Bromine Pools: healthy pool disinfection

bromine tablets swimming pools

Table of contents of the page

En Ok Pool Reform within Swimming pool water treatment We want to advise you on: what it is and how to use bromine water disinfection in swimming pools.

What is bromine for swimming pools

slow bromine tablets pool

Pool bromine what is it for?

It should be noted that, The maintenance of a pool with bromine has become one of the best alternatives to perform periodic maintenance on swimming pools.

Bromine has a high level of tolerance to pH variations and its effectiveness has been proven to eliminate fungi, algae, viruses and bacteria.

Also Due to its natural oxidation process, it is responsible for eliminating organic matter present in the water of swimming pools or spas.

A quick review about: pool bromine what is it

Consider these facts about bromine:

It is an effective disinfectant (that is, it destroys microorganisms, such as bacteria and algae, to an acceptable level that will not harm bathers).
But compared to chlorine, ozone, and potassium monopersulfate, it is weaker when it comes to oxidizing organic compounds (i.e., removing inert contaminants from water, such as bather waste, personal care products, etc.). pollen and dust).
Elemental bromine (Br2) exists as a reddish-brown liquid and is too dangerous to use as a spa treatment.
To keep bathers healthy, the bromine level should not drop below 2,0 ppm

Bromine and organic matter

bromine molecular structure

Bromination process

Bromination is one of the most important transformations in organic synthesis and can be carried out using bromine and many other bromine compounds. The use of molecular bromine in organic synthesis is well known. However, due to the hazardous nature of bromine, recent decades have seen tremendous growth in the development of solid bromine carriers. This review describes the use of bromine and different organic bromo compounds in organic synthesis. The applications of bromine were incorporated, a total of 107 bromine-organic compounds, another 11 bromine agents and some natural sources of bromine. The scope of these reagents for various organic transformations such as bromination, cohalogenation, oxidation, cyclization, ring opening reactions, substitution, rearrangement, hydrolysis, catalysis, etc., has been briefly described to highlight important aspects of bromoorganic compounds in compounds. organic. synthesis.

Capacity of bromine with organic matter

The ability of this inorganic element to dissolve in organic solvents is of considerable importance in its reactions. Although the Earth's crust contains 10¹⁵ to 10¹⁶ tons of bromine, the element is widely distributed and is found in low concentrations in the form of salts. Most of the recoverable bromine is found in the hydrosphere. Seawater contains an average of 65 parts per million (ppm) of bromine. The other main sources in the United States are underground brines and salt lakes, with commercial production in Michigan, Arkansas and California.

Many inorganic bromides have industrial use, but organic ones have a broader application. Thanks to the ease of reaction with organic compounds, and the easy elimination or subsequent displacement, organic bromides have been studied and used as chemical intermediates. Furthermore, bromine reactions are so clean that they can be used in the study of reaction mechanisms without the complication of side reactions. Bromine's ability to bind to unusual positions on organic molecules has additional value as a research tool.

Bromine and organic matter: Health effects

bromine effects on health

Bromine is a naturally occurring element that can be found in many inorganic substances. Humans, however, began introducing organic bromides into the environment many years ago. These are all compounds that are not natural and can cause serious harm to human health and the environment.

Humans can absorb organic bromides through the skin, with food and during breathing. Organic bromides are widely used as sprays to kill insects and other unwanted pests. But they are not only poisonous to the animals they are used against, but also to larger animals. In many cases they are also poisonous to humans.

The most important health effects that can be caused by organic pollutants containing bromides are dysfunctions of the nervous system and alterations of genetic material. But organic bromides can also damage certain organs such as the liver, kidneys, lungs and testicles and can cause stomach and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Some forms of inorganic bromides are found in nature, but although they occur naturally, humans have added too much over the years. Through food and water, humans absorb high doses of inorganic bromides. These bromides can harm the nervous system and the thyroid gland.

Bromine and organic matter: Environmental effects

Organic bromides are often applied as disinfectant and protective agents, due to their harmful effects on microorganisms. When applied in greenhouses and crop fields they can easily be washed into surface waters, which has very negative effects on the health of daphnia, fish, lobsters and algae.

Organic bromides are also harmful to mammals, especially when they accumulate in the bodies of their prey. The most important effects on animals are nerve damage and DNA damage, which can increase the chance of developing cancer.

The intake of organic bromide takes place through food, breathing and through the skin.

Organic bromides are not very biodegradable; When they are decomposed, inorganic bromides are formed. These can damage the nervous system if absorbed in large doses. It has happened in the past that organic bromides ended up in livestock feed. Thousands of cows and pigs had to be slaughtered to prevent contagion to humans. Cattle suffered from symptoms such as liver damage, loss of vision and decreased growth, reduced immunity, decreased milk production, and fetal sterility and malformations.

Pool water disinfection with bromine

Efficiency of bromine pool disinfectant

In the case of bromine disinfection, it has excellent disinfection power. pool cleaning.

Since it performs its function in a wider range of pH levels, it can even act between values 6 – 8 (in the best of cases even up to pH levels 9).
On the other hand, bromine through its powerful oxidation It becomes a great destroyer of impurities and organic matter, providing long-lasting pool maintenance.
So, it is a Very reactive pool cleaning product.
That is, it maintains its level of disinfection up to temperatures of 40ºC, that is why its effectiveness is ideal in pool covers, heated pools, spas, etc.
In other words, bromine it withstands direct solar radiation much better than other treatments, it is very effective for cleaning swimming pools.

Table of contents of the page: Bromine pool

Advantages of swimming pool disinfection with Bromine

Pros of Pool Disinfection with Bromine

High level of effectiveness in waters with high pH: In waters that have a pH greater than 7,5 ppm, the effectiveness of chlorine decreases drastically, while bromine maintains its high disinfection power, even in waters that have a pH close to 8 ppm.
Has a high disinfecting power against microorganisms, algae, bacteria, viruses and fungi.
No gases are released on the surface: As mentioned in previous paragraphs, bromamines when coming into contact with organic amines do not release gases on the surface of the water, unlike chloramines contained in chlorine that release an unpleasant odor and this reaction also causes irritation.
Maintains its properties at high temperatures: Bromine has been shown to be effective in waters with high temperatures, even up to 40 °C, which is why it is the recommended chemical compound for the maintenance of heated pools and hydromassagers.
Possibility of using automatic dosing equipment: There are systems designed to complement the manual dosage of bromine, which makes the work of maintaining a pool with bromine easier and more effective.
It must be noted that bromine produces less concentration of waste in the water, so you will get a ecological pool.
It is worth saying that bromine It also does not damage clothes.
the bromines They do not give off any odor in the pool
The maintenance of pools with bromine is less, simpler, more effective and easier, This product is completely autonomous, requiring fewer additional treatments.
Savings and care for the environment with bromine in the pools, In the long run it is more economical for pool cleaning.

Bromine pools side effects

Disadvantages of using bromine in swimming pools

The disadvantages of using bromine disinfectants

Tendency to deplete total alkalinity; Corrosion damage to the heater can occur if testing is sporadic and unbalanced water is not detected and treated. There is no effective protection against degradation by sunlight comparable to the effect of cyanuric acid on chlorine (mitigated by the fact that most spas are covered most of the time). Program cost may be higher than chlorine No testing for bromide ion level only Inability to switch from bromine to chlorine without draining the spa But the benefits of bromine outweigh all of these for many spa owners.

Once a bromine, always a bromine

The amazing thing about bromine chemistry is that when the hypobromous acid has done its job, most of it is converted to bromide ions. The disinfection cycle will begin again as soon as the ions in the bank encounter an oxidant! (See graph). Remember, chlorine will be sacrificed to produce HOBr as long as there is a bromide level of 15 ppm or higher. This means that once you start a bromine program, you will not be able to switch to a chlorine program unless those bromide ions are removed first.

How does bromine affect water?

Bromine is a chemical disinfectant that can be used in swimming pools in place of chlorine. It is also commonly used in hot tubs and spas, because it can tolerate heat better than chlorine. Although bromine is a better option for those with sensitive skin, there are some dangers that pool owners should be aware of before choosing to use this chemical. c

What are the possible side effects derived from bromine?

1st Bromine pools side effects: Exposure risks

Although bromine is generally gentler on the skin and eyes than chlorine, the possibility of an adverse reaction still exists. This reaction may include itching, red eyes, and irritation of the respiratory system. The amount used to keep pools and spas free of microorganisms and bacteria is low enough that most people won't bother.

2nd Bromine pools side effects: Bromamines

Improper use of bromine can cause your pool or spa to become saturated with compounds called bromamines. Bromines are formed when bromine combines with ammonia in water; Ammonia can come from several sources, such as airborne pollutants, and is typically carried on the skin of swimmers. When the bromine that is contained in the pool is converted into bromamines, the effect that the chemical will have decreases. Therefore, it is possible to have an acceptable reading but still have bacteria and other microorganisms that are not being killed by the chemical. To get rid of these bromamines, the pool or spa must be flushed periodically.

3rd Bromine swimming pools side effects: Bromine and pets

Many dogs love to jump in the pool on a hot day, but pool chemicals can irritate delicate eyes, nasal passages, and other mucous membranes. While bromine is generally easier to bathe pets with than chlorine, it can still result in irritation of a dog's sensitive system. Drinking bromine-treated pool water should be avoided, and rinsing bromine water off pets when they leave the pool is a must to keep them safe and healthy.

Does bromine affect pH level?

Bromine has a low pH of around 4, and using bromine tablets will slowly lower the pH and alkalinity over time, requiring the addition of a chemical base to increase the pH and alkalinity. The same can be said for chlorine tablets, which have an even lower pH, around 3. Bromine is much less affected by the pH of pool or spa water than chlorine, and can be an active disinfectant at all times. high pH levels of 7,8 to 8,2.

Will bromine whiten swimsuits or clothing?

Yes, but probably not to the same degree as chlorine. Bromine is less active than chlorine and although bromine levels may be higher, the whitening effect on swimsuits and skin irritation is generally less.

Exposure and skin effects

Pool workers or lifeguards may come into constant contact with bromine in liquid or tablet form. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, splashing bromine liquid directly on the skin causes burns and chemical damage. Promptly washing away any bromine that comes into contact with the skin with soap and water helps minimize skin irritation. Most swimmers do not come into contact with undiluted bromine compounds, but some swimmers experience redness and skin irritation in bromine-treated pool water. Contact rashes or allergic dermatitis present with dry, itchy red patches or blistered skin.

What is better bromine or chlorine in the pool

Bromine or chlorine

First of all, inform that bromine for swimming pools is a halogen, that is, a chemical substance, which It acts very effectively as a pool water treatment.

And, bromine or chlorine pools? Bromine for swimming pools is one of the best options compared to traditional disinfection with chlorine.

This chemical compound offers similar results to chlorine, but it does not give off any smell.

This is because when maintaining a pool with bromine.

This combines with the organic amines present in the water and produces bromamines, which have high disinfection power and do not produce unpleasant odors or conditions in the eyes, mucous membranes or skin.

Por on the other hand, that waste dbromine pools They are called bromines, They are chemical agents that, in their function, ensure that in pool maintenance the water is not harmful to the health of bathers (they do not redden the skin, they do not irritate the eyes, throat, or mucous membranes, they do not damage the hair...).

Do I need to use twice as much bromine as the amount of chlorine?

Generally, a small amount more bromine is needed, compared to Trichlor tablets.

This is because trichlor tablets generally contain 90% available chlorine, while bromine tablets have a little less than 70%. Therefore, pound for pound, chlorine is more potent.

However, chlorine also dissolves more quickly than bromine and is more active, resulting in faster dissipation.

Bromine is heavier than chlorine

The perception that twice as much bromine would be needed as chlorine probably comes from the fact that bromine users are recommended to maintain a level of 2-4 ppm bromine, whereas with chlorine only 1-2 ppm is recommended. This doesn't mean you need twice as much bromine, but it is because bromine is 2,25 times heavier than chlorine, and when using a chlorine test kit, the reading is multiplied by 2,25 or used a darker comparison color chart.

Advantages of bromine over chlorine

Bromine remains effective at higher pH levels than chlorine.
Bromine is more stable at higher temperatures than chlorine.
Bromines retain lethal power, chloramines do not.
Bromines do not wash off the surface of the water like chloramines do.
Bromine can be reactivated or reused by adding granular oxidant (shock).

Comparison of the different aspects: bromine or chlorine

Effectiveness

The measure of a disinfectant's effectiveness is its reactivity rate. This refers to how quickly it destroys contaminants.

Chlorine: Kills contaminants faster than bromine.

Bromine: It is a very reactive element, although not as reactive as chlorine, so it kills more slowly than chlorine. Bromine also has a lower pH than chlorine, so it can help keep your overall water chemistry more balanced, meaning less adjustments and manipulations for you.

Stability

While chlorine may act more quickly, bromine is more stable than chlorine, especially in warm water.

Chlorine – Dissipates more quickly than bromine and therefore needs to be replaced more frequently.

Bromine: Kills bacteria in your spa for a longer period of time than chlorine.

The exception to this rule is ultraviolet (UV) light, which destroys bromine more quickly than chlorine. This is a concern if you have an outdoor hot tub and makes the use of the tub cover even more important.

Even worse than red eyes and brittle hair is the debilitating effect chloramines have on a disinfectant's ability to combat contaminants. The more chloramines in your hot tub, the greater the chance of algae growth and bacteria reproduction.

Dosage amounts

To get optimal benefit from any sanitizer, you should use enough to work with the amount of water your hot tub contains, which correlates to the size of the tub.

The first thing you should do is follow the manufacturer's instructions. Then, to know if you've used enough, you'll need to test the water to measure the levels.

Chlorine: The ideal level of chlorine is 1 part per million (ppm) to 3 ppm, with 3 ppm being ideal.

Bromine: The ideal level of bromine is 3 ppm to 5 ppm, with 5 ppm being ideal. If you end up with too much chlorine in your hot tub, you can try a few things to reduce the levels. You don't have to start completely over with fresh water. The same goes for bromine.

Also keep in mind that you will probably need to use a higher dose of bromine than chlorine to achieve the same disinfection results, and bromine costs more than chlorine. But because you don't have to use it as often, the cost may turn out to be the same. That also depends on the size of your hot tub and how well it keeps the water clean and balanced.

You'll have to weigh the benefits against the cost to determine if it's worth the extra expense for you.

Your Health

The spa chemicals you use are safe in the right amounts. But some people may react differently to them.

Chlorine: Can be harsh on skin, hair, and eyes, especially at levels that are too high. Additionally, when chloramines remain in the humid air around a spa, they can cause difficulty breathing and even trigger asthma attacks.

Bromine: This is gentler on the skin than chlorine, but can be a little harder to remove after a long soak.

If you or someone who uses your hot tub regularly has sensitive skin or any type of upper respiratory difficulty, bromine is likely the best option.

Bromine pools allergy and chlorine pools allergy

Other allergic reactions that occur due to contact with water are derived from components used to sanitize it in public places such as public and private swimming pools or 'spas'. These are problems that manifest themselves with eczema and hives, irritant dermatitis due to excess chlorine that occur in more reactive skin.

In 2012, a research team coordinated by Dalmau published a study in the journal 'Contact Dermatitis', the main international publication in this field, carried out among patients who practiced 'aquagym' in facilities in which the water had been replaced to clean it. chlorine with bromine, a less irritating product with a better smell. The patients in the study had rashes 6, 24 and 48 hours after swimming in the pool.

Bromine is increasingly used in 'spas', public or private swimming pools, but although cases of contact allergies have been described, since the first cases of dermatitis associated with the component were reported in the early 80s, its use has been increasing but the incidence of allergies is low.

"We must take good care of our skin to avoid injuries due to the sanitation of 'spas' and swimming pools with products such as chlorine and bromine; ozone is more harmless but its use is still limited," says Dalmau.

AQUAGENIC URTICARIA AND COLD ALLERGY

Aquagenic urticaria is more uncommon and rare and similar to cholinergic urticaria but is not due to temperature contrast but occurs only with immersion. It is temporary, as it comes it goes, and it is possible to desensitize the person so that they overcome this type of allergy.

This rare allergy results in urticarial symptoms, with the shower or pool, as in the last case treated at the Tarragona hospital, a swimmer who was able to overcome it with the treatment.

Aquagenic urticaria is distinguished from cholinergic urticaria in the history, since the latter not only occurs with water but also with sweat and stress since components such as adrenaline and histamine are involved that trigger the reaction.

The consumption of water may be associated with an allergic reaction when it is drunk cold, but in reality it is an allergy to the cold that can also occur when drinking other cold drinks or ice cream and in which a dangerous reaction can occur that cause the throat and digestive tract to swell.

Amount of bromine in swimming pool

How much bromine to put in the pool?

For its part, the ideal pool bromine dose for use is between 3 and 4 parts per million (ppm) in swimming pools.

How much bromine is safe in the pool?

Similarly, bromine fluctuates constantly, for this same reason you must have routine control of the parameters; which, as we have already said, to be within a safe level must be between 3 and 4.0 parts per million (ppm).

Because environmental factors constantly remove bromine from water, the only control method needed is to simply wait for the chemical to reach safe levels.

Because it is a bleach-like chemical, higher concentrations of bromine can cause the skin and respiratory reactions mentioned above.

How many bromine tablets should I use in a pool?

For private pools, add around 23 tablets per 50.000 liters of water every 5-7 days or as needed to maintain a residual bromine of 2-3 ppm at all times.

How to measure bromine in swimming pools

pool bromine analyzer

How to Test Your Pool Water for Bromine

Bromine test kit bromine spa

Because bromamines do not have the objectionable properties of chloramines, bromine disinfection tests do not need to differentiate between free and bound forms. Total residual bromine can be read with OT, DPD, FAS-DPD and some test strips. Perform the test immediately after taking the water sample to get the most accurate reading.

All Taylor Residential™ Liquid Kits test for total bromine and total or free chlorine, making them useful for homeowners who prefer chlorine for their pools but bromine for their spas. K-1005 shown.

Officials say that between 4.0 and 6.0 ppm is the ideal concentration of bromine in spas. Opinions differ on the maximum allowed during soaking. The National Swimming Pool Foundation® says 10.0 ppm, while ANSI/APSP does not cite any maximum recommended level. Note: Since Cyanuric Acid Stabilizer does not work with bromine, it is not necessary to perform a CYA test on kits that only contain a bromine disinfectant test, such as the Taylor's Complete™ FAS-DPD Kit (K-2106).

You can use the chlorine tester in your regular pool test kit to check the bromine level. Some kits include a scale to indicate the bromine level. But if yours doesn't, simply multiply the number on the free chlorine scale by 2,25.

How to measure pool bromine

Pool bromine test

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Pool bromine meter

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Pool bromine dispenser

pool bromine dispenser

Pool bromine dispenser features

Chlorine and bromine dispenser. Made of unalterable plastic materials (ABS). Approximate capacity of 3,5 kg of tablets. Closure with double security system on the lid. Simple to use regulating valves.

There are two possible modalities of the bromine dispenser for swimming pools

pool bromine dispenser models

Bromine doser for swimming pools with by-pass connection via flexible tube
And, swimming pool bromine dispenser for direct connection to the pipe with fittings.

Off-line pool bromine dispenser (for by-pass connection) price

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In-line pool bromine dispenser (for direct pipe connection) price

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Bromine dosing float for swimming pools

pool bromine dosing float

Bromine dosing float for swimming pools characteristics

Pool Float Dispenser – Chemical Dispenser for Chlorine or Bromine Tablets – For the Fair Dosage of Pool Additives

Clean pool
The chlorine dispenser for the dosed release of pool additives guarantees clear, clean water in the pool and great bathing fun in summer!

Adjustable dose:
With the adjustable switching ring on the dosing float, the discharge of chemicals into the pool can be conveniently controlled!

Great capacity:
The dosing float is designed to slowly dissolve bromine or chlorine tablets up to a size of 7,6 inches.

Robust and safe:
The floating chemical dispenser is made of UV-resistant plastic and can be used for many summers.

Product Features:
• Color: blue, white
• Dimensions: Ø 16,5 cm x 16,5 cm
• Material: UV resistant plastic
• Suitable for tablets up to 7,6 cm in size

Notes:
Use only one type of chlorine or bromine tablets in the dosing float. Pool chemicals should not be mixed!

For all chemicals, the chemical manufacturer's warnings and instructions should be followed.

Do not Use the floating chemical dispenser while the pool is in use!

Bromine dosing float price for swimming pools

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Brominator

Brominators are floating plastic devices containing bromine tablets. They are designed to allow the tablets to gradually dissolve over time, keeping your spa's bromide bank full. You can usually control how much water comes into contact with the tablets and therefore how quickly they dissolve.

Brominator price

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Automatic pool bromine dispenser

Recommendation: use bromine pool cleaning using an automated dispenser.

Characteristics of the automatic pool bromine dispenser

The new Brominator is made with a particularly robust and durable material that does not require maintenance; In addition, the lid incorporates an automatic closing mechanism that protects it from being opened inadvertently. Since the lid is transparent, the contents can be reviewed comfortably.
Dosing equipment for trichloro compacts and bromine tablets with automatic safety valve.
Made of polyester and fiberglass for maximum resistance.

Formats and types of pool bromine

bromine shock pool powder

To start with, eBromine can be used in various ways to achieve effective disinfection.

Thus, there are different possible formats for maintaining pools with bromine: liquid bromine for pools, bromine tablets for pools...

The most commonly used method currently is bromine tablets. They dissolve slowly and keep pool water disinfected and clean for longer, even in the presence of high pH levels.

Bromine tablets for swimming pools They do not use harmful gases and they dissolve very well in water.

Liquid bromine results in cleaning with clearer and more transparent water.

Bromine tablets for swimming pools

Bromine tablets for swimming pools price

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Multi-action bromine

Bromine multi-action price

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Bromogene

Bromogene is a compound of bromo which is used as a broad-spectrum biocide for disinfection, control of bacteria, algae and fungi in swimming pools and spas. Especially recommended for use in spas, indoor and heated pools.

Bromogene price

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bromine generator

bromine pool salt

Swimming pool bromine generator characteristics

AC. Hypochlorous generated by electrolysis, acts as an activating agent for 0017, generating Ac. Hypobromous.
AC. Hipobromoso has a greater disinfectant and algaecide effectiveness than other oxidants on a pH scale between 7 and 8.
The high oxidizing power of Ac. Formed hypobromous, it allows destroying all the Organic Matter present in the water.
The Bromine Generator does not incorporate Organic Matter into the pool water.

Dosage and instructions for use pool bromine generator

Initial treatment with pool bromine generator

When starting up the electrochlorinator, dissolve 30 to 40 kg of salt for every 10 m3 of water, adding it directly to the interior of the pool, with the filtration equipment in operation and with the valve placed in the “recirculation” position.
Then, add 600 grams of product for every 10 m3 of water. Adjust the electrochlorinator to obtain a Bromine rate between 2 and 3 mgr/l, a value that will be easily measured using a Bromine and pH analyzer kit.
This control must be carried out a minimum of 2 times a day.

Maintenance treatment with the pool bromine generator

To each contribution of 25 kg of salt, add 500 grams of product for every 10 m3 of water inside the skimmers, operating the filtration equipment in the recirculation position or dosing the product directly into the pool water. to be able to dissolve it.

Bromine Generator Dosage Notes

This addition of salt must be carried out due to the decrease in salt concentration as a result of filter washing, etc.

These doses are indicative in nature and can be modified depending on the characteristics of each pool, climate, etc.

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Chlorine and bromine neutralizer

chlorine and bromine neutralizer

Chlorine neutralizer function

The chlorine and bromine neutralizer is intended to eliminate excess residual chlorine that may be in the pool water (removes possible excess chlorine or bromine).

Chlorine and bromine neutralizer application

To apply it, you only have to dissolve the necessary dose in a container with water and distribute it evenly over the surface of the pool.

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Table of contents of the page: Bromine pool

Switch from chlorine to bromine?

To switch from chlorine to bromine, one simply needs to stop using chlorine tablets and start using bromine tablets.

If you use a tablet feeder or chlorinator, you should replace it, so that chlorine residue does not come into contact with bromine, which could be dangerous.

Can you switch from chlorine to bromine?

You can switch from chlorine to bromine sanitizer in a hot tub. In fact, it is easier to go from chlorine to bromine than the other way around.

Simply stop adding chlorine and start adding bromating tablets instead. The dissolving tablets will gradually begin to build up a bank of bromide, and then the next time you shock the spa, that residual bromide will be converted to bromine.

It is important that the two chemicals do not mix directly. If you were using a floating dispenser with bleach, you should get a new one to use with bromine tablets to make sure there is no bleach residue in it.

So why doesn't it work the other way around?

If your spa already has bromine, each time you add a shock (whether chlorinated or non-chlorinated), this existing bromine will be reactivated and you will still have a bromine spa.

Unfortunately, there is no way to completely remove bromine from water without doing a complete drain, clean, and refill, including flushing the plumbing lines with a cleaner like Ahh-Some.

How to get started with bromine

All you really need to get started with bromine is:

Bromide Booster: Spa Choice Bromide Booster Spa Sanitizer

Spa Shock: MPS Oxidizing Shock for Oxy-Spa Chlorine-Free Hot Tub and Pool

Brominating Tablets: Clorox Spa Brominating Tablets

Floating Dispenser: Life Deluxe Spa/Hot Tub/Pool Floating Chemical Tablet Dispenser

4-Way Test Strips: Leisure Spa and Hot Tub Test Strips 4-Way Bromine Testers

Questions about how to use and maintain bromine in the pool

Pool bromine control

• Use exclusively with a bromine dispenser (brominator).
• Adjust the pH between 7,0 and 7,6 and the TAC value above 10°F. If the water is hard use Calcinex^®.
• Fill the brominator with Aquabrome tablets^® and start it following the instructions on the dispenser. The bromine concentration of the water will depend on the flow of water in the brominator.
• Optimum bromine value in private pools: between 1 and 3 mg/L. In public swimming pools between 3 and 5 mg/l.

Warnings: Never mix different chemicals together.
concentrated. Always add the product to water and never the other way around. Avoid
direct contact of the product with delicate coatings (liner, paint...) as it could discolor or damage them.

Bromine dosage manually

Both methods result in the formation of hypobromous acid, HOBr, and hypobromite ions, OBr-. A third way to produce HOBr and OBr- is by electrolytic conversion of the bromide salt with an automatic bromine generator.

Method 1 to manually dose bromine in the pool

One way is to establish what is called a bromide bank by placing a threshold amount (15-30 ppm) of a harmless bromide salt into the water.
Then, it introduces an oxidant, sometimes labeled as an "activator," to convert these bromide ions into a form that will kill microorganisms.
The oxidant/activator could be potassium monopersulfate, which also appears in products as potassium peroxymonosulfate; It is the active ingredient in most non-chlorine, or chlorine, shock treatments.

2nd way to manually dose bromine in swimming pools: through a float or dispenser

The second way is to apply a hydantoin product that already contains oxidized bromine, using a specially sized float or feeder.
The oxidized bromine is gradually released as the tablets react with water. .

In this duo, hypobromous acid is the pollutant-fighting champion. It is not as particular about pH as its chlorine counterpart, hypochlorous acid. At pH 6, almost 100% of the bromine is in the more reactive HOBr form; at the same pH, 97% of the free chlorine would be in the form of HOCl. But at pH 8, while 83% of the active bromine is present as HOBr, only 24% of the free chlorine would be in its most reactive hypochlorous acid state at any given time. Since pH can fluctuate drastically in a spa, having a sanitizer that can work over a wide pH range is an important asset.

How to use bromine in an outdoor pool

Yes, bromine tablets can be used in outdoor pools, but the problem with bromine is that it cannot be stabilized or protected from the sun with cyanuric acid. For outdoor pools that receive strong direct sunlight, bromine levels can be depleted quickly, requiring more bromine to maintain healthy levels. Adding CYA to a chlorine pool protects the chlorine from intense sunlight and can double or triple its staying power, but it doesn't have the same effect on bromine.

Bromine versus chlorine for indoor pools?

For indoor pools that receive very little sunlight, bromine is preferred or recommended. The reason for this is that bromamines (naturally occurring bromine and organic compounds) do not remove the surface like chloramines. Chloramines (mono-, di-, and tri-chloramines) tend to rise to the surface and be released, with higher concentrations measured near the surface of the water, where swimmers breathe deeply. Chloramines continue to increase, and even in the air it struggles to continue functioning or oxidizing. They are attracted to metal surfaces (stairs, clocks, furniture, ductwork, false ceilings, and steel structural supports. Basically, they can rust the building, unless the pool chemistry is managed very carefully and the HVAC systems are constantly build Expel internal air to the outside, while drawing in a constant supply of fresh air.

Bromine versus chlorine for pools with automatic covers?

specific page: automatic pool cover

For pools using an automatic pool cover, bromine may be a good option as the problem of sunlight degradation is largely eliminated. Bromine and bromamines are also less harmful to automotive coating fabrics, compared to chlorine, all things being equal.

Bromine tablets do not dissolve

El bromine It is just as effective as chlorine, but does not give off odors. The pills dissolve slowly and release their active substance over a longer period of time

How long should bromine tablets take to dissolve?

Bromine tablets dissolve depending on the size of the tablets and how much of the tablet is exposed to water. For example, a whole 1-inch tablet completely exposed to water may dissolve in 1-3 weeks, while a partially crushed or broken tablet will likely dissolve in just a few hours. If you use a dispenser like the Life Deluxe Pool/Hot Tub/Spa Chemical Floating Tablet Dispenser, it can take 2 to 3 months before all the tablets are dissolved, at least on the lowest settings. This is the slowest and most controlled way to dissolve bromine tablets that I have found since owning a spa.

You can mix chlorine and bromine

Compatibility between chlorine and bromine

El chlorine and bromine They are pool disinfectants with different characteristics. However, both belong to the family of halogens. Since they are the same type, they can be mixed in water without a problem. Be careful, they should never be mixed dry!
Have you heard that these two disinfectants cannot be mixed? In fact, several criteria must be taken into account to be able to mix them. If you use chlorine stabilized, do not mix it with bromine. The stabilizer causes a reaction that can be dangerous. In addition, it cancels the disinfectant effect of the products, increases their sensitivity to UV and damages the quality of the water.

Whether you choose chlorine or bromine, DON'T: mix them into the water. This can also cause a dangerous chemical reaction. If you are switching from one to the other, you will need to drain and clean your hot tub and flush the line. mix them together in their dry state, especially the granules. This can also cause a dangerous chemical reaction. store them next to each other. Even in their separate containers, this is dangerous as the vapors they emit can combine and become combustible. Use the same feeder for both, whether you use chlorine or bromine tablets or granules. Even if you think you've cleaned it well enough, some of the chemical residue can react with each other.

Can bromine be stabilized?

Outdoor pool owners who use chlorine are familiar with cyanuric acid, sold as pool "conditioner" or "stabilizer." Pool chlorine tablets, “Trichlor Tabs,” also have cyanuric acid added to the tablet. A level of 30-50 ppm cyanuric acid is recommended in outdoor pools, to help protect chlorine from the sun. Bromine is not commonly used in outdoor pools, especially sunny outdoor pools, because it traditionally cannot be stabilized or protected from the sun. However, bromine tablets, made with BDMCH, belong to a class of disinfectants known as halogenated hydantoins. When chemists began adding hydantoins to bromine, the result was a slower release, or prolonged release, as well as reduced degradation from sun and heat. However, bromine is still susceptible to UV degradation in sunny outdoor pools, but cannot be stabilized like chlorine.

Can bromine be used with mineral purifiers?

Nature2 is a mineral sanitizer that uses silver and copper ions to help purify a spa or pool. Other similar mineral purifying products are manufactured by Frog, Leisure Time and others. There is a bit of misinformation online about the use of Bromine and Mineral Purifiers. If you ask a search engine the question, “Can Nature2 be used with Bromine?”, you will find many negative answers, indicating that Nature2 is incompatible with Bromine. But other mineral purifiers, which are essentially knockoffs of Nature2 technology, claim that you can use bromine or chlorine. Searching the Zodiac website, the only information about incompatibility is that Nature2 should not be used with biguanide products or copper algaecides, but nothing about bromine. In a phone call to Zodiac technical support, I was told that they recommend using it with chlorine only because that is the only halogen that was tested and evaluated by the EPA. The use of bromine in conjunction with Nature2 has not been evaluated or registered and is therefore not recommended by Zodiac. However, you can use bromine with mineral purifiers, yes.

Tips for maintenance with Bromine for swimming pools

As we have already said, bromine for swimming pools is a product intended for the treatment of pool and spa water, specifically, it is a disinfectant.

It is worth mentioning that, unlike traditional chlorine, pools with bromine are disinfected without any type of unpleasant odor, it does not irritate the eyes or mucous membranes, it does not discolor clothing, it has a high tolerance to pH variations and can regenerate with an oxidizer.

On this occasion, we present you an explanatory video forto know how to dose bromine for swimming pools, how to measure it and at the same time analyze it.

In addition, you will also know the composition of pool bromine, safety tips, the effects of the sun's ultraviolet rays, etc...

Explanatory video of bromine for swimming pools

Pool shock treatment with bromine

bromine shock treatment

Instructions for use bromine shock treatment

Shock treatment: 100 g of bromine for 10 m³ of water.
We should not add the product directly to the pool, but we will dissolve it in a bucket with water

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high bromine pool

Can bromine levels be too high?

Any type of chemical in the pool can be too high if not controlled properly. That is why it is always better to check the pool water.

In its pure form, bromine is corrosive and smelly. In fact, its name comes from the Greek word “bromos,” which means “stench.” To keep bromine levels within the safe range of 2 to 4 parts per million.

One indicator is possible degradation of your hot tub surfaces. If bromine and chlorine levels are high for a longer period. If you smell a strong chemical smell when you get close to your hot tub or your eyes start to hurt. And if you feel any type of irritation in your throat or nose. It could be a sign that your chlorine has exceeded the limits, but it is uncertain.

How to lower bromine in the pool

How to reduce bromine levels in water

Lowering the bromine level of pool water requires stopping all application of bromine to the pool, as well as partially draining the pool water.

Open the hot tub

You can open the hot tub and let it be. With the lid open, more water will evaporate. Opening it can allow chlorine or bromine to evaporate along the way. It will also lower the water level.

Remove some water and replace it with new one.

During evaporation, the water level has likely dropped a few inches, allowing you to add more fresh, clean water. Once you're done, leave it for an hour, hour and a half to circulate and test your water. But if you can't wait to do all these things, you can also buy a neutralizer. It is an additive for spas and neutralizes chlorine or bromine levels.

Use Bromine for jacuzzi/SPA

Bromine for jacuzzi

What is bromine for jacuzzi

Bromine is a chemical that deals with the treatment and purification of jacuzzi, SPA and pool water..

The bromine jacuzzi embraces many similarities with chlorine

Likewise, bromine for jacuzzi includes the peculiarity that it has properties similar to chlorine. Likewise, this has become a reference for maintaining spas, Jacuzzis and covered swimming pools.

The use of bromine for SPA is not limited only to the disinfection of jacuzzis

Also, it should be noted that bromine is not limited only to jacuzzis and spas, since it can be used as a disinfectant in any type of pool, fulfilling the same functions as chlorine.

Why is it important to properly disinfect SPA water?

Peruse any of the Internet forums devoted to pool and spa topics and you will find a lot of misinformation, especially when it comes to water quality in spas. These “hot tubs” for the residential market are promoted as oases of pleasure and a remedy for the pains of middle age, and they are all that! However, buyers should also be properly informed about maintaining water quality. Due to their 96°F to 104°F operating range, jet stream, and a disinfectant demand that can be extremely variable, spas create an environment where microbes will flourish unless the owner is vigilant about disinfecting the water.

In the absence of a suitable disinfectant, bacteria reproduce rapidly. This can present a serious situation as some strains cause infections and others cause significant gastrointestinal illness. For example, the most common spa-related illness, dermatitis, is caused by bacteria. Another bacteria, Legionella pneumophila, can even be fatal if inhaled with spa mist. Viruses, protozoa, and algae will multiply rapidly in inadequately treated water, as will biofilm that can harbor microorganisms.

Considering that an adult bather sheds around one billion bacteria when entering a spa, the first step in maintaining excellent water quality should be to take a shower with soap before entering. The second step is to continually destroy all microbial invaders through sanitation and any inanimate contaminants through oxidation. The third step is to keep the filter clean and run the filtration system for the manufacturer's recommended amount of time each day so that all water is properly treated.

Bromine or chlorine for spa

The dynamic duo The most popular disinfectants on the market today are chlorine and bromine, both classified as halogens. Halogens are highly reactive elements, a characteristic that makes them ideal for disinfecting and oxidizing contaminants in water. Chlorine is a little more reactive than bromine, making it somewhat more effective. The other reason why the ideal range for residual bromine is a little higher than for residual chlorine is that, due to their relative atomic weights, it is necessary

approximately twice as much bromine as ppm, to obtain the same oxidizing capacity as chlorine. See table 1. If a spa has an ozonator, the recommended level of residual disinfectant remains the same; however, the amount of chlorine or bromine product needed to achieve this goal will be less because the ozone generated is helping to disinfect and oxidize the water.

In its elemental forms and under standard conditions of temperature and pressure, chlorine exists as a pale green gas, bromine as a reddish-brown liquid. These are dangerous and are not used to treat spas. However, certain formulations are approved by the US Environmental Protection Agency for spa use. How do you choose which product is best to use? There is a dizzying variety of brands on the market, so for this survey we'll be looking at broad categories and using typical figures for our statistics as we explore the pros and cons of each. But first, an important point made by the manufacturers: Proper spa water treatment is easier when following a program approach. Maintaining a program ensures that the products used for sanitation, oxidation, and water balance work well together.

How bromine and chlorine act in the SPA

How chlorine works in the SPA

Chlorine: oxidizes contaminants, invading them and destroying them from the inside out. As it works, the chlorine dissipates and becomes a waste product called chloramines. These remnants are responsible for the stinging, dryness and bad smell that chlorine has and reduce the effectiveness of the disinfectant.

To keep chloramines at bay, you'll need to add bleach regularly, usually at least once a week. However, if it gets really bad and bleach doesn't work, you know that disinfectants kill bacteria and other nasty things. But how exactly do these two disinfectants do that? Chlorine: oxidizes contaminants, invading them and destroying them from the inside out. As it works, the chlorine dissipates and becomes a waste product called chloramines. These remnants are responsible for the stinging, dryness and bad smell that chlorine has and reduce the effectiveness of the disinfectant. To keep chloramines at bay, you'll need to add bleach regularly, usually at least once a week. However, if it gets really bad and the chlorine doesn't work on its own, you can shock your hot tub to get rid of the chloramines. You want to do that on a regular basis anyway, to keep the water clean and pristine. If you do the job yourself, you can electrocute your hot tub to get rid of the chloramines. You want to do that on a regular basis anyway, to keep the water clear and pristine.

How bromine works in the SPA

Bromine: ionizes contaminants, separating their chemical bonds. A good amount remains active and functioning, even after combining with contaminants.

But bromine also produces a waste product called bromamines. While they are not as harmful as chloramines, they still reduce the effectiveness of bromine in your hot tub. Shocking is also the solution here.

Disinfection of SPAS water with bromine

For many years, bromine sanitation of spas has been accomplished with a bromide salt in liquid or granular form (such as sodium bromide, which has a pH of 6.5 to 8), along with a granular oxidant ("activator") separated, usually potassium. specially buffered monopersulfate for use in spas to neutralize its acidity. Generally, the instructions for use for this two-step system say to manually add enough product to establish a 30 ppm bromide reserve each time the spa is filled. A smaller maintenance dose may be recommended at some later time or after heavy use. It is important to realize that sodium bromide itself is not a disinfectant. It must be used in conjunction with the activator, which is added periodically to convert the bromide bank to the lethal form of bromine. With this system, no float or feeder is necessary.

*A newer formula is BCDMH + DCDMH + DCEMH (1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin + 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin + 1,3-dichloro-5-ethyl-5- methylhydantoin), sometimes called DantobromTM S. In the spa market, it is sold in the form of tablets and briquettes. The compound has a pH of 3.6 and an available chlorine equivalent content of 62 percent. In spas it can be dispensed into a simple float (warranty permitting) or placed in an erosion soaker feeder. It is necessary to add sodium bromide to create a bromide reserve when this product is used for the first time and whenever water is replaced. This bromine treatment is acidic, so pH and alkalinity must be closely monitored.

A non-chlorinated hydantoin approach is DBDMH (1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin). It is sold in the form of seeds or slow-dissolving tablets; In a spa it can be applied using an approved feeder or float. It is advisable to impact regularly with any conventional treatment except hydrogen peroxide. DBDMH disinfectants have a nearly neutral pH, for example 6,6; an equivalent available chlorine content of up to 54 percent; and a good shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place.

How much bromine to put in spa

Shot Recommended spa bromine: Private SPA bromine values: 2,0 – 4,0 and Public SPA bromine dosage: 4,0 – 6,0.

How many bromine tablets for spa

For hot tubs and spas, you should add 3 bromine tablets per 1000-1200 liters of spa water.

This should be done with the use of a floating tablet feeder or an automatic bromerator installed in the hot tube.

Disinfecting a spa with bromine is usually a 3-part process:

Establish a bromide bank. You should do this by adding a 'bromide booster' like Spa Choice Bromide Booster Spa Sanitizer every time you initially fill your spa with fresh water. This is so that the water reaches an adequate starting bromide level.

Use shock to activate bromine. Spa shock works with bromide to convert it to bromine, which can then kill any contaminants in the water. You should add a shock such as Oxy-Spa Non-Chlorine Hot Tub & Pool MPS Oxidizing Shock weekly as well as after each use of the spa.

Add bromating tablets to a floating dispenser or 'brominator'. These tablets dissolve gradually over time. The idea is that they keep their bromide bank full enough, so that there is always enough bromide in the water ready to react when it hits your spa. I have found Clorox Spa Bromine Tablets to be the best. When measuring bromine levels, the ideal range to aim for is 2-6 ppm (1-3 ppm is fine if your spa has an ozonator).

And that's really all that's involved. With a little practice, bromine can be a convenient and very low-maintenance way to disinfect a spa.

Bromine tablets for hot tub

bromine spa

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Can you use crushed bromine tablets in a hot tub?

You can use crushed bromide tablets either to establish an initial bromide bank or reserve in your hot tub, or (in small amounts) to top up your spa's bromide reserve instead of tablets. Whenever I have bought a bottle of bromine tablets, there has always been dust at the bottom where some of the tablets have been broken or crushed. It seemed like a shame to waste it, so I experimented with using it in my spa. What was the results? I found it works well in both cases, but a little goes a long way, especially for regular top-ups. Start by adding a teaspoon of crushed ta bromine

Start by adding a teaspoon of crushed Bromine tablet powder to water. Check disinfectant levels the next time you flush your spa, to make sure it is still within the 2-6 ppm range. The powder dissolves much faster than it would in tablet form, so it's easy to end up with higher levels of disinfectant than you'd like.

Can bromine levels be too high?

Any type of chemical in the pool can be too high if not controlled properly. That is why it is always better to check the pool water.

What can you do if you put too much bromine in a hot tub?

If you have tested your levels and confirmed that bromine is indeed too high (above 10 ppm), there are a few things you can try: Wait for the levels to decrease naturally. If you don't need to use the spa for a few days, this is usually the easiest option. Take out your bromine float, don't add more impact, and you'll find the levels will gradually decrease on their own. Leave the spa open. If you can leave the cover uncovered for a few hours, especially on a sunny day, a combination of evaporation and sunlight will help break down the bromine faster. Replace some water. If you can salvage the spa and replace what you removed with fresh water, that will help dilute the over-sanitized water you have. Use a neutralizer. If you're desperate, products like Applied Biochemist Thio-Trine Neutralizer can reduce bromine levels. Be careful, however, as the instructions for these products are usually for large pools; You will need a small amount for a spa. Replaces all the water. This is a last resort, but if you're still struggling to keep your levels in an acceptable range, you may be better off with a fresh start and new water.

How to use chlorine and bromine granules in the SPA

If you know how to use a measuring cup, you can add chlorine granules or bromine granules to your hot tub. Determine the volume of your hot tub or the amount of water it contains. Turn on the hot tub, if it is not already running. Carefully read the instructions on the chlorine or bromine container. Measure the amount of chlorine or bromine recommended by the manufacturer for the volume of your hot tub. Pour the granules slowly and directly into the hot tub. Let the water circulate for 20 minutes to allow the disinfectant to disperse. Test the water to ensure proper disinfectant levels. Make any necessary adjustments.

Bromine tablet dispenser for jacuzzi

Features of the bromine tablet dosing float for jacuzzi

Pool Float Dispenser – Chemical Dispenser for Chlorine or Bromine Tablets – For the Fair Dosage of Pool Additives

Clean pool
The chlorine dispenser for the dosed release of pool additives guarantees clear, clean water in the pool and great bathing fun in summer!

Adjustable dose:
With the adjustable switching ring on the dosing float, the discharge of chemicals into the pool can be conveniently controlled!

Great capacity:
The dosing float is designed to slowly dissolve bromine or chlorine tablets up to a size of 7,6 inches.

Robust and safe:
The floating chemical dispenser is made of UV-resistant plastic and can be used for many summers.

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How to use chlorine and bromine tablets in the SPA

You don't need to add them as often as pellets, but tablets still aren't a complete set-it-and-forget-it method. Carefully read the instructions on the packaging of chlorine or bromine tablets. Place the recommended number of tablets (usually 1-inch tablets) in a feeder (also called a float, chlorine/bromine float, chlorine/bromine dispenser, chlorinator, or bromine). Adjust the feeder (if adjustable) according to the manufacturer's instructions to control the release of disinfectant. Hold the feeder under the hot tub water for a few seconds to expel air and keep it more stable as it floats. Test the water over the next few days to ensure the disinfectant levels are adequate. Make any necessary adjustments.

Video tutorial using bromine tablets for spa

Bromine tablets for swimming pools are a disinfectant product for the treatment of pool and spa water, cL

Next, in this video you are presented with Q-Brom tablets, which are composed of bromo-chloro dimethylhydantoin.

And, as we have already been highlighting, bromine spa tablets, unlike chlorine, do not generate unpleasant odors, do not irritate the eyes or mucous membranes, do not discolor clothing, have a high tolerance to pH variations and can regenerate with an oxidant.

Thus, the video explains how to dose this product, how to measure and analyze it, its composition, safety tips, the effects of the sun's ultraviolet rays, etc...

video tutorial bromine tablets for jacuzzi