ma'anar (LSI) daidai da bambanci tsakanin ƙimar pH na ruwa da na pH jikewa:
Langelier Saturation Index (LSI): LSI = pH - pHs. Duk da haka, ana amfani da fihirisar don tantance ko ana ɗaukar ruwan a matsayin mai lalacewa ko mai saurin haɓaka sikelin.
Me muke nufi da Langelier Water Saturation Corrosive Index?
Makullin kalmar shine jikewa, madaidaicin matakin jikewa a cikin LSI shine 0.0. Ruwa yana neman ya kasance cikin daidaituwa ta halitta, kuma zai sami hanyar zuwa can.
- Rashin isasshen matakin jikewa yana lalata, yayin da ruwa mai yawa zai samar da sikeli.
- Ruwa yana da iyaka ga matakin calcium da zai iya riƙewa a dakatarwa, da zarar ruwan ya kasance daidai matakin jikewa ba za a sami ƙarin matsaloli ba.
- A wannan yanayin, aikinmu na masu sana'a a cikin kula da tafkin shine daidaita ruwa yadda ya kamata (da kuma kula da wannan ma'auni) ta yadda ba a samar da sikeli ko ruwa mai lalata ba wanda zai haifar da lalacewa ga bangon tafkunan.
Darajar Langelier Saturation Index
| Darajar Langelier Saturation Index | yanayin ruwa |
| +0.3 zuwa +2.0 | Babban sakawa. |
| 0.0 zuwa +0.3 | Ma'auni mai haske tare da lalata. |
| 0.0 | daidaitacce. Lalacewar haske na iya faruwa. |
| 0.0 zuwa -0.3 | Lalacewar haske. Sikeli ba ya samuwa. |
| -0.3 zuwa -2.0 | Babban lalata. |
- Menene ma'anar jikewar ruwan tafkin?
- Me yasa ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin yake da mahimmanci?
- Madaidaitan sigogi a cikin lalata ruwan tafkin
- Mahimman ƙimomi a cikin ma'aunin jikewa na Langelier
- Ideal dabi'u a cikin pool ruwa jikewa index
- Ruwan ruwa mai lalacewa = ma'aunin jikewa kasa da 0
- Yadda za a rage da hana lalata dabi'un ruwan tafkin
- Encrusting ruwan pool = jikewa index mafi girma 0,30
- Rigakafin lalata a cikin tafkin
- Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi LSI na Ruwan Pool
- Yadda ake lissafta ruwan wanka na ISL
- Yadda za a gyara jikewa matakin ruwan tafkin
- Mafi kyawun mita don kula da ruwan tafki
Ideal dabi'u a cikin pool ruwa jikewa index
Idan LSI = 0, ruwan ya cika (a cikin ma'auni) tare da CaCO3 da CaCOXNUMX ba ya haɓaka ko narke.
- Ƙimar LSI tsakanin -0,3 da 0,3 ana ɗauka tana cikin kewayon karɓuwa: LSI tsakanin -0,3 da 0,3 yana nuna cewa ruwa yana iya lalata bututu da shigarwa.
- Ƙimar da ta dace, duk da haka, tana tsakanin 0,20 da 0,30.
Tare da matakan ruwa daban-daban, Langelier Saturation Index zai bambanta kuma zai bambanta dangane da yanayin gida.
Misali, ana iya buƙatar ƙima mai girma na jikewa ga wurin cunkoson jama'a tare da yawan zirga-zirgar masu amfani, yayin da ana iya buƙatar ƙaramin ƙimar jimillar jikewa don tafkin bayan gida mai zaman kansa wanda 'yan uwa ke amfani da shi da farko.
Ruwan ruwa mai lalacewa = ma'aunin jikewa kasa da 0
Idan pool jikewa index dabi'u ne korau, to shi ne lalata.
Limescale da lalata na iya zama matsala mai tsanani ga tafkin ku, ba kawai saboda suna sa shi ya zama maras ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa ba, amma kuma saboda suna iya rinjayar lafiyar baƙi.
Menene ma'anar ma'anar jikewar tafkin ruwa a cikin mummunan ƙima?
Idan ma'anar jikewa na tafkin ba shi da kyau: yana nuna cewa ruwan yana da lalacewa tun lokacin da ruwa ya cika kuma saboda haka CaCO3 an ajiye shi kuma saboda haka ruwan yana lalata.
A matsayin tunatarwa, ruwa mara kyau yana da hali don cire zanen gado na calcium carbonate (CaCO3) wanda ke ba da kariya ga bututu da kayan aiki.
Alamu ga LSI na ruwa mai lalata
Nau'in lalata bisa ga ƙimar LSI na tafkin mai lalata
- Darajar LSI: 2,0
- Farashin LSI 0,5
Ƙarƙashin ƙimar kowane ɗayan ukun da ke sama, ruwan ya zama ƙasa da ɓarna (ko fiye da lalata), wato, ƙarancin isasshen adadin calcium carbonate a cikin ruwa yana lalata kuma yana gaya mana lokacin da ruwan ya yi tashin hankali.
Ƙananan matakan ISL ba kawai alamar sakaci ne daga ɓangaren mai gidan ba, har ma da barazana ga kayan aikin tafkin ku.
Duk da yake kowane nau'in karafa suna da ƙarfi sosai, musamman tagulla sanannen abu ne mai guba ga aikin famfo.
Lalacewar za ta fara rushe kayan aikin tafkin da kuma ganuwar tafkin.
- Duk wani kayan aiki, bututu, siding na vinyl, ko filasta za su fara rushewa kuma su zama marasa amfani.
- Idan ruwan ya lalace sosai don fara shafar kayan aikin tafkin, ba kwa son sa akan fata.
- Idan ba a kula da su ba, matakan ISL na iya girma zuwa matakai masu haɗari, haifar da lalatawar damuwa a cikin bututu, lalata faucet, kawunan yayyafawa, gaskets, da kwandunan skimmer.
Yadda za a rage da hana lalata dabi'un ruwan tafkin
Ya kamata a lura cewa akwai hanyoyi guda 3 da za a iya rage rashin lalacewa na ruwa na tafkin kuma suna ta hanyar haɓaka 3 sigogi: pH, alkalinity da calcium hardness..
Hanya ta farko: Rage halayen lalata na ruwa: ƙara pH
Ana ƙara pH ta ƙara hydroxide (kamar soda ko potash).
Sayi mai haɓaka pH
Hanya ta biyu: Rage lallacewar ruwa: haɓaka alkalinity
- Ana ƙara alkali ta hanyar ƙara carbonate (kamar Calcite, wanda shine calcium carbonate), bicarbonate ko hydroxide (irin su Corosex, wanda shine magnesium oxide) a cikin ruwa, wanda zai rushe kuma ya narke yayin da ya hadu da ruwa. + 2 ion da OH-ion).
Sayi mai haɓaka alkalinity pool
Hanya ta uku: Rage lallacewar ruwa: ƙara taurin calcium
- Ana ƙara taurin ta hanyar ƙara shi a cikin ruwa (kamar ta Calcite ko Corosex).
Sayi wurin waha mai ƙara taurin calcium
Rigakafin tabon ƙarfe da ma'aunin tafkin
Game da SC-1000 ne wanda ba phosphate tushen tushen chelator
- Da farko, lura cewa samfurin ƙarfe na SC-1000 yana da mahimmanci don samun samfurin chelating, duk da haka, yawancin samfuran chelating a kasuwa suna tushen phosphate.
Menene SC-1000 karfe chelator don kula da waha
- SC-1000 samfuri ne na yau da kullun da ake amfani da shi a cikin kula da wuraren waha don taimakawa yanayin yanayin tafkin da hana fashewa ko fashewa yayin aikin bushewa.
- Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, ana amfani da wannan samfurin da farko don daidaita ruwan da kansa, yana dawo da ma'adanai da karafa cikin bayani don a iya tsabtace su cikin sauƙi lokacin da tafkin ya shirya don buɗewa.
- Wannan yana taimakawa hana lalacewa tafkunan tafkin yayin aikin bushewa kuma yana tabbatar da cewa ya kasance a cikin mafi kyawun yanayin ko da bayan an cika shi da ruwa.
- Duk da haka, SC-1000 kuma na iya samun tasiri mai kyau akan ƙwarewar masu wanka a cikin tafkin, kiyaye shi mai laushi da jin dadi na tsawon lokaci.
- Gabaɗaya, wannan samfuri mai ma'ana shine kyakkyawan ƙari ga kowane shirin kula da wuraren waha kuma yana da kyau a yi la'akari da shi idan kuna son taimakawa wurin zama mai kariya da aiki koda bayan an cika tafkin.
Yana daidaita LSI tare da hana ƙananan matakan a cikin ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin
- Bugu da ƙari, SC-1000 yana rage ions ISL ta hanyar lalata su tare da amintaccen pH acidic; Ba tare da hani na matakan ISL ba, ƙarfe masu nauyi kamar jan ƙarfe, ƙarfe da zinc na iya lalata mahimman abubuwan tafkin cikin sauƙi.
- Kawai daidaita matakan ISL a cikin tafkin ku don kare hannun jarinku, kuma ku ji daɗin tsabta, layukan daɗaɗɗen tafkin ruwa maras ISL na gaske.
Yadda ake amfani da tabon ƙarfe da samfurin rigakafin sikelin
Karfe Tabon & Sikeli Rigakafin: SC-1000 ne Orenda ta ba-phosphate tushen karfe daure.
A zahiri, muna tsammanin yana da mahimmanci don samun samfurin chelating, duk da haka, yawancin samfuran chelating waɗanda ke wanzu akan kasuwa sune tushen phosphate yayin da SC-1000 ba.
Yi amfani da ma'aunin ƙarfe chelator
- SC-1000 ne da farko amfani da kwandishan tafiyar matakai, don kare pool surface yayin da surface gama bushewa.
- To, yana aiki ta hanyar zana ma'adanai da karafa a cikin bayani. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen cire tabo da sikelin da suka rigaya a cikin tafkin.
- Daga wani hangen nesa, tuna cewa lokacin da kake amfani da SC-1000 zai iya tasiri lMatakan chlorine na kashi mai tsafta, don haka yana da mahimmanci a ci gaba da lura da matakan chlorine ɗinku akai-akai, har sai sun daidaita.
Bidiyo aikace-aikacen samfurin rigakafin ruwa mara kyau
Sayi samfurin rigakafin ruwa mai lalata
Farashin samfur don guje wa mabiyan jimillar jimillar ƙasa 0
- Menene ma'anar jikewar ruwan tafkin?
- Me yasa ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin yake da mahimmanci?
- Madaidaitan sigogi a cikin lalata ruwan tafkin
- Mahimman ƙimomi a cikin ma'aunin jikewa na Langelier
- Ideal dabi'u a cikin pool ruwa jikewa index
- Ruwan ruwa mai lalacewa = ma'aunin jikewa kasa da 0
- Yadda za a rage da hana lalata dabi'un ruwan tafkin
- Encrusting ruwan pool = jikewa index mafi girma 0,30
- Rigakafin lalata a cikin tafkin
- Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi LSI na Ruwan Pool
- Yadda ake lissafta ruwan wanka na ISL
- Yadda za a gyara jikewa matakin ruwan tafkin
- Mafi kyawun mita don kula da ruwan tafki
Encrusting ruwan pool = jikewa index mafi girma 0,30
LSI a sama da 0,30 yana nuna cewa ruwa kuma na iya haifar da matsalolin ƙima.
Idan ma'anar jikewa na tafkin yana da kyau: yana nuna cewa ruwa yana ɓoyewa
Idan fihirisar ta tabbata: yana nuna cewa ruwa yana taruwa. Ruwan da aka cika da shi dangane da calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Samuwar ma'auni mai yiwuwa.
Nau'in lalata bisa ga ƙimar LSI na tafkin encrusting
Rushe Matakan Ruwan Pool
- Tafkunan darajar ISL: 0,0
- Tafkunan darajar ISL: 0,5
Matsalolin da aka samo daga ma'aunin jikewa mara kyau na ruwan tafkin
Idan ruwan yana da ƙarfi (LSI <0), lalata na iya faruwa akan sassan ƙarfe kuma yana iya lalata hatimi. Ko da tafkin mu ba shi da sassan karfe, wannan rashin daidaituwa zai haifar da matsala.
- Mafi mahimmanci, tasirin da duk muka sani kuma ya fi bayyana, idan ruwan yana ƙazanta (LSI> 0), adadin gishiri zai bayyana a cikin tacewa, bango, bututu, da dai sauransu. saboda ruwan ba ya lalacewa kuma fina-finan gishirin da aka ajiye na dutsen al'ada suna kare kariya daga lalata.
- Don haka, kamar yadda LSI <0, ruwa yana kula da daidaitawa ta hanyar ɗaukar sinadarin calcium da ya ɓace daga inda yake, narkar da tsohuwar sikelin ko kai tsaye daga abubuwan da aka gyara.
- Sama da duka, ba shi da kyan gani a kan filaye da aka fallasa kuma a cikin bututu yana rage sashin tasiri kuma yana iya haifar da cikas.
- A cikin tafkin, bangon da bene sun zama fari tare da adibas na calcium salts gauraye da samfuran halitta da kuma ƙarfe oxides, yana ba tafkin bayyanar da ba ta da kyau da kuma tsufa.
- Bugu da ƙari, ma'auni zai fara haɓakawa da toshe tsarin aikin famfo na tafkin ku da tsarin samun iska.
- Wadannan ma'adinan calcium suna da matukar wahalar cirewa, don haka hana su shine mafi kyawun madadin gyara su.
- El Ruwan tafkin kuma zai zama gajimare kuma zai yi wuya a ga ta cikinsa.
- Sikeli, idan akwai, yana narkar da barin saman ƙarfe har ma da fallasa ga lalata.
- A cikin tafkunan tayal, haɗin gwiwa yakan ƙare kuma riko da su yana raunana, yana sauƙaƙa musu fitowa. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda abin da muka nuna a farkon wannan sakon, saboda ma'aunin solubility na CaCO3.
- A ƙarshe, yin sharhi cewa ruwan tafkin yana so ya kasance cikin ma'auni, kuma sikelin da lalata shine hanyar ƙoƙarin gyara ma'auni. Idan ba ku da isasshen calcium da ma'adanai, fara cin abin da za ku iya don samun shi. Idan kuna da yawa daga ciki, zai fara zama a wurare kamar bututu ko bangon tafkin.
Rigakafin lalata a cikin tafkin
Sarrafa limescale a cikin tafkin
Don hana waɗannan matsalolin tasowa, kuna buƙatar kula da ma'aunin ruwan ku kuma ku tabbata ya tsaya a cikin kewayon da ya dace.
Hakanan ya kamata ku yi gyaran tacewa na yau da kullun da shirye-shiryen kiyaye kariya saboda suna iya taimakawa kiyaye ruwan ku cikin siffa ta sama.
Tabbas, yana da mahimmanci don tsaftacewa da lalata wuraren da mafi yawan lalacewa ke faruwa, kamar tsarin bututun PVC ko bangon tafkin. Gabaɗaya, idan an ɗauki hanyar kai tsaye don sarrafa ma'auni da lalata
Gabaɗaya, don hanawa da sarrafa lalata, dole ne ku fara fahimtar abubuwan musamman waɗanda ke haifar da waɗannan matsalolin.
Abubuwa uku na farko sune tauri, acidity da gishiri.
- Da farko dai taurin yana nufin gaba ɗaya matakin calcium da sauran ma'adanai a cikin ruwan tafkin. Don haka, ruwa mai wuya yana da babban LSI kuma yana haɓaka lemun tsami fiye da ruwa mai laushi.
- Na biyu, acidity shine pH na ruwa. Mafi girma pH zai iya haifar da ƙarin yanayi mai lalacewa, yana sa ya yi wuya ga calcium don haɗi zuwa saman yumbu na tafkin ku.
- A ƙarshe, matakin gishiri kuma yana da mahimmanci. Lokacin da kuka ƙara gishiri a cikin tafki, kuna ƙirƙirar yanayi inda calcium ke da wahalar tsayawa. Don haka, samun daidaitattun daidaito na taurin, acidity da gishiri yana da mahimmanci don hana haɓakar sikelin.
Dabarun daidaita LSI
Idan muka canza dabarunmu kuma muka daina bin ƙimar da ke canzawa akai-akai (pH) kuma muka mai da hankali kan daidaita LSI, ƙimar calcium zai zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan. Calcium maiyuwa ba zai iya adana pH kai tsaye ba, amma tabbas yana daidaita LSI gabaɗaya.
Lokacin da pH ɗinmu ya canza, haka ma darajar calcium.
Idan muka ƙara yawan sinadarin calcium, zai taimaka wajen daidaita canjin pH, yana dawo da abubuwa zuwa al'ada.
Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi LSI na Ruwan Pool
Muhimmancin wakilai masu tasiri a cikin ƙimar LSI na wuraren waha
Duk abubuwan da ke cikin ISL suna da mahimmanci
Kula da matakin jikewa na tafkin ku
Wannan ya kamata ya amsa duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani don sanin yadda tafkin ku ya cika da kuma yadda za ku gyara shi idan ya cancanta. Ka tuna cewa duk wani gyare-gyaren da za ku yi game da sinadarai ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ƙananan allurai, don haka ba za ku yi kasada fiye da gyara ba.
Hanya mafi sauƙi don kula da tafkin ku shine kasancewa a saman shi akai-akai kuma kada ku bari matsaloli su zama bututu mai ƙima ko kayan aiki masu lalata. Gwajin sau biyu a mako zai nuna da sauri ko kuna buƙatar ɗaukar matakin gyara ko a'a.
Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi LSI na Ruwan Pool
Mahimmanci, abubuwan da suka shafi matakin jikewa na tafkin sune (idan ka danna hanyoyin haɗin kai kai tsaye za ku shiga cikin shigarwar inda muka fallasa duk cikakkun bayanai):
- Temperatura
- pH
- Wuya
- isocyanuric acid
- Alkalinity
- Adadin Jimillar Narkar da Ruwa (ppm)
Na gaba, muna haɓaka kowannensu.
Mahimmin abu na 1st don ƙididdige Fihirisar Saturation na Langelier
Mahimmin zafin jiki don ƙididdige Ma'anar Saturation na Langelier
Zazzabi yana rinjayar yadda ingantattun sinadarai na tafkin ke aiki, da kuma saurin wasu halayen cikin ruwa.
- Wani ma'auni wanda ke ƙarfafa yanayin ruwa shine zafinsa: a yanayin zafi mafi girma, yanayin yana ƙaruwa, saboda danko yana raguwa kuma motsi na ions (tare da electrons) yana ƙaruwa.
- Saboda haka, zafin jiki na tafkin zai iya yin tasiri sosai a kan lafiyarsa da aikinsa.
- A al'ada, yawan zafin jiki na tafkin yana haifar da karuwa a cikin ayyukan iskar gas da wasu halayen sunadarai a cikin ruwa.
- Wannan ya sa ya fi dacewa cewa tafkin zai sami algae ko wasu matsaloli a sakamakon canjin yanayi.
- A gefe guda kuma, raguwar zafin tafkin na iya sa ta daskare, wanda ke da matsala wajen kiyaye shi da tsabta.
- Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci a kula da dace zazzabi for your pool domin tabbatar da mafi kyau duka yi da kuma kiwon lafiya na biyu famfo da pool kayan.
Menene madaidaicin zafin tafkin?
La manufa pool zafin jiki Ya dogara da dalilai irin naku wuri, ku halaye da amfanin da aka ba shi. Wuraren waje ba ɗaya yake da tafki na cikin gida ba, haka nan ko an yi nufin wanka ko yin iyo ba daidai ba ne.
El yanayin waje Hakanan ma'auni ne don tabbatar da yanayin zafin ruwa mai kyau kuma, kodayake babu takamaiman ma'aunin ƙididdigewa don saita wannan ƙimar, zamu iya tabbatar da cewa zafin ruwa a cikin wuraren waha na waje yawanci oscillate tsakanin 28 zuwa 30 digiri.
A cikin yanayin wuraren tafki na cikin gida, yanayin zafi yana hade da yanayin zafi matakin. Mafi girman zafi, ƙananan yanayin zafi na ruwa. A matsayinka na gaba ɗaya, a cikin wuraren tafki na cikin gida zafin jiki ya bambanta tsakanin digiri 24 da 29.
Dalilai na biyu na kuskuren ƙima a cikin ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin
Ajiye pH a cikin kewayon sa
Matakan pH sune muhimmin mahimmanci don kiyaye ma'aunin pH na tafkin ku.
- Ya kamata a kiyaye matakin pH na tafkinku cikin yanayi mai daɗi don hana matsaloli kamar lalata da samuwar sikelin. Abubuwa kamar matakan pH suna shafar tasirin sinadarai na tafkin ku kuma suna iya shafar lafiyar ku da amincin ku. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da matakan pH da matakan lalata na tafkin ku don kiyaye shi da tsabta da aminci.
- Bugu da ƙari, akwai dangantaka mai mahimmanci tsakanin babban pH a cikin wuraren waha saboda overrection na ISL.
Mafi kyawun ƙimar pH don ruwan tafkin
- Mafi kyawun pH don ruwan tafkin shine 7.2-7,4, saboda wannan daidai yake da pH a cikin idanun mutum da mucous membranes. Hakanan pH na 7.4 yana ba da ingantaccen maganin chlorine, don haka tsakanin 7,2 da 7,4 ana iya la'akari da daidaitaccen pH.
Yadda ya faru cewa ta hanyar gyara LSI muna ƙara pH na ruwan tafkin
- A wasu kalmomi, lokacin da pH ko alkalinity ya sauke don LSI ya fadi da yawa a ƙasa da 0,00, dole ne ruwa ya dawo kuma ya sake daidaitawa. Alal misali, idan ka ƙara acid mai yawa, za ka iya lura da rana mai zuwa cewa pH ya fi yadda yake a farkon wuri.
- Wannan na iya faruwa saboda yawan acid ɗin ku na iya saukar da alkalinity da pH, yana haifar da LSI ya zama m (a ƙasa -0.30), yana haifar da ruwa don neman saturation na calcium.
- Ruwa yana ƙunshe da siminti (ko tayal grout), wanda ke da babban pH, kuma taurin calcium shima yana ƙaruwa. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman idan kun ƙara acid ba daidai ba.
- A zahiri, duk ruwan da ake ƙoƙarin yi shine komawa zuwa ma'aunin LSI. Zubar da acid ɗinku ya dagula zaman lafiya. Kyakkyawan misali shine farkon sabon tafkin.
Mahimmin abu na 3st don ƙididdige Fihirisar Saturation na Langelier
Yi la'akari da alkalinity don sanin jikewar tafkin
Alkalinity shine ma'auni na acidity ko asali na ruwa. Ana amfani da Alkalinity don auna pH na ruwa a wuraren iyo.
- Yawanci ana bayyana Alkalinity a sassa a kan miliyan (ppm), amma ana amfani da daidai da decimal a wasu ƙasashe.
- Alkalinity yana da mahimmanci saboda yana ƙayyade adadin acid ko tushe da aka samar lokacin amfani da tafkin.
- Idan alkalinity ya yi yawa, pH na ruwa zai karu kuma zai zama ƙasa da aminci ga masu wanka.
- Idan alkalinity ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, pH na ruwa zai ragu kuma ya zama mai lalacewa, yana iya haifar da lalacewa ga kayan aikin tafkin da rauni na mutum.
- Ana gwada Alkalinity yawanci tare da 0,02 pH bayani mai buffer, wanda ke ba da damar aunawa ba tare da haifar da canji a pH ba.
Shawarar matakin alkalinity na tafkin
pool alkalinity shawarar shine tsakanin 125-150 ppm.
4º Dalilan kuskuren ƙima a cikin ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin
Auna taurin calcium na tafkin
Taurin Calcium kai tsaye yana nuna adadin calcium da ke ɓoye a cikin ruwa.
- Samun adadi mai yawa ba lallai ba ne yana nufin ƙima, saboda ƙima yana dogara sosai akan matakan pH. Madaidaicin taurin calcium yakamata ya kasance kusa da 150ppm, in ba haka ba kuna haɗarin samun ruwa mai ƙarfi da haɓaka yuwuwar ƙima.
Madaidaitan ƙimar taurin tafkin
Madaidaicin ƙimar taurin ruwan tafkin DE LINER: tsakanin 175 da 225 ppm kowace miliyan.
Kewayon ƙimar taurin tafkin tare da sutura waɗanda ba su da layi na 180 zuwa 275 ppm.
Mahimmin abu na 5 don lissafin Langelier Saturation Index
Yawan isocyanuric acid
Menene cyanuric acid (CYA)?
Isocyanuric acid: menene kuma menene ake amfani dashi a cikin tafkin mu?
A cikin masana'antar tafki, cyanuric acid an san shi da ma'aunin chlorine ko kwandishan.
Fiye da duka, Cyanuric Acid Stabilizer don wuraren waha yana iyakance bazuwar chlorine ta hasken ultraviolet na rana, yana hana shi shiga cikin sauri kuma ruwan tafkin ya kare daga kamuwa da cuta..
Kyakkyawan darajar cyanuric acid (chloramines)
- Matsakaicin mafi kyawun ƙwayar cyanuric acid a cikin wuraren waha shine tsakanin 30 zuwa 50 ppm. Kodayake Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ba da shawarar cewa matakan acid cyanuric a cikin wuraren wanka kada su wuce 100 ppm. A cikin Spain, an yarda da shawarar cewa acid cyanuric a cikin wuraren shakatawa bai wuce 742 ppm ba tare da Dokar Royal 2013/75.
Dalilai na biyu na kuskuren ƙima a cikin ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin
Adadin Jimillar Narkar da Ruwa (ppm)
TDS shine ma'auni mai mahimmanci ga kowane mai tafkin.
- Da farko, bayyana cewa jimillar narkar da daskararrun ba su yin tasiri ga scaling ko lalata hali na ruwa, amma sun yi potentiate ya ce hali, domin suna ƙara conductivity na ruwa.
- Zai iya taimakawa wajen ƙayyade yanayin lafiyar tafkin ku da gano matsalolin da za a iya fuskanta da wuri, kuma a gaskiya, bisa sakamakon gwajin TDS, kuna iya buƙatar yin gyare-gyare ga ruwan tafkin ku, kamar ƙara yawan adadin calcium ko ƙara wani abu. sinadaran activator don fara algae girma.
- Daidaitaccen ma'auni na TDS yana da mahimmanci, saboda girman TDS zai iya haifar da matsalolin ingancin ruwa kamar haɓakar sikelin da algae blooms.
Rashin ma'auni na TDS na iya zama tushen takaici kuma yana iya yin tasiri mara kyau game da aikin tafkin da farashin kulawa akan lokaci.
Don haka, ya zama dole ga masu tafkin su ba da kulawa ta musamman ga karatunsu na TDS kuma a sa su yi su akai-akai ta hanyar kwararrun kwararru.
Standard matakin tds pool ruwa
TDS yana nufin Jimillar Narkar da Daskararru kuma yana nufin jimillar adadin narkar da ma'adanai da gishiri a cikin ruwa. Yawanci ana bayyana matakan TDS a cikin milligrams kowace lita (mg/L).
- Matsakaicin ƙimar ruwa mai tsafta shine kusan 4,0 MG/L, kuma ƙasa da 3,0 MG/L ana iya la'akari da babban haɗari. A cikin binciken da WHO ta gudanar, an cimma matsaya masu zuwa game da kyakkyawan matakin TDS a cikin ruwa (mg/l): Kasa da 300: Madalla. 300-600: Mai kyau. 600-900: Gaskiya. > 900: Haɗari.
- Matakan TDS sama da 900 MG/L na iya zama alamar yin amfani da ruwa mai yawa na ban ruwa ko matakan ma'adinai masu yawa a cikin ruwa mai tushe. Mutanen da ke da manyan matakan TDS na iya fuskantar fushi, ciwon kai, da sauran alamun bayyanar.
- Menene ma'anar jikewar ruwan tafkin?
- Me yasa ma'aunin jikewar ruwan tafkin yake da mahimmanci?
- Madaidaitan sigogi a cikin lalata ruwan tafkin
- Mahimman ƙimomi a cikin ma'aunin jikewa na Langelier
- Ideal dabi'u a cikin pool ruwa jikewa index
- Ruwan ruwa mai lalacewa = ma'aunin jikewa kasa da 0
- Yadda za a rage da hana lalata dabi'un ruwan tafkin
- Encrusting ruwan pool = jikewa index mafi girma 0,30
- Rigakafin lalata a cikin tafkin
- Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi LSI na Ruwan Pool
- Yadda ake lissafta ruwan wanka na ISL
- Yadda za a gyara jikewa matakin ruwan tafkin
- Mafi kyawun mita don kula da ruwan tafki
Yadda ake lissafta ruwan wanka na ISL
Yadda ake ƙididdige matakin jikewar LSI da tafkin ruwa
Bayan bita kawai mahimman abubuwa guda shida don lissafin Langelier Saturation Index
- pH
- Temperatura
- pool taurin
- Alkalinity (ppm)
- Isocyanuric Acid/Stabilizer (lokacin amfani)
- Jimlar Narkar da Ƙarfafa (ppm)
Don lissafin LSI ɗin ku, kuna buƙatar yin ɗan lissafi kaɗan. Da farko za ku buƙaci gano zafin tafkin ku, pH, alkalinity, taurin calcium, acid cyanuric da duka narkar da daskararru.
Kuma, muna ba ku gaba cewa kowane ɗayan waɗannan masu canji an sanya su tare da ma'aunin gyara, dangane da ƙimar sa lokacin ƙididdige ISL, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin tebur mai zuwa.
Equation don ƙididdige LSI na ruwan tafkin
Formula for pool ruwa jikewa index
(pH) + (zazzabi a cikin Fahrenheit) + (taurin alli) + [( jimlar alkalinity) - (matsayin gyaran CYA a pH na yanzu)] - (TDS) = LSI.
Yadda za a gyara jikewa matakin ruwan tafkin
Lokacin da za a gyara matakin jikewa na tafkin
Lokacin daidaita ma'aunin ruwa Langelier jikewa index
El Langelier index Yana ba da damar sanin ingancin ruwa ta hanyar samar da bayanai game da haɓakawa ko halayen haɗari na ruwa kuma yana dogara ne akan ma'auni na carbon dioxide, bicarbonate-carbonates, pH, zafin jiki, ƙwayar calcium da jimlar salinity a cikin ruwa.
Yana da mahimmancin ma'auni don ƙayyade lalata ko ƙima a cikin hanyoyin rarraba ruwa da masana'antu na cikin gida da na gida.
Kamar yadda muka ambata, a cikin lamarin wuraren bazara Mafi kyawun Langelier Index ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin - 0,3 da 0,3, don haka idan ba a cikin wannan kewayon dole ne mu yarda akan ƙimar.
Tunawa da: Madaidaicin ƙimar Langelier Saturation Index (LSI).
LSI Pool dabara
Ainihin, ana amfani da fihirisar don tantance ko ana ɗaukar ruwan a matsayin mai lalata ko mai saurin samuwar sikeli. Ta wannan hanyar. Langelier yana bayyana ma'anar (LSI) daidai da bambanci tsakanin ƙimar ƙimar pH na ruwa da na pH jikewa: LSI = pH - pHs.
M kewayon da aka yarda a tafkin LSI:
- Ƙimar LSI tsakanin -0,3 da 0,3 ana ɗauka tana cikin kewayon karɓuwa.
- Koyaya, kyakkyawan kewayon tafkin LSI yana tsakanin 0,20 da 0,30.
Pool LSI Daidaita
Yadda ake amfani da tebur lissafin lissafin matakin matakin tafkin
Dole ne mu matsar kibiya na madaidaicin sandar zuwa hagu ko dama don zaɓar ƙimar. Bayan sanya sanduna daban-daban a matsayin darajar da aka samu don kowane siga, za mu sami mafita a ƙasa
Dole ne mu kalli teburin da ke ƙasa don mu iya sanin ko wane ƙimar kowane ƙima da aka samu ya yi daidai.
Idan muka kalli teburin ƙimar, zamu lura cewa Calcium Hardness da Total Alkalinity suna da irin wannan tasiri akan LSI.
Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda yana nufin cewa Jimlar alkalinity ba shi kaɗai ba tare da ikon daidaita pH. Har ila yau, taurin Calcium na iya daidaita pH.
ISL pool gyara misali
Sa'an nan, mun sanya kwafin tafkin tare da sunadarai masu zuwa:
- pH: (7.4)
- Zazzabi: 84ºF (0.7)
- Calcium taurin: 300 (2.1)
- Alkalinity: 100 (2.0)
- Isocyanuric Acid/Stabilizer: (pH shine 7.4 = 0.31)
- Jimlar Narkar da Ƙarfi <1000 (12.1)
Bayan auna ma'auni, muna yin lissafin don gyara matakin jikewa na tafkin
- (7.4) + (0.7) + (2.1) + [(2.0) (0.31)] - (12.1) = ISL
- [(10.2) + (1.69)] - (12.1) = ISL
- [11.89] - (12.1) = -0.21 LSI
Mafi kyawun mita don kula da ruwan tafki
Menene na'urorin daukar hoto don wuraren wanka
Photometers pool: pool ruwa kula kayan aiki
- Na'urorin daukar hoto na Pool kayan aiki ne masu amfani don lura da lafiyar tafkin ku.
- Suna ba da karatu guda ɗaya wanda ke nuna matakan sinadarai, kamar chlorine ko bromine, da kuma adadin hasken rana da ya mamaye tafkin.
- Idan aka yi amfani da su daidai, za su iya taimakawa wajen tsaftace tafkin ku kuma cikin yanayi mai kyau.
- Koyaya, kamar duk samfuran mabukaci, masu ɗaukar hoto na tafkin suna da nasu ramukan. Wasu samfura na iya zama masu tsada ba dole ba, yayin da wasu na iya yin kuskuren auna adadin hasken rana a lambun ku. P
- Tabbas, hanya mafi kyau don zaɓar wurin photometer shine yin binciken ku kuma ku tuntuɓi ƙwararrun kafin yin siye. Ta wannan hanyar zaku iya tabbatar da samun ingantaccen sakamako mai yuwuwa kuma ku sami mafi kyawun saka hannun jari.
Amfanin Photometer don wuraren wanka
Idan kuna shirin gina tafki ko kuma kuna tunanin shigar da ɗaya a bayan gidan ku, yana iya zama mahimmanci don samun na'urar daukar hoto don tabbatarwa.
- Ainihin, na'urar photometer na'ura ce da ke auna zafin ruwa da matakan pH kuma tana ba da rahoton sakamakon kai tsaye zuwa wayoyinku ko kwamfutar hannu.
- Wannan bayanin zai iya taimaka muku tantance lafiyar tafkin ku, bin ingancin ruwa akan lokaci, da guje wa gyare-gyare masu tsada a nan gaba.
- Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana yiwuwa a kiyaye tafkin ku lafiya da aiki na shekaru masu yawa. Don haka me yasa ba a saka hannun jari a cikin abin dogaro mai hoto mai hoto a yau ba?
Halayen fasaha na wurin wanka na photometer
Ƙayyadaddun wuraren wanka na photometer
- Mafi mahimmancin sigogi na tafkin
Ga waɗancan ma'abota tafkin ruwa masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke ba da mahimmanci don samun ingantaccen sakamakon aunawa don mahimman sigogi kamar chlorine ko pH, Scuba II shine ingantaccen kayan gwaji. Kayan aiki yana aiki da hankali kuma yana auna ma'auni mafi mahimmanci na tafkin: chlorine kyauta, jimlar chlorine, bromine, darajar pH, alkalinity M da cyanuric acid. - rashin ruwa
Idan na'urar ta fada cikin ruwa fa? Babu matsala: Scuba II ba kawai hana ruwa ba ne, har ma yana iyo. - Haɗin ɗakin aunawa
Yi gwaji ta hanyar nutsar da ɗakin auna na kayan aiki. - sakamako mai sauri
Ƙara reagent kuma danna maɓallin "Test". Za ku sami sakamakon a cikin 'yan daƙiƙa kaɗan. Ko kuma a wasu kalmomi: auna kamar masu riba.
Yadda ake amfani da wurin photometer
The pool photometer babban kayan aiki ne don lura da ingancin tafkin ku.
Wannan na'urar tana auna adadin hasken da ke haskaka saman ruwan kuma zai iya taimakawa wajen tantance ko tafkinku yana kiyaye ma'aunin sinadarai na ruwa yadda ya kamata.
- Photometer yawanci yana zuwa tare da saitin umarni don shiryar da ku ta hanyar amfani da shi, amma ga wasu shawarwari waɗanda zasu taimaka muku haɓaka yuwuwar sa:
Matakai don amfani da photometer don wuraren wanka
- Da farko, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar karatun asali kafin ƙara kowane sabon sinadarai ko jiyya zuwa tafkin. Wannan zai taimaka muku samun cikakken hoto na aikin tafkin a halin yanzu, kuma ya ba ku damar yin gyare-gyaren da suka dace kafin ɗaukar wani mataki na gaba.
- Na gaba, kimanta matakan sinadarai na ruwa akai-akai don ganin ko ana buƙatar yin wasu canje-canje.
- Ko wataƙila idan kun lura cewa tafkin yana samarwa koyaushe babban matakan kore algae, ko kuma idan ka Matsayin pH koyaushe yana ƙasa, yana iya zama lokaci don yin wasu gyare-gyare ga sinadarai na ruwa. Da zarar kun gano matsalolin da za ku iya fuskanta, to, kawai batun ɗaukar ƙarin matakai ne don sanin ainihin abin da ya kamata a yi don magance lamarin.
Tare da amfani mai kyau, na'urar photometer na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa masu gida su kula da nasu wuraren waha na shekaru masu zuwa.
SHAWARWARI: scuba ii photometer
Mafi kyawun hoton ruwan tafkin: scuba ii photometer
Wanene ke buƙatar mai salo mai hoto na wurin ruwa? Da farko, duk wanda ke bin mahimman sigogi na Tafkin yana buƙatar tabbatacce kuma madaidaiciyar hanya don auna tsaftar ruwa, zafin jiki da matakan sinadarai.
Amma bayan wannan, Scuba II photometer cikakken wasa ne idan aka zo ga fahimtar yadda tafkin ku ke aiki.
- Yana fitar da hasken infrared, yana ba ku damar ganin abubuwan da ba a iya gani a ƙarƙashin ruwa waɗanda sauran iyakokin ba za su iya ba.
- Godiya ga wannan fasalin juyin juya hali, za ku sami damar nutsewa cikin gidan bayan ku kuma ku koyi kowane irin sabbin abubuwa game da tafkin ku, abubuwan da ba ku taɓa tsammanin zai yiwu ba.
- Don haka idan kuna son samun mafi kyawun tafkin ku a wannan bazara, kuyi la'akari da saka hannun jari a cikin Scuba II a yau. Ba za ku yi nadama ba.
Yadda ake amfani da photometer scuba ii
rabon ramuwa na TDS
- Ana ƙayyadadden ƙimar TDS ta hanyar ninka karatun ɗabi'a ta hanyar sanannen rabo.
- Mitar tana ba ku damar zaɓar ƙimar juzu'i a cikin kewayon 0.40 zuwa 1.00. Matsakaicin ya bambanta da aikace-aikacen, amma yawanci ana saita shi tsakanin 0.50 da 0.70.
- Lura: Adadin da aka adana zai bayyana a taƙaice akan nunin ƙananan zafin jiki lokacin da aka fara kunna mitar ko lokacin da kuka canza aikin aunawa zuwa TDS.
- Note: A cikin yanayin salinity, rabon shine 0.40 zuwa 0.60 atomatik.
- Don canza rabo, yayin a cikin TDS (ppm ko mg/l) yanayin auna: